• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.99-111
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• 2018

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to identify the effects of sympathetic conversation on stress, anxiety and depression, and muscle tone in chronic stroke patients. METHODS: Patients were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (EG, n=7) or control group (CG, n=7). Both groups participated in a pretest before intervention. Subjects were asked to undergo: 1) electroencephalogram, 2) Stress Response Inventory, 3) Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, 4) muscle tone and stiffness testing. After the pretest, EG received sympathetic conversation and CG received a simple explanation about stroke recovery and rehabilitation. Following the intervention, both groups were immediately administered a post test. RESULTS: In EG, the electroencephalogram relative alpha power was significantly increased (p<.05), while the electroencephalogram relative gamma power was significantly decreased (p<.05). The Stress Response Inventory and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale scores decreased significantly in both groups (p<.05). In addition, muscle tone and stiffness decreased significantly in the EG (p<.05) CONCLUSION: The results of the present study indicate that sympathetic conversation had a positive effect on stress, anxiety and depression, and muscle tone in patients with chronic stroke. Therefore, sympathetic conversation could be used to improve not only psychological problems in chronic stroke patients including stress and anxiety, but also physical conditions including muscle tone.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.283-292
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to analyze and compare the color characteristics of preferred summer clothing textiles, such as shirts, blouse, slacks and skirt. 109 male and female college students evaluated the preference to clothing textiles in previous research and top 10 kinds of textiles were chosen for each clothing item. To analyze the color characteristics of preferred textiles, spectral data were measured with spectrophotometer. By the results, color and color tone, value of L, a, b according to clothing item and season were compared. Chromaticity diagram was drawn, too. The results of this study are as following: 1. Color characteristics of shirts textile college student preferred for summer was PB color and p tone. The textile, in general, represented simple color that is close to achromatic color with light and soft shade. 2. The most preferred color of blouse textiles was G color and It, d tone. The color characteristics of blouse textiles represented stronger and more brilliant than those of shirts. 3. For slacks, colors of preferred summer textiles were mostly B, YR color and p, It.g, dk tone. Therefore, preferred textiles for slacks represented simple bluish or brownish color that is close to achromatic color with light or dark shade. 4. The most preferred color of skirt textiles were Y, R color and It tone. Skirt textiles had various colors compared to slacks. 5. College students generally prefer simple cold color that is close to achromatic color, because shirts and slacks have high frequency of wearing. In color tone, light and soft tone were preferred for shirts, and for slacks, they preferred light or dark tone. Comparatively, blouse and skirt which have low frequency of wearing represented various colors which contain more brilliant and stronger toned warm colors. 6. By the result of analyzing L, a, b value, shirts and blouse textiles showed higher L value than those of slacks and skirt. The textiles preferred by college students were generally close to achromatic color, because values of a, b were very low. This was confirmed with the result of chromaticity diagram. 7. In pattern of preferred textiles, solid textile were preferred mostly for shirt, blouse, skirt and slacks, and stripe pattern was preferred secondly.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.301-309
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• 2019

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to provide an effective method of exercise therapy for patients with cervicogenic headache. Methods : The subjects were divided into the following two groups according to the intervention received: cervical stretch exercise (n=15, control group) cervix-stabilizing exercise (n=15, experimental group) tone (Hz) and stiffness (N/m) of the suboccipital and upper trapezius muscles were measured. T1 slope angle and neck tilt angle were measured. After the exercise program intervention, a greater amount of change in muscle tone and stiffness of suboccipital and upper trapezius muscles was found in the experimental group, as compared to the control group. Greater amount of change in posture was found in the experimental group, as compared to the control group (p<0.05). Results : After the exercise program intervention, a greater amount of change in muscle tone and stiffness of suboccipital and upper trapezius muscles was found in the experimental group, as compared to the control group. Greater amount of change in posture was found in the experimental group, as compared to the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion : The neck-stabilizing exercise were shown to be effective in decreasing the tone of the cervical muscles by stabilizing the cervical bone and improving muscle activity, and in improving the posture by decreasing muscle tone and stiffness.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.11-23
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• 1990

In order to investigate the acoustical characteristics of the Hae-keum (Korean traditional musical instrument) tone quality, the spectrum and wave form of Hae-keum sounds were analyzed by the FFT Analyzer. The analysis was carried out by the varying of the tension of Hae-keum strings, the positions of bridge and the top plate's thickness of Hae-keum respectively. According to the experiment, the following results are obtained ; the over tone's amplitude nearby the top plate resonance frequency is greater than the fundamental tone's amplitude because the top plate resonance frequency is higher than the fundamental tone's frequency. Tone qualities are better when the bridge is situated in the middle of top plate and the tension of strings is larger. The inharmonicity coefficient of the Hae-keum's second string is 0.049 cents/$n^2$. The brilliance and richness is poor, because we seldom found the over tone over 5kHz and the inharmonicity of the Hae-keum is greater than that of a violin. Also we confirmed that we are able to get the best tone quality in 4.5mm thickness of the Hae-keum's top plate.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.275-278
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• 1992

One hundred sixty three (163) animals were used in $2{\times}2$ and $3{\times}2$ factorial experiment in randomized complete block design (RCBD) to determine the effect of clitoral stimulation during timed inseminations on the fertility of Philippine swamp buffaloes (carabaos). There were 3 separate trials conducted with two treatment groups per trial : control and with 30 second clitoral stimulation after each insemination. Parity, tone of uterus and site of semen deposition were also used as criteria in subdividing the main groups. The pregnancy rates of animals that received clitoral stimulation were significantly (p<0.05 or p<0.01) higher than those of control for both caraheifers (52.98 vs 31.41%) and caracows (52.68 vs 27.07%) ; under all uterine conditions : tone 1 (53.33 vs 31.75%), tone 2 (35.83 vs 22.82%) and tone 3 (75.65 vs 42.44%) ; and in both site of semen placement, cervix (43.99 vs 22.85%) and uterus (60.92% vs 37.81%). Fertility was also significantly (p<0.05) higher when semen was deposited in the uterus (49.37%) than in the cervix (33.42%). Interaction effect was insignificant. Clitoral stimulation should be utilized as a routine procedure following artificial insemination in carabaos.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.27-33
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• 2018

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to identify the relationships among stress response inventory, hospital anxiety and depression, muscle tone and stiffness, and hand strength in chronic stroke patients. METHODS: A total of 14 chronic stroke patients voluntarily agreed to this experiment and were included in this study. All measurements were performed in one day and in a room without noise. The tests conducted in this study were as follows: muscle tone and stiffness of the upper trapezius hand grip measurement. Subjects were also asked to complete surveys describing the following: stress response inventory and hospital anxiety and depression scale. RESULTS: There were significant correlations among stress response inventory and hospital anxiety and depression, stress response inventory and hand strength, and hospital anxiety and depression and hand strength (P<.05). There were high positive correlations between stress response inventory and hospital anxiety and depression (r=.979), while there were moderate negative correlations between stress response inventory and hand strength (r=-.415) and between hospital anxiety and depression and hand strength (r=-.420). CONCLUSION: The results of the present study indicate that there is a relationship among stress response inventory, hospital anxiety and depression, and hand strength in patients with chronic stroke.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.84-91
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of submerged relaxation therapy for the spasticity on the affected side in three subjects with post-stroke hemiparesis. A single-subject alternating design with multiple baselines across individuals was employed in this study. Each subject alternately participated in a range of motion exercises on the mat and in the pool, and relaxation exercises in the pool. The muscle tone of the affected side was measured using the tone assessment scale (TAS). Measurements were made immediately and one hour following the intervention. The findings showed a therapeutic effect of submerged relaxation exercise on reducing spasticity for all subjects. The effect of submerged relaxation exercise on decreasing muscle tone was maintained for one hour measurements after the submerged relaxation exercise, although the mean TAS score assessed one hour after intervention was higher than that assessed immediately. The results of this study suggest that submerged relaxation exercise has a positive effect on decreasing spasticity on the affected side in persons suffering from post-stroke hemiparesis. Future research on submerged relaxation exercise should focus on objective evaluation and functional the aspects relevant to activities of daily living.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.231-240
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• 2019

Purpose : This study aimed to determine whether resistance exercise using elastic bands for 6 weeks could improve the muscle strength, muscle tone, balance and gait among stroke patients. Methods : A total of 11 stroke patients who had agreed to participate in the study were randomly divided into 3 groups receiving elastic band resistance training on their less affected side (experimental group 1, n=4), affected side (experimental group 2, n=3), and both the sides (experimental group 3, n=4). Muscle strength, muscle tone, balance and gait were assessed using a hand-held dynamometer, the modified ashworth scale (MAS), the berg balance scale (BBS), and G-walk respectively, before and after training. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to analyze intergroup changes after the intervention, whereas the Kruskal Wallis H test, and Mann-Whitney U test were used to analyze intergroup changes in all variables. Results : Strength in all the muscle, except for the flexor and extensor muscles in the affected knees, was increased in all the groups, however, no significant difference was observed. No change in the muscle tone (MAS) was found in any group. All the groups showed increased BBS scores walking speed, and walking symmetry following training, although, the differences were not significant. Changes in the affected step length of experimental group 1 were significantly greater than those of experimental group 3, whereas changes in the affected step length in experimental group 3 were significantly greater than those of experimental group 2. Conclusion : Our results suggest that resistance exercise using elastic bands are a potential intervention for improving lower extremity muscle strength, balance, and gait among stoke patients.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.109-130
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• 2009

This study examines the rotor characteristics of Guybang culture (women's living in Joseon) relics which the life images and mental world of women in Joseon if expressed to prepare rotor data to be utilized in modern design and information for color identity establishment of Korean women culture. The result of this study is as following: 1. From 176 pieces of relic photos, total of 1380 color chips were extracted. For color analysis, 1368 units (99.1%) of color data excluding achromatic 12 units (0.9%) among 1380 units of colors were used. With the standard of 10 color wheel of Munsell Color System, the result of studying distributions according to frequency, red was the highest by 25.9%, yellow was 21.4% in women's goods in Joseon period which the ratio of red and yellow was 473%. Other than that, GY 14.6%, YR 11.3% and RP 11.1% followed next which is studied that the warm colors that conveys enjoyable and glamorous feelings composed 84.3%; 2. As a result of tone analysis, high value low chroma ltg color showed highest distribution of 20% and d was 12.2%, b was 11.7% and sf was 8.8%. Generally, it showed high frequency in high value cocors such as ltg, sf and b of 40.5%t and in low chroma (ltg) and medium chroma (d, sf) of 41% and colors in bright and calm image was used the most. 3. As a result of analyzing relationship between hue & tone, the ltg tone of Y close to white in traditional color sensibility showed the highest frequency of 9.6% and ltg tone of GY(6.4%), b tone of RP(6.1%), and v(5.4%), b(5.4%), dp(5.3%) of R followed next. 4. As a result of analyzing the characteristics of coloring, it showed that in case of coloring contrasting hues, it is adjusted similar tones and in case of coloring less contrasting hue, the difference in tone is adjusted to be rather large to make harmonized coloring. Moreover, in case of coloring similar hues, the ratio of using same tone and similar tone was large which the coloring of calm image and dynamic image is all used.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.1044-1051
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• 2018

In this paper, we propose a new method to improve low light image. In order to improve the image quality of a night image with a moving object as much as the quality of a daytime image, the following tasks were performed. Firstly, we reduce the noisy of the input night image and improve the night image by the tone mapping method. Secondly, we segment the input night image into a foreground with motion and a background without motion. The motion is detected using both the difference between the current frame and the previous frame and the difference between the current frame and the night background image. The background region of the night image takes pixels from corresponding positions in the daytime image. The foreground regions of the night image take the pixels from the corresponding positions of the image which is improved by the tone mapping method. Experimental results show that the proposed method can improve the visual quality more clearly than the existing methods.