• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.45-76
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• 2016

This paper measures the extent to which South Korea participated in global value chains (GVCs) from 1995 through 2011 and scrutinizes the consequences of such participation on the Korean economy. To this end, the World Input Output Database is utilized to calculate GVC income, GVC employment, and value-added exports created by Korean and foreign industries. Our findings show that Korea radically internationalized its production activities during the sample period, widening the gap between gross exports and value-added exports. We also document that Korea's participation in GVCs has changed the value-added and employment structures in domestic industries in accordance with their comparative advantages while exacerbating the degree of wage inequality.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.17-33
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• 2022

This study measures the internal and external competitiveness of 35 OECD countries in the insurance industry. We analyze whether variables related to the Fourth Industrial Revolution affect international competitiveness by applying a nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag model. As a result, the competitiveness of life insurance foreign companies in internal is showing positive responses in high income inequality countries. In addition, insurance companies in countries with low income inequality have shown high performance in external. The non-life insurance industry is less sensitive to shocks than life insurance. This is because non-life insurance is a more dangerous industry than life insurance and there are many restrictions on policies and regulations. The reason is that non-life insurance is a more dangerous industry than life insurance and there are many restrictions on policies and regulations.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.69-93
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• 2015

Developing countries including poor countries cannot accumulate enough domestic saving and government budget for their industrialization. They need to finance the capital for development from abroad sources; foreign direct investment (FDI) and official development assistance (ODA). The developing countries can improve their business climate for more ODA. This paper examines whether ODA improve the business climate of developing countries. In this paper, the business climate are measured by the starting business scores and the scores of credit and protecting investor in Doing Business project of World Bank. According to the empirical result, ODA has significant effect on the starting business scores for low and lower middle income countries, but insignificant effect for upper middle countries. In the case of the scores of credit and protecting investor, ODA has significant effect only for lower middle income countries.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.44-60
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• 2017

This study is to understand the image of the Korean beauty and rewards to be gained by trying to be a beautiful person and to study differences according to demographic characteristics. It was studied with the purpose of industrializing beauty image and selling it to foreign countries. The survey questionnaire was distributed to Seoul and Kyeongkido. Respondents totaled 301. Collected data were analyzed with frequency analysis, factor analysis, $X^2$-test, and regression. Results are ; (1) The external image of Korean beauty emphasizes round face, white skin, big eyes, double eyelids, round head shape, early twenties, tall, low body weight, thin waist, long neck, long legs, and thin fingers. (2) The inner image of the Korean beauty emphasizes mature personality, social economic ability, but not housework, and cultural artistic ability. (3) Rewards gained by trying to be a beauty are psychological, actual, and social ones. (4) External face and body image of the beauty are different by demographic characteristics (sex, age, marital status, final education, monthly average income, religion). (5) The inner image of the beauty is different by age, final education, and monthly average income. (6) Rewards gained by trying to be a beauty are different by sex, age, final education, and monthly average income.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.27-36
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• 2016

Purpose - Considering the importance of housing needs to real estate market, domestic studies on real estate prices from the perspective of demand are basically based on macro-data, but relatively few are associated with micro-data of urban real estate demand. We try to find a reliable relation of elasticity of demand and commercial housing market. Research design, data, and methodology - In this paper, we have derived housing demand theoretic method and have utilized micro-data of residential family housing survey of downtown area in Kunming City in October, 2015 to estimate income elasticity and price elasticity of housing demand respectively and make a comparative analysis. Results - The results indicate that income elasticity and price elasticity of families with owner-occupied housing are both larger than those of families with rental housing. Income elasticity of housing demand of urban residential families in Kunming is far below the foreign average and eastern coastal cities level, however, the corresponding price elasticity is far higher. Conclusions - We suggest that housing affordability of urban families in western China are constrained by the level of economic development, and the current housing price level has exceeded the economic affordability and psychological expectation of ordinary residents. Furthermore, noticing the great rigidity of housing demand, the expansion space of housing market for improvement and for commodity is limited.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2021.05a
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• pp.383-385
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• 2021

According to a paper on estimating and forecasting the size of the pet-related industry published in 2018, 26.9% of the nation's pet-owned households were in their 30s and one-person households, consisting only of couples, as of 2015. Regarding the social increase in single-person households and double-income couples, it is believed that the surge in neglect time and lack of training time that pets do not want is a problem. This paper conducted the development of hardware and software products for the training and management of companion animals using Lego Mind Storm. Lego mind Storm is equipped with a variety of sensors and can produce equipment to train or care pets with simple programming through easy assembly and visual scripting. It is also expected that switching to new equipment will be easy because it is well modularized. We hope that this study will help the training and management of pets when the expansion of the pet market becomes active through this study.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.116-127
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• 2013

Korea, like most of other countries, is enforcing the national pension as social insurance which is a kind of the income policy. Despite the fundamental limitation on public pension or the imperfect policy, the guarantee of the minimum living standard for maintaining dignity of human being is not being reached for the standard. Poverty rate of the elderly in Korea is the first among the OECD countries and public pension dead zone is very large. The elderly low income class could become a serious social problem if low fertility and aging keep getting worse. In this study, I will analyze the present condition of the retirement security for the elderly in South Korea. Also, I will look into the present situation of old-age income security and determine problems, and propose the improvement devices for related laws.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.62-66
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• 2009

In this paper, A localized electromotion scooter controller for the senior and disabled is developed. Recently, the population which uses the electromotion wheel chair or electromotion scooter is increasing. The reason is that the electromotion wheel chair and electromotion scooter were newly applied in medical treatment grant item. In the whole world, electromotion scooter controller is coming to be produced above a hundred of millions. The products produced are consuming from most Europe and North America. the demand is increasing rapidly in Korea. The electromotion scooter which is sold to domestic is about 40,000 units, and about 70% or more in the products are imported from the foreign nation. Also controller for electromotion scooter uses the foreign nation product. Consequently, as the localized electromotion scooter controller is developed, it will be able to expect an income substitution effect, and apply to the agriculture and leisure mobile equipment parts.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.30 no.7 s.155
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• pp.1103-1115
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• 2006

In this study, clothing consumption behaviors of Russian and Korean female college students were compared. Data were collected by conducting surveys in Russia and Korea. In results, Russian female college students spent considerably more money on clothing than did Korean students, compared to the income level. Korean consumers bought clothing mostly in the department stores, whereas Russian consumers preferred large shopping centers, discount stores and traditional markets to shop clothing. As important factors affecting clothing purchase decision, Russian consumers considered country of origin while Korean consumers considered style. Korean consumers were satisfied more on domestic brands than did Russian consumers while Russians were more satisfied with foreign brands than did Koreans. Russian consumers considered diverse factors in forming attitude and buying intention toward domestic and foreign brands. In contrast, Korean consumers' attitude and purchase intention were influenced much by style. Based on study results, marketing implications were provided.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.530-536
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to classify the clusters based on two behavioral intentions toward purchasing originals and counterfeits of foreign fashion luxury brands and to examine the differences in personality characteristics and demographics. This study included attitude toward counterfeit, consumer ethnocentrism, materialism, and need for uniqueness as personality characteristics and gender, monthly household income, and pocket money as demographics. Data were gathered by surveying university students living in Seoul metropolitan area using convenient sampling, and 320questionnaires were used in the statistical analysis. In analyzing data, cluster analysis, x-test, and One-way ANOVA were conducted. As a result of the cluster analysis based on two behavioral intentions toward purchasing originals and counterfeits, four groups were identified. There were significant differences in attitude toward counterfeit and materialism according to the purchasing intention clusters. x-tests also showed there were significant differences between the number of male and female subjects in each of the four clusters. Females are significantly more represented than females in all four clusters.