• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.183-188
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the appropriateness of various follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) starting doses in expected normal responders based on the nomogram developed by La Marca et al. Methods: A total of 117 first in vitro fertilization cycles performed from 2011 to 2017 were selected. All women were expected normal responders and used a recombinant FSH and flexible gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist protocol. The FSH starting dose was empirically determined (150, 225, or 300 IU). The FSH starting dose indicated by La Marca's nomogram was determined using female age and serum $anti-M{\ddot{u}}llerian$ hormone or basal FSH levels. If the administered dose was exactly the same as the proposed dose, the cycle was assigned to the concordant group (34 cycles). If not, it was assigned to the discordant group (83 cycles). Optimal ovarian response was defined as a total of 8-14 oocytes, hypo-response as < 8 oocytes, and hyper-response as > 14 oocytes. Results: Between the concordant and discordant group, ovarian response (optimal, 32.4% vs. 27.7%; hypo-response, 55.9% vs. 54.2%; and hyper-response, 11.8% vs. 18.1%) and the number of total or mature oocytes were similar. Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome was rare in both groups (0% vs. 1.2%). The implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, miscarriage rate, and live birth rate were all similar. Conclusion: The use of the proposed FSH starting dose determined using La Marca's nomogram did not enhance the optimal ovarian response rate or pregnancy rate in expected normal responders. Individualization of the FSH starting dose by La Marca's nomogram appears to have no distinct advantages over empiric choice of the dose in expected normal responders.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.509-520
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• 1995

The effect of water extract of antler on serum level of female hormones was investigated in ovariectemized rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were ovariectomized(ox). After a further 40 days the animals were administrated with water extract of antler (625mg/kg daily) for 10, 20 and 30 days, respectively. Serum level of estradiol, progesterone, leutenizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone were measured. Significant increase of serum estradiol level was elicited at 20 and 30 days after treatment with water extract of antler, respectively, Associated with the increase of serum estradiol level, there was a concomitant decrease in serum follicle stimulating hormone level. Serum progesterone level was also significantly increased at 30 days after treatment with water extract of antler. Although serum leutenizing hormone level of ox rats treated with water extract of anther was slightly lower than that of untreated ox rats, the decrease was not significant.

• The Korean journal of sports medicine
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.214-220
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to study changes in pituitary hormone in anterior lobe and thyroid hormone before, after, and during recovery time in severe 100 km ultramarathon. Methods: Healthy middle-aged runners (age, $52.0{\pm}4.8$ years) participated in the test. Grade exercise test is done, and then blood is taken from those participants before and after completing 100 km ultramarathon at the intervals of 24 hours (1 day), 72 hours (3 days), and 120 hours (5 days) to analyze their luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and free thyroxine (Free T4). Results: For LH, it decreased more significantly at 100 km than pre-race. However, after 1 day result increased more than that of 100 km. At 3 days, it was significantly higher than pre-race and 100 km, recovering at 5 days. In terms of FSH, it decreased at 100 km, 1 day, and 3 days more than pre-race but recovered at 5 days. TSH was higher at 1 day and 5 days compared to pre-race. T3 was only higher at 100 km than pre-race. T4 was higher till 5 days at 100 km than pre-race. Free T4 increased more significantly at 100 km than pre-race. Conclusion: In terms of severe long distance running, LH and FSH which belong to hormone from anterior lobe as well as T3, T4, and Free T4 which belong to thyroid hormone showed their variation within the standard range. However, TSH showed abnormal increase from enhanced concentration of blood after marathon becoming hyper-activation even during the recovery period.

• 대한생식의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1995.12a
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• pp.66.1-66.1
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• 1995

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.125-130
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• 1993

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) patients have a characteristic of high leuteinizing hormone (LH) to follicle -stimulating hormone (FSH) ratio. Usually, human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) is used to induce ovulation in clomiphene citrate-resistant PCOS patients. However, HMG contains two components, namely, LH and FSH, with 50%, respectively. Therefore, FSH is theoretically recommended to stimulate follicular maturation. From the pituitary, LH is secreted by pulsatile pattern. So, we have been using intermittent subcutaneous injection of pure FSH for ovulation induction in 10 PCOS patients from March, 1990 to August, 1992. We obtained good results by intermittent subcutaneous injection of pure FSH. Ovulation is 100% per patient, and 88.2% per cycle. Pregnancy rate is 80% per patient, and 23.5% per cycle. Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is 50% per patient, 41.2% per all cycles, and 46.7% per all ovulated cycles. In comparison with HMG, pregnancy rate per cycle is relatively low. But, ovulation rate and pregnacy rate per person is higher than HMG. Because of the strict check of ovaries by the vaginal ultrasonography, OHSS rate is relatively high.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.201-208
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• 1991

Recently the application of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist to superovulation in previous poor responders has resulted in the improved outcomes after in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcome. However, poor responders with poor estradiol $(E_2)$ rise or single dominant follicle are a particularly challenging group. Recent reports have also shown that patients with higher basal serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) level, result in poorer ovarian response and lower pregnancy rate. Analysis of the differences of superovulation outcomes according to the different protocols of GnRH agonist, long (L, n = 18) and short (S, n = 16) protocols, in patients with high basal FSH levels (>20mIU/ml) were undertaken at Seoul National University Hospital from June to October 1990. The administration of GnRH agonist was begun on day 21 of the cycle in long protocol, and on day 2 in short protocol. Ages of patients and husbands, basal FSH and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels and FSH/LH ratio did not differ significantly. Types and causes of infertility were evenly distributed. Whereas the duration of stimulation and the amounts of gonadotropins administered were significantly reduced in short protocol, the numbers of oocytes retrieved and cleaved, the cleavage rate and the number of embryos transferred were higher in long protocol without statistical signifieance. The pregnancy rate per ET was 16.7% (2/12) in short protocol, and 17.6% (3/17) in long protocol. These data suggest that both protocols result in the similar superovulation outcomes in patients with higher basal serum FSH levels.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Embryo Transfer Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.100-100
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• 2002

As an preliminary experiment for making transgenic animals producing human follicle stimulating hormone (hFSH), we tried to express recombinant hFSH gene in vitro. hFSH is a heterodimeric glycoprotein hormone produced in the anterior pituitary gland. The hormone is essential in the regulation of reproductive processes, such as follicular development and ovulation. Genes encoding the common gonadotrophin alpha subunit and FSH-specific beta subunit were inserted into retroviral vectors under the control of the rat beta actin promoter. Gene transfer to the Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells was done by infection of the retroviruses harvested from PT67 packaging cells transfected with recombinant retrovirus vector DNA. After selection with G4l8, PCR and RT-PCR analyses of the G4l8-resistant CHO cells showed successful transfer and expression of both ${\alpha}$ and ${\beta}$ fragments of the FSH gene.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 1977

Radioiodine labelled human follicle stimulating hormone has been prepared using chloramine-T, with the approximate labelling yield of 65%. The labelled product is purified by means of a starch gel electrophoresis, and a Sephadex gel filtration, and the separation efficiencies are assessed for the effective use in radioimmunoassay. The results indicate that the gel filtration is efficient in view of the separation time, simplicity and bindability of the labelled hormone to the antibody. In determining the ratio of the free to the antibody hound labelled hormone, a double antibody technique is applied in comparison with a chromatoelectrophoresis. The ratio could be obtained only in the case of applying the double antibody technique.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.116-126
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of these cases is to report the effects of oriental medicine on two patients with premature ovarian failure. Methods: Two patients who had amenorrhea and hot flashes caused by premature ovarian failure were treated by oriental medicine such as herb medication. We estimated the effects of treatments by follow-up measurements of serum hormone level, menstrual cycle and symptoms. Besides, follicle and endometrium were checked by ultrasonography for academic research.Results After treatments, their symptoms of premature ovarian failure were improved and the menstrual cycle resumed. And the level of serum Follicle Stimulating Hormone decreased and the level of serum E₂ increased.Conclusions Two cases shows that oriental medicine has effects on patients with premature ovarian failure by follow-up measurements of serum hormone level, menstrual cycle and symptoms.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.135-141
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• 2022

Objective: This study investigated the impact of two stimulation protocols using highly purified human menopausal gonadotropin (HP-hMG) on the endocrine profile, follicular fluid soluble Fas levels, and outcomes of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles. Methods: This prospective clinical trial included 100 normal-responder women undergoing ovarian stimulation for ICSI; 55 patients received concomitant follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) plus HP-hMG from the start of stimulation, while 45 patients received FSH followed by HP-hMG during mid/late follicular stimulation. The primary outcome was the number of top-quality embryos. The secondary outcomes were the number and percentage of metaphase II (MII) oocytes and the clinical pregnancy rate. Results: The number of MII oocytes was significantly higher in the concomitant protocol (median, 13.0; interquartile range [IQR], 8.5-18.0 vs. 9.0 [8.0-13.0] in the consecutive protocol; p=0.009); however, the percentage of MII oocytes and the fertilization rate were significantly higher in the consecutive protocol (median, 90.91; IQR, 80.0-100.0 vs. 83.33 [75.0-93.8]; p=0.034 and median, 86.67; IQR, 76.9-100.0 vs. 77.78 [66.7-89.9]; p=0.028, respectively). No significant between-group differences were found in top-quality embryos (p=0.693) or the clinical pregnancy rate (65.9% vs. 61.8% in the consecutive vs. concomitant protocol, respectively). The median follicular fluid soluble Fas antigen level was significantly higher in the concomitant protocol (9,731.0 pg/mL; IQR, 6,004.5-10,807.6 vs. 6,350.2 pg/mL; IQR, 4,382.4-9,418.4; p=0.021). Conclusion: Personalized controlled ovarian stimulation using HP-hMG during the late follicular phase led to a significantly lower response, but did not affect the quality of ICSI.