• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.367-373
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• 2017

본 연구는 두 품종 배추(봄맛노랑 및 춘광)의 가공조건(신선배추, 절임배추, $4^{\circ}C$ 저장 김치 및 $20^{\circ}C$ 저장 김치)에 따른 GSL 및 ITC의 정성 정량 분석을 하였다. HPLC와 HPLC/MS분석 결과 봄맛노랑 및 춘광 배추에는 4종류의 GSL(sinigrin, gluconapin, glucobrassicanapin, 4-methoxyglucobrassicin)가 확인되었다. 신선배추의 총 GSL 함량은 봄맛노랑; $21.37{\pm}1.06{\mu}g/g$ DW, 춘광; $20.96{\pm}3.33{\mu}g/g$ DW에서 절임공정을 거쳐 봄맛노랑, 춘광이 각각 39%, 52% 감소하였다. 또한 김치로 가공하여 $20^{\circ}C$에 저장하였을 때 신선배추 대비 봄맛노랑, 춘광이 각각 83%, 56% 감소하여 GSL의 함량은 절임공정 및 숙성과정에서 크게 소실되는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 GC/MS분석 결과 봄맛노랑 및 춘광 배추에는 3종류의 ITC(2-phenylethyl ITC, 3-butenyl ITC, 4-pentenyl ITC)가 확인되었다. 2-Phenylethyl ITC는 봄맛노랑, 춘광에서 절임공정에 의하여 증가하였다가 $20^{\circ}C$에 저장하며 숙성되는 동안 다량 소실되었다. 3-Butenyl ITC은 절임공정에서부터 감소하는 경향을 나타냈으며, 김치로 저장하는 동안에는 크게 감소하지 않았다. 4-Pentenyl ITC는 신선배추에서만 발견되었다가 가공처리에 의해 완전히 소실되어 관찰되지 않았다. 본 연구는 향후 산업체에서 배추 가공식품의 기초자료로서 활용할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 1996년도 International Conference on Agricultural Machinery Engineering Proceedings
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• pp.334-343
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• 1996

Quality evaluation for food and agricultural products have always been one of the most elusive problems associated with the handling , processing and marketing in a food plant production. In order to detect physical foreign materials in food and agricultural products, non-destructive techniques have been developed for many years. Application of X-ray system to detect physical foreign materials in food and agricultural products could be considered to be a high potential method. Especially , it is impossible to detect internal physical foreign materials by visual inspections. In this study, it was tried to be applied for two different X-ray devices. Soft X-ray system with CdTe sensor and X-ray CT scanner were evaluated for advantage of the detection of non-meltallic foreign materials in food and agricultural products . Though the soft X-ray is not a high energy radiation, it is possible to detect small different density in a material. The CdTe sensor has a high resolution for t e soft X-ray energy region. The density characteristics of foods and foreign material were expressed region. The density characteristics of foods and foreign materials were expressed as a soft X-ray energy spectrum. The energy spectrum was analyzed by a personal computer with a multi-channel analyzer. X-ray CT scanner can provide visual image and analyze by three dimensional information inside food and agricultural products. The X-ray CT scanner using as a medical equipment was used to detect a foreign material. The density characteristics of food and foreign materials in food were tried to be detected by the threshold value on the basis of the CT numbers. The soft X-ray absorption characteristics for acrylin plates and distilled water were obtained and could be found the possibility of detecting a small physical foreign materials such as a plastic wrapping film , a stone and grasshopper in food and agricultural products.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.33-46
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• 1978

To get the goal of self-supply of food grain, improvement of post-harvest grain operations in rural area is under consideration as an important task of agriculture in Korea. This is study is focused on elimination of losses and deteriorations of grain and reduction of labour requirements and funds for post-harvest grain operations. The purpose of this study are presentation of basic data referring to conventional post-harvest grain operations in rural area and suggestion of improving methods for the operations, and also finding out reasonable operating processes of the operations. The result of this study are follows; 1. Grain drying in-the-filed which is performed before threshing has major factors of grain loss during drying, and so should be restrained as possible. Combine harvesting system is recommended among other king of mechanized harvesting systems for restraining in-the-field drying and securing available labors for drying. 2. It is predicted that mechanical grain drying could be prevalent when combine harvesting is taken place. Recommended grain drier for pre-combine harvesting system and for combine harvesting system is batch-type drier and circulating -type drier, respectively. 3. As existing farm storages for grain have insufficient spaces and offer poor conditions for grain storing , it is greatly needed to build up new storage which store only grains. And it is concluded that storing grain in community common storages in desirable. 4. Power supplying system for milling machinery in local milling plants, that a large capacity prime mover supplies power to 4 to 6 kinds of milling machinery simultaeously, should be converted to a system of several small capacity prime movers supplying power to each machiner y for the purpose of reducing extra consumption of energy. 5. Governmental grain, of which Korean farms produced, should be milled and stored in the local milling plant successively for the purpose of reducing transportation fee and stroing facilities. 6. Furture post-havest grain operations-drying, storing and milling should be periormed successively in he community common plant. And average optimum processing capacity of the plant is estimated about 300 metric ton of grain every year.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.163-168
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• 2013

Iris odaesanensis Y. N. Lee. is an important endangered and native plant belonging to the family Iridaceae in Korea. This study describes a method for rapid micropropagation of this species via from leaf, rhizome and root explants derived calli. Leaf, rhizome and root explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) for callus induction. Rhizome explants yielded calli at a frequency of 72% when cultured at 1.0 mg/l 2,4-D. Calli were maintained at 1.0 mg/l 2,4-D. These calli were transferred to MS medium supplemented with 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/l 2,4-D in combination with 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 3.0 mg/l BA for adventitious shoot induction. The highest number of adventitious shoot (228.9 per petri-dish) were formed at 1.0 mg/l 2,4-D and 1.0 mg/l BA. WPM medium was the best to convert calli into plantlets, where up to 98.2% of calli were regenerated into plantlets. This in vitro propagation protocol should be useful for conservation of this endangered plant.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제68권4호
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• pp.294-303
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• 2023

Lipoxygenase gives soybeans their grassy flavor, which can disrupt food processing efficiency. This study aimed to identify soybean genotypes with lipoxygenase deficiency among 1,001 soybean accessions and to develop kompetitive allele specific PCR (KASP) markers that can detect lipoxygenase mutations. Three lipoxygenase isozymes (Lox1, Lox2, and Lox3) were analyzed using a colorimetric assay based on a substrate-enzyme reaction. Among the 1,001 accessions examined, two (IT160160 and IT276392) exhibited a deficiency solely in Lox1, and one (IT269984) lacked both Lox1 and Lox2. IT160160 had a 74-bp deletion in exon 8 of Lox1 (Glyma13g347600), whereas IT276392 displayed a missense mutation involving the change of C to A at position 2,880 of Lox1. Moreover, we successfully developed four KASP markers that specifically target Lox1, Lox2, and Lox3 mutations. To validate the Lox1 KASP markers, we used two F_2:3 populations generated through a cross between Daepung 2 (lipoxygenase wild type, maternal parent), IT160160, and IT276392 (null Lox1, paternal parent). The results revealed that the Daepung 2 × IT160160 group followed the expected 3:1 ratio according to Mendel's law, whereas the Daepung 2 × IT276392 group did not. Furthermore, a comparison between the colorimetric and KASP marker analyses results revealed a high agreement rate of 96%. KASP markers offer a distinct advantage by allowing the distinction of heterozygous types independent of other variables. As a result, we present an opportunity to expedite the lipoxygenase-deficient cultivar development.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.272-279
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• 2003

산야채를 이용하여 추출물 발효식품을 제조하는데 있어서 적합한 발효기간을 설정하기 위하여 발효기간의 경과에 따른 발효액의 성분과 품질특성, 효소활성과 생리기능성의 변화를 조사하였다. 발효기간이 경과함에 따라 pH와 $^{\circ}Bx$는 점차 낮아졌으며, 점도는 감잎 추출물 발효액을 제외하고는 3개월 경과시 현저히 낮아졌다. 색도는 발효기간이 증가함에 다라 L값과 a값은 증가되고, b값은 감소되는 경향이었다. 발효액 중의 amylase 효소활성은 발효 6개월이 경과하면서 발효 전에 비하여 $167{\sim}800%$ 수준으로 증가하였고, invertase는 발효 초기에는 활성이 거의 없었으나 1개월 경과시에 $60{\sim}170$ units의 약한 활성을 나타내었으며, cellulase는 거의 활성을 나타내지 않았다. 총 페놀함량과 항산화활성도는 발효가 진행됨에 따라 증가하여 $3{\sim}4$개월시 가장 높았고, 그 이후에는 감소하는 경향이었다. Tyrosinase 저해활성은 쑥을 제외한 모든 발효액에서 활성을 나타내었으며, 발효기간에 따라 큰 변화가 없었다. SOD 유사활성은 아카시아와 감잎 발효액에서 각각 $23.1{\sim}25.1%,\;26.8{\sim}29.2%$의 약한 활성을 나타내었으며, 발효 기간에 따라 큰 변화가 없었다. 관능적인 특성을 조사하였을 때 쑥은 발효 기간에 따라 큰 차이가 없었고, 솔잎은 발효기간이 증가되면서 맛과 냄새의 강도가 높아졌으며, 전체적인 기호도가 발효 3개월에서 가장 좋은 것으로 평가되었다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 산야채 추출물의 발효기간은 $3{\sim}4$개월 정도가 적합할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.41-46
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• 1977

1. 무환자(無患子)나무종자중(種字中)의 유지함량(油脂含量)은 45.7%로서 콩, 참깨, 땅콩에 비해서 많은 편에 속한다. 2. 지방산(脂肪酸)은 Oleic acid(61.6%)와 Gadoleic acid(20.4%)로서 주요성분(主要成分)을 이루고 있고 monoene산(酸)이 전체지방산(全體脂肪酸)의 82%를 차지하고 있는것이 특징적(特徵的)이다. 3. Amino산조성(酸組成)은 Glutamic acid의 함량(含量)이 6.673%로서 가장높고 대체적으로 필수(必須) amino산(酸)인 Isoleucine(1.255%), Leucine(2.145%), Lysine(2.191%), Phenylalanine(1.536%), Threonine(1.171%), Valine(1.772%)등이 함량(含量)이 높았다. 4. Sterol조성(組成)은 4-desmethyl sterol, 4-monomethyl sterol fraction에서 다 같이 일반고등식물중(一般高等植物中) 성분(成分)과 대차(大差)가 없었으며 단지 4-monomethyl sterol fraction에 있는 RRT 1.27(31.5%)의 미동정물질(未同定物質)이 있다는 것이 특이(特異)하였다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.492-497
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• 2006

Feasibility of simultaneous removal of organic materials and nitrogen in the wastewater from fisheries processing plant was evaluated using entrapped mixed microbial cell (EMMC) process. The experiment was performed using activated sludge from municipal sewage treatment plant which was immobilized with gel matrix by cellulose triacetate. It was found the stable operation at the treatment system which is composed of anoxic and oxic tank, was possible when the organic and nitrogen loading rates were increased stepwise. The organic and nitrogen loading rates were conducted from 0.65 to $1.72kgCOD/m^3/d$ and from 0.119 to $0.317kg\;T-N/m^3/d$ with four steps, respectively. The maximum nitrogen loading rate which could satisfy the regulated effluent standard of nitrogen concentration, was $0.3kg\;T-N/m^3/d$. The removal efficiency of total nitrogen was decreased apparently as increasing nitrogen loading rates, whereas the removal efficiency of ammonium nitrogen was effective at the all tested nitrogen loading rates. Therefore, it was concluded that nitrification was efficient at the system. Nitrate was removed efficiently at the anoxic tank. whereas the nitrification efficiency at the oxic tank ranged 94.0% to 96.9% at the tested loading rates. The removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and those of total nitrogen at the entire system ranged from 94.2% to 96.6% and 73.4% to 83.4%, respectively.

• 식품기술
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.91-97
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• 2005

Nowaday, in Vietnam there are two types of medical services which have coexisted. These are Western medicine or Tay Y and Eastern medicine or Dong Y (this is also known as Oriental medicine). Dong Y is includes Chinese traditional medicine (TCM) or Thuoc Bac and Vietnamese traditional medicine (TVM) or Thuoc nam. In its’ history, Vietnam was dominated by feudal China in more than 1000 years, so that Vietnamese people was impacted much by Chinese thought, culture and medicine of course. Traditional Chinese and Traditional Vietnamese Medicine differ in practice, though they share the same theoretical foundation. Their relationship can be observed by the influence of TCM theories on the TVM which are Yin and Yang, Five Elements. In practice, TCM practitioners usually spend more time giving their patients a sort of theoretical explanation of what's going on, whereas TVM practitioners would use a more practical approach and concentrate less on theory. TVM was popular in common life of working people, generally using ingredients readily available nearby and involving a minimum of processing. Most knowledge was passed unselfconsciously from one generation to the next. It can be said that Vietnamese people are based on theories of TCM and available tropical plant sand animals native to Vietnam to built and develop TVM with it’s own character. The following are some plants are using in normal life of Vietnamese people as food or drink with well-being effect(1,2).

• 급식외식위생학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.49-58
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• 2022

The objectives of this study were to investigate the behavior characteristics of pathogenic E. coli, Salmonella Typhimurium, Campylobacter jejuni, and Listeria monocytogenes in various kinds of meat (beef, chicken, and pork) and to compare their risk using FDA-iRISK. The growth of S. Typhimurium in chicken and pathogenic E. coli in pork and beef was well supported and posed a high risk. A similar trend was observed in the risk comparison results using the iRISK. When comparing total disability adjusted life years (DALY) per year based on the kinds of meat, chicken was the highest (88.2), followed by pork (58.5) and beef for "yukhoe" (18.8). When comparing scenarios grouped by bacteria, The highest total DALYs per year was observed with pathogenic E. coli (121), followed by S. Typhimurium (44.8) and L. monocytogenes (1.67E-³). These results indicate that the risk of combining meat and foodborne pathogens varies under the same distribution environment. Thus, strict management and supervision are required to store and deliver raw meat to prevent cross-contamination among the raw meats at the processing plant and retail market.