• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.101-109
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• 1997

Nine oat(Avena sativa L.) cultivars have been recommended as the govemment recommended forage cultivars since 1984, however, their forage performance and quality have mostly been tested at two locations, such as Suweon in the Middle Northwestem Coast Region and Sunghwan in the Middle Southwestern Coast Region. Therefore, the objective of this experiment was to retest the forage performance and quality of six government recommended oat cultivars at five scattered locations, such as Icheon, Suweon, Sunghwan, Keongsan and Kwangju fom 1992 to 1994 with the intention of improving recommendations to dairy farmers. Among the oat cultivars tested, "West" was the highest yielding cultivar at all locations in 1992-94, but the lowest yielding cultivars varied by location and year. At both Icheon and Suweon, "Cayuse", "Magnum" and "Foothill", at Sunghwan, "Cayuse" , "Ensiler" and "Foothill", at Keongsan, "Magnum", "Cayuse" and "Swan", and at Kwangju, "Cayuse", "Magnum" and "Cayuse", were the lowest yielding cultivars in 1993, 1994 and 1995, respectively. At all locations in 1992-94, "West" and "Swan" were the most advanced in growth stage, but "Cayuse", "Foothill", "Magnum" and "Ensiler" were the latest developing cultivars among the oats. Differences among the oat cultivars for the three-year mean NDF, ADF and IVDMD were small and inconsistent, but forage quality of the oats was generally lowest in the early developing cultivars and highest in the late developing cultivars. The govemment recommended oat cultivars tested were generally well adapted across the country, however, in forage production situations in the fall where high yield is more important, early maturing oat cultivars might be preferable to late cultivars because they have higher forage yield earlier in the fall.ction situations in the fall where high yield is more important, early maturing oat cultivars might be preferable to late cultivars because they have higher forage yield earlier in the fall.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.221-226
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• 2000

Cassia mimosoides var. nomame was grown at five seeding rates (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 kg/ha) from March 31 to September 21, 1998 at Cheju to determine influence of seeding rate on agronomic characters, and forage yield and quality. Days to flowering increased from 126 to 129 days as seeding rate increased from 10 to 50 kg/ha. The plant height increased from 86 to 99 cm as seeding rate was increased from 10 to 30 kg/hac and then decreased to 93 cm at a rate of 50 kglha. With increasing seeding rate, stem diameter quadratically decreased and the number of branches and green leaves per plant linearly decreased but the number of withering leaves per plant linearly increased. As seeding rate increased &om 10 to 30 kg/ha, fresh forage, dry matter, crude protein, and total digestible nutrients (TDN) yield increased 'from 30.7 to 49.1, 7.5 to 12.2, 0.90 to 1.57 and 4.09 to 7.09 MTha, respectively, and then decreased with further increased seeding rates. Crude protein, ether extract, nitrogen free extract, and TDN wntent increased 12.1 to 14.2% 2.2 to 2.9%, 35.1 to 39.2%, 54.8 to 60.3% respectively, but crude fiber wntent decreased 39.8 .to 33.3% and crude ash declined 4.9 to 3.8% as seeding rate increased from 10 to 50 kgiha. The optimum seeding rate to obtain the highest TDN yield was estimated to be 36kglha. (Key words : Cassia mimosoides var. nomame, Seeding rate, Forage yield, Forage quality)

• Plant Resources
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.11-15
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• 2003

To determine as optimal sowing time of forage rape in spring time in southern areas of Korea, forage rape cv. Velox, the highest yielding variety among introduced varieties of forage rape, was grown under five different sowing times. Yield components such as plant length, number of branches and number of leaves etc. were higher at the sowing time of Mar. 15 and Mar. 25. The plants sown at Mar. 15 and Mar. 25 also showed highest fresh and dry matter yield. When plants were grown under later sowing time, they showed higher values in content of crude protein and lower values in contents of crude fiber such as Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF), Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF), cellulose and lignin. There was no relationship between variation of In Vitro Dry matter Digestibility (IVDMD) and sowing time. The plants sown at Mar. 15 and Mar. 25 showed highest digestible dry matter yields.

• Plant Resources
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.170-173
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• 2004

To determine optimal plant density of forage rye in southern areas of Korea, forage rye cv. Paldanghomil, the highest yielding variety among experimental varieties of forage rye, was grown under five different plant density. Yield components such as plant height, and number of leaves were highest at the broad casting. Plants sown at broadcasting also showed highest fresh and dry matter yield. When plants were grown of the broad casting, they showed higher values in content of crude protein and lower values in contents of crude fiber such as neutral detergent fiber(NDF), acid detergent fiber(ADF), cellulose and lignin. There was no relationship between variation of in vitro dry matter digestibility(IVDMD) and plant density. Plants sown at the broad casting showed highest digestible dry matter yields.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.95-99
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• 2001

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is known to produce the highest total digestible mutrients (TDN) yield among summer grain legumes in Jeju area but little is known about the effects of cultural practices on forage yield and quality. A determinate soybean cv. Baegunkong was planted on 5 June, 20 June, and 3 July and grown at four plant densities (30, 50, 70 and 90 plants $m^{-2}$ in 1998 in Jeju to evaluate the effects of planting date and plant density on the yield and quality of soybean forage. Days to flowering decreased from 47 to 38 days, average plant height from 61 to 51cm and main stem diameter from 6.31 to 5.00mm as planting was delayed from 5 June to 3 July. Average plant height quadratically increased from 45 to 62cm as plant density increased from 30 to 90 plants $m^{-2}$. Planting date did not affect the average dry matter, crude protein, and TDN yields. The average dry matter and TDN yields displayed a quadratic response to plant density and the optimum plant density for both dry matter and TDN yields was estimated about 60 plants $m^{-2}$. Plant density had no effect on crude protein yield. Planting date did not significantly influence forage quality. The crude protein content was not significantly influenced by plant density. Increasing plant density slightly increased acid detergent fiber content but slightly decreased TDN content.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.165-168
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• 1988

This study was conducted at the rice field of Livestock Experiment station, Suweon to investigate the effects of harvesting time on forage production and quality of rye (Secale cereale L.) on paddies. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. Fresh matter yield was peaked at the 10 days (May 10) after heading, however, dry matter yield was increased in proportion to maturity. 2. Digestibility (in vitro) showed the 83-77% by heading stage (Apr. 25-30) but decreased to 66-58% after heading stage. 3. Digestible yield reached to maximum level, 619.2 kg/lOa at the 10 days after heading (May 10). 4. The content of crude protein and crude fat in forage rye was decreased with advancing the maturity. 5. The lactic acid content of rye silage ranged from 1.3% to 2.0%.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.970-977
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• 2006

Forage oat (Avena sativa L.) is grown extensively in a double-cropping system on dairy farms. Four oat varieties ('Swan', 'Targa', 'Foothill', and 'Nugene') were evaluated for forage production and forage quality during two growing seasons (spring and autumn) at two locations (central and southern region) in South Korea. The heading stage of four oat varieties was observed during spring, but the autumn season did not produce heading until harvest time except for the 'Swan' variety (early-maturing variety). The heading stage of 'Swan' in both locations was earlier compared to other varieties. The four varieties were resistant to both foliar disease and insects. Lodging resistance was higher during autumn except in 2002 at the central region, and late-maturing varieties ('Foothill' and 'Nugene') have lower lodging resistance. Dry matter (DM) content was significantly different between varieties (p<0.001). Comparing different varieties, 'Swan', an early-maturing variety, was highest in DM content. In DM, total digestible nutrients (TDN) and crude protein (CP) yield, the yield of oat varieties in the southern region was higher than in the central region, and forage yield of the oat varieties in the spring season was higher than during the autumn season. The DM and TDN yield showed significant differences between oat varieties. The CP content of oats grown in the central region (Cheonan) was lower than oats grown in the southern region (Daegu), and the spring season produced oats with lower CP compared to the autumn season. Among the four oat varieties, the CP content of late-maturing varieties was higher than the Swan variety (early-maturing variety). The acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) contents were higher for the varieties grown in Cheonan and during the spring season. The ADF and NDF contents of late-maturing varieties were lower than the early-maturing variety. TDN and relative feed value (RFV) were higher for the varieties grown in Daegu and during the autumn season. Late-maturing variety had higher TDN and RFV than early-maturing variety. Our study showed differences in forage production and forage quality of oats grown in different locations, seasons and varieties. Forage quality as well as forage production was better in the southern region than in the central region. Forage quality was better during autumn, but forage production was better during spring. Late-maturing variety had better forage quality than the early-maturing variety. Therefore, late-maturing varieties are more suitable for use in the southern region.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 1988

Insufficient herbage during the fall in the temperate areas of the world has been a serious limitation in animal production, but leafy brassicae are potentially very useful for extending the grazing season when the growth and quality of grass is poor. This study was conducted to determine the effects of cutting stage and N fertilization on dry matter (DM) yield, forage quality and chemical composition of forage rape (Brassica napus Subsp. oleifera). The experiment was conducted in the Experimental Livestock Farm of Seoul Nat'l Univ., at Suweon, during 1985- 1986. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. DM percentage and yield significantly increased as the growth period was prolonged and decreased as the N fertilization increased, but in-vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) was unaffected by the treatments. 2. Plant height, DM yield and $NO_3$-N content significantly increased as the rate of N fertilization increased and DM percentage decreased, but the IVDMD was unaffected. 3. The forage rape had high percentage of crude protein and ash. Glutamic acid, pro!ine and aspartic acid were the major amino acids. Concentration of P, Ca and Mg were high.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.275-282
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• 1996

This experiment was canied out to investigate the effect of pasture types(mixture and mono tall fescue pasture) and endophyte infection on the dry matter yield, forage quality and animal performance of pasture plants at the Experimental Field of Grassland and Forage Crops Division, National Livestock Research Institute, Suweon, in 1994. The results obtained are surmmarized as follows : DM yield of tall fescue monoculture was significantly higher(p<0.05) than that of mixture pasture, while DM yield of endophyte-infected pasture was significantly higher(p<0.05) than that of endophyte-free for two pasture types. Crude protein yield(CPY) of tall fescue monoculture was significantly higher(p<0.05) than that of mixture, and the higher CPY with endophyte-infect tall fescue for both pasture types resulted from higher DM yield of the pastures. NDF and ADF contents of pasture plants were not influenced by pasture types, and there was no difference for NDF and ADF contents between endophyte-infect and -free pasture mixture, however, those of pasture plants were increased with endophyte-infect tall fescue in monoculture. IVDMD of pasture plants was increased with mixture and endophyte-free tall fescue for both pasture types. IVDMD of pasture plants was greatly influenced by pasture types and endophyte infection. There were no significant differences in average daily gain of Korean native cattle between pasture types, but those of the cattle were significantly increased with endophyte-free tall fescue for both pasture types(p<0.05). Based on the results of this experiment, it is suggested that a slightly more forage yield could be obtained , from monoculture and endophyte-infected tall fescue. However, liveweight gain was increased by mixture and endophyte-free tall fescue with good quality.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.123-130
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• 2020

These experiments were to investigate the variations of rye on forage quality, productivity and β-carotene concentration affected by maturity in Pyeongchang region. Limited information are available about how forage quality and β-carotene content are affected by various factors. Samples were collected from rye harvested every 5 days, from April 25 to May 31 (April 25, April 30, May 4, May 9, May 15, May 21, May 25 and May 31). Dry matter (DM) content, plant height, DM yield and total digestible nutrient (TDN) yield increased continuously with the progressed maturity. However, crude protein (CP) content, in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and relative feed value (RFV) decreased markedly with the delay of harvesting, while TDN content decreased from April 25 till May 15, then followed by a stable fluctuation. Conversely, acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) value increased and then fluctuated slightly after blooming stage. For quality of plant parts, stem contained the lowest CP content and RFV value, and the highest ADF and NDF contents compared with other parts, while the grain showed the higher CP, IVDMD, RFV and lower fiber contents than others. With the plant matured, leaf proportion decreased while stem and grain proportion increased, and feed value of all the three parts decreased till blooming stage and followed by a stable phase. β-carotene concentration showed its highest on jointing stage, and then fell down sharply on the sequential stages. In conclusion, harvest around May 15 (blooming) is proper for forage rye if directly consumed by livestock as green chop in Pyeongchang under the consideration of both nutritive yield and forage quality.