• 노동경제논집
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.119-148
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• 2007

해외 아웃소싱은 선진국에서나 개도국에서나 할 것 없이 최근의 세계화와 더불어 주요한 논쟁거리이며, 또한 이와 관련한 부정적인 효과에 대한 우려의 목소리 또한 크다. 하지만 해외 아웃소싱에 대한 정확한 정의나 측정하는 방법이 크게 발달하지 못했기 때문에 그 변화를 엄밀하게 살펴볼 수 없었다. 특히 1990년대 초반 이후에는 그나마 측정치가 별로 없는 상황이다. 본 논문에서는 최근의 해외 아웃소싱에 대한 측정치를 계산함과 동시에 해외 아웃소싱이 노동시장, 특히 임금의 변화에 미치는 영향을 미국 제조업을 중심으로 살펴보았다. 1987년에서 2003년까지 미국 제조업의 총제조부품(manufactured inputs)중 해외 아웃소싱의 비중은 12.4%에서 22.7%로 10.3% 포인트 증가했다. 해외 아웃소싱이 미국 제조업 노동시장에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 본 연구의 후반부에서는 해외 아웃소싱 수준이 제조업 근로자들의 산업프리미엄에 통계적으로 유의미한 음의 효과를 준다는 것이 밝혀졌다. 추정계수의 크기는 0.9로서 10%의 해외 아웃소싱이 있는 산업의 경우 10%의 산업별 임금프리미엄이 하락하게 된다는 것을 의미한다. 이 크기는 미숙련 노동자들에게는 11%로 나타났다.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제10권8호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2019

Purpose - The purpose of this study was to clarify the factors to make an exclusive importation contract between foreign fashion brands and local retailers for successful business in Korea. Even though imported fashion brand market shows stead increasing in terms of sales amount, the number of store related study was very rare in fact. Meanwhile, as long as this business is glowing a lot of brands are suffering from bad business performance or getting in ruins thus these problems result in foreign currency loss. The local marketers therefore, strongly expect to know the solution for this matter. Research design, data, and methodology - For the qualitative research, 10 experts who are operating foreign brands with an exclusive contract at a department store or at duty free shop now and who had at least over 10 years of related working experience were included. The factors for the exclusive importation contract with foreign brands were drawn up through the one-to-one in-depth interview method from September 3, 2017 to January 15, 2018. The expert group for the validity analysis includes 2 professors and 5 postgraduate students. Results - As a result of qualitative study on the factors for imported fashion brand's launching with the exclusive importation contract, it turned out that there were 5 factors - safety, profitability, reliability, speed and global retailing. Safety, profitability, and reliability have been mentioned in most related surveys but some details are added and speed and global retailing have been newly highlighted and many unknown legal issues that it was not easy to get form common academic research are included. Speed simply means quick lead time and global retailing means stores where located in other countries. Conclusions - The reason that qualitative research should be done before the quantitative research is due to the scant theoretical background for this matter. Because the market of an imported fashion brand is steadily increasing, determining the factors to make exclusive importation contract is very meaningful from the point of academic and business. After this study, many marketers may get basic conditions to apply for real business and I hope the following quantitative research will give more effective results. The next study also will have extended range concerning industry area, product and distribution channel.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제23권7호
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• pp.742-751
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• 2022

Objective: To assess focal mineral deposition in the globus pallidus (GP) by CT and quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) of MRI scans and evaluate its clinical significance, particularly cerebrovascular degeneration. Materials and Methods: This study included 105 patients (66.1 ± 13.7 years; 40 male and 65 female) who underwent both CT and MRI with available QSM data between January 2017 and December 2019. The presence of focal mineral deposition in the GP on QSM (GP_QSM) and CT (GP_CT) was assessed visually using a three-point scale. Cerebrovascular risk factors and small vessel disease (SVD) imaging markers were also assessed. The clinical and radiological findings were compared between the different grades of GP_QSM and GP_CT. The relationship between GP grades and cerebrovascular risk factors and SVD imaging markers was assessed using univariable and multivariable linear regression analyses. Results: GP_CT and GP_QSM were significantly associated (p < 0.001) but were not identical. Higher GP_CT and GP_QSM grades showed smaller gray matter (p = 0.030 and p = 0.025, respectively) and white matter (p = 0.013 and p = 0.019, respectively) volumes, as well as larger GP volumes (p < 0.001 for both). Among SVD markers, white matter hyperintensity was significantly associated with GP_CT (p = 0.006) and brain atrophy was significantly associated with GP_QSM (p = 0.032) in at univariable analysis. In multivariable analysis, the normalized volume of the GP was independently positively associated with GP_CT (p < 0.001) and GP_QSM (p = 0.002), while the normalized volume of the GM was independently negatively associated with GP_CT (p = 0.040) and GP_QSM (p = 0.035). Conclusion: Focal mineral deposition in the GP on CT and QSM might be a potential imaging marker of cerebral vascular degeneration. Both were associated with increased GP volume.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2008

Three properties of food waste are water 80%, ash 3%, volatile matter 17%. When food waste goes through treatment process such as removal of foreign substances, removal of water as well as sodium, dryness, and pulverization, it transforms into 4,000 Kcal/kg purverized fuel if moisture content is below 13%. Fuel ratio (fixed carbon/volatile matter) of purverized fuel is low compared with bituminuous coal. Ignition temperature measured by thermogravimetry analyzer is about $460^{\circ}C$. Combustion test of purverized fuel have been performed using energy recovery facility which include storage tank of dewatered cake, dryer, hammer mill, combuster including burner, boiler, flue gas treatment equipment. When 160-180 kg/hr of fuel is steadily supplied to burner for 3 hours, combustor temperature reaches about $1000^{\circ}C$ and CO is 77-103 ppm at 1.55 excess air ratio and SOx and Cl are under 2 ppm and 1ppm, respectively. This experiment demonstrate that purverized fuel made from food waste could be an alternative clean energy at the age of high oil price.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.149-152
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• 2008

Three properties of food waste are water 80%, ash 3%, volatile matter 17%. When food waste goes through treatment process such as removal of foreign substances, removal of water as well as sodium, dryness, and pulverization, it transforms into 4,000Kcal/kg purverized fuel if moisture content is below 13%. Fuel ratio(fixed carbon/volatile matter) of purverized fuel is low compared with bituminuous coal. Ignition temperature measured by thermogravimetry analyzer is about $460^{\circ}C$. Combustion test of purverized fuel have been performed using energy recovery facility which include storage tank of dewatered cake, dryer, hammer mill, combuster including burner, boiler, flue gas treatment equipment. When 160-180 kg/hr of fuel is steadily supplied to burner for 3 hours, combueter temperature reaches about $1000^{\circ}C$ and CO is 77-103ppm at 1.55 excess air ratio and SOx and Cl are under 2ppm and 1ppm, respectively. This experiment demonstrate that purverized fuel made from food waste could be an alternative clean energy for high oil price era

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.218-225
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• 2020

Purpose Wearable devices are widely used in our daily life. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between persuasive designs of fitness trackers and users' physical activity behavior. Methods To test the research model, data was collected from a web-based survey in China, resulting in an effective sample of 166 usable questionnaires. The survey was restricted only to respondents who wear a fitness tracker. Results The sample surveyed in this study indicated that half of the respondents had been wearing a smart fitness tracker shorter than one year, and only 27% were long-time users (longer than two years). Dialogue support and social support strategies were both proved to be effective in increasing users' workout behavior intention. Social support strategies had a greater effect on behavior change than dialogue support strategies. Conclusion The findings from this study make several contributions to the practice. Wearable devices developers can employ the result from this study to help them design devices, which can persuade people to do more exercises and preserve a healthier life.

• 한국지능시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국퍼지및지능시스템학회 2000년도 추계학술대회 학술발표 논문집
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• pp.129-132
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• 2000

Grouping ports in certain region by their characteristics could be used as the principal informations to establish national policy for port development or investment and also to analyze the competitiveness between ports. Currently Korean ports are divided into two groups such as the local port and the designated port containing foreign trade port and coastal port under the Korean port law. These divisions seem to be used for port administration as the matter of convenience but some qualitative grouping is needed for research of port problems. In this paper, 28 major Korean ports were clustered by the similar characteristics using Fuzzy C-Means and found to be classified 8 qualitative groups.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2011

As is the case in Korea, the expansion of renewable energy dissemination is an essential matter in Ukraine when considering its energy consumption and dependence on energy import. While Korea has set about promoting the new and renewable energy industry on the back of the national policy on green growth, Ukraine expects a virtuous circle of renewable energy industry with green tariffs and the attraction of foreign capital in association with carbon emission trade. Utilizing its well-developed heavy industrial sector including the shipbuilding and automobile industries, Korea expects wind turbine manufacturing to become one of its next-generation growth engines. Ukraine is also trying to enter the wind turbine system or parts manufacturing industry based on its automobile industry and advanced aerospace technology. Although the Crimean region in Ukraine seems to have excellent wind resources, and thus shows great potential as a location for wind farm development, political instability has been a major obstacle to the attraction of foreign capital, leading to delayed investment.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.29-54
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• 2018

Using the indicators of economic policy uncertainty developed by Baker et al. (2016), this paper investigates the effects of the US economic policy uncertainty on the Korea economic uncertainty as well as Korea-US foreign exchange risk. The key findings are that: (i) the degree of spillovers of policy uncertainty from the US to Korea is considerable but not comparatively high; (ii) the US policy uncertainty plays a stronger and more consistent role in Korean currency risk than Korea policy uncertainty and other macro variables. It implies that the economic policy uncertainty in the US is an important contributor to Korea-US exchange rates.

• 한국항만학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.143-154
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• 2000

In port management, the scale of facilities and port layouts are major factors characterizing the port, which influence port economics and productivities continuously through the port operation. Grouping ports in certain region by their characteristics could be used as the principal informations to establish national policy for port development or investment and also to analyze the competitiveness between ports. Currently Korean ports are divided into two groups such as the local port and the designated port containing foreign trade port and coastal port under the Korean port law. These divisions seem to be used for port administration as the matter of convenience but some qualitative grouping is needed for research of port problems. In this paper, 20 major Korean ports were clustered by the similar characteristics using Fuzzy C-Means and found to be classified 8 qualitative groups.