• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.257-264
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• 2019

최근 이더넷 신호를 융통성 있게 구성하도록 하는 FlexE는 OTN을 통해 투명하게 전달하기 위하여 OTN으로 수용하는 것을 ITU-T에서 권고하고 있다. FlexE신호를 OTN 페이로드로 맵핑할 때 발생할 수 있는 비트율 차이를 보상하기 위하여 유휴 코드워드를 제거하거나 삽입하는 방법을 사용한다. 그러나 이와 같은 방법을 구현하기 위해 필요한 세부적인 기능 블록은 아직 공개되고 있지 않다. 본 논문에서는 최근 ITU-T 요구사항을 기초로 하여 400G급을 기준으로 FlexE 신호의 OTN 맵핑을 위한 세부적인 기능 블록을 살펴보았다. 또한 세부 기능 블록을 바탕으로 유휴 코드워드의 제거 및 삽입되는 발생 특성을 얻기 위하여 수학적인 분석을 하였고, 이를 이용한 시뮬레이션을 결과를 보였다.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.119-128
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• 2010

오늘날 컴퓨터 사용 환경은 사용자 지향형의 RIA(Rich Internet Application)로 발전되고 있다. Flex 프레임워크는 RIA의 대표적 개발 방법으로써 메인프레임과 C/S(Client/Server) 구조의 단점을 극복하였다. 그러나 메모리 관리의 난해함, 바인딩 구조의 복잡함, 컴파일 결과물이 큰 용량을 지니고 있다는 점 등 다양한 문제점을 안고 있다. 본 논문에서는 Flex 플랫폼에서 사용자 지향의 웹 어플리케이션을 신속하고 정확하게 개발할 수 있는 프레임워크를 구현하는 데 목적을 두고 있다. DDX(Dynamic Data eXchange) 프레임워크는 Flex 플랫폼에서 효율적이고 표준화된 개발 환경을 제시한다. 다양한 업무 분야에서 적용할 수 있는 확장성을 갖춘 라이브러리를 활용하여 성능 향상과 개발 생산성을 증대시켜 안정적인 시스템을 구축할 수 있도록 한다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1944-1947
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• 2005

In this paper, the control of a prosthetic arm using the flex sensor signal is described. The flex sensors are attached to the biceps and triceps brchii muscle. The signals are passed a differential amplifier and noise filter. And then the signals are converted to digital data by PCI 6036E ADC. From the data, position and velocity of arm joint are obtained. Also motion of the forearm - flexion and extension, the pronation and supination are abstracted from the data by proposed algorithm. A two D.O.F arm with RC servo-motor is designed for experiment. The arm length is 200 mm, weight is 4.5 N. The rotation angle of elbow joint is $120^{\circ}$. Also the rotation angle of the wrist is $180^{\circ}$. Through the experiment, we verified the possibility of the prosthetic arm control using the flex sensor signal. We will try to improve the control accuracy of the prosthetic arm continuously.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.153-168
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• 2005

The purposes of this study were to determine the influence of midsole hardness and sole thickness of sports shoes on ball flex angle and position with increment of running velocity. The subjects employed for this study were 10 college students who did not have lower extremity injuries for the last one year and whose running pattern was rearfoot striker of normal foot. The shoes used in this study had 3 different midsole hardness of shore A 40, shore A 50, shore A 60 and 3 different sole thickness of 17cm, 19cm, 21cm. The subjects were asked to run at 3 different speed of 2.0m/sec, 3.5m/sec, 5.0m/sec and their motions were videotaped with 4 S-VHS video cameras and 2 high speed video cameras and simultaneously measured with a force platform. The following results were obtained after analysing and comparing the variables. Minimum angle of each ball flex position were increased with the increment of running velocity and shoe sole thickness(P<0.05), but mid-sole hardness did not affect minimum ball flex angle. The position which minimum angle was shown as smallest was 'D'. Midsole hardness and sole thickness did not affect time to each ball flex minimum angle, total angular displacement of ball flex angle, and total angular displacement of torsion angle(P<0.05). The position which minimum angle was appeared to be earliest was similar at walking velocity, and E and F of midfoot region at running velocity. Total angular displacement of ball flex position tended to increase as shifted to heel. It was found that running velocity had effects on ball flex angle variables, but shoe sole thickness partially affected. It would be considered that running velocity made differences between analysis variables at walking and running when designing shoes. Also, it was regarded that shoes would be developed at separated region, because ball flex angle and position was shown to be different at toe and heel region. It is necessary that midsole hardness and thickness required to functional shoes be analyzed in the further study.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.10.1-10.9
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• 2023

Objectives: This study compared the buckling resistance of 3 nickel-titanium (NiTi) retreatment file systems and the torque/force generated during retreatment. Materials and Methods: The buckling resistance was compared among the D-RaCe (DR2), HyFlex Remover, and Mtwo R25/05 retreatment systems. J-shaped canals within resin blocks were prepared with ProTaper NEXT X3 and obturated by the single-cone technique with AH Plus. After 4 weeks, 4 mm of gutta-percha in the coronal aspect was removed with Gates-Glidden drills. Retreatment was then performed using DR1 (size 30, 10% taper) followed by DR2 (size 25, 4% taper), HyFlex Remover (size 30, 7% taper), or Mtrwo R25/05 (size 25, 5% taper) (15 specimens in each group). Further apical preparation was performed with WaveOne Gold Primary. The clockwise torque and upward force generated during retreatment were recorded. After retreatment, resin blocks were examined using stereomicroscopy, and the percentage of residual filling material in the canal area was calculated. Data were analyzed using 1-way analysis of variance with the Tukey test. Results: The HyFlex Remover files exhibited the greatest buckling resistance (p < 0.05), followed by the Mtwo R25/05. The HyFlex Remover and Mtwo R25/05 files generated the highest maximum clockwise torque and upward force, respectively (p < 0.05). The DR1 and DR2 files generated the least upward force and torque (p < 0.05). The percentage of residual filling material after retreatment was not significantly different between file systems (p > 0.05). Conclusions: NiTi retreatment instruments with higher buckling resistance generated greater clockwise torque and upward force.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.102-108
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• 2016

This paper presents a new strength method of underground box structures under additional surface load. An L-bracing using pre-flexed steel member threads called the "Pre-flex strength method" is used to improve capacity of the RC box structure under earth pressure due to additional surface load. The pre-flexed steel member is fixed the top and bottom of the structure after chemical anchor was installed by drilling hole on the box structure. The structural performance was evaluated analytically. 3 types of underground RC box structure were used; $2.0m{\times}2.0m$, $3.0m{\times}3.0m$ and $4.0m{\times}4.0m$. For the performance evaluation, structure analysis were performed on moment and shear resisting structures with and without pre-flex strength method. Numerical results confirmed that the proposed strength member system installed on underground RC box structures enhanced the strength capacity. The feasible region of the proposed pre-flex strength method in accordance with the earth pressure due to additional surface depth was evaluated.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.7-15
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 ACF를 이용한 CCM용 COF 어셈블리의 실장 기술을 연구하고 COF 어셈블리의 신뢰성 분석을 수행하였다. 열팽창계수, 모듈러스, 유리전이온도 등 경화 후 ACF의 열-기계적 물성들을 분석하였으며, ACF의 경화거동 결과를 바탕으로 COF 접합공정 온도 및 시간을 최적화하였으며, 도전입자의 변형 관찰 및 전기적 접촉 저항 측정을 통해 본딩 압력에 대한 최적화를 수행하였다. 또한 ACF 물질 특성이 COF어셈블리의 신뢰성에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 열-싸이클 시험, 고온 유지 시험, 고온고습 시험을 수행하였다. 신뢰성 시험 수행 후 ACF를 이용한 COF 어셈블리의 신뢰성에 가장문제가 되고 있는 점은 열-싸이클 신뢰성 시험에서 나타난 ACF joint의 접촉 저항 증가 문제였고, 이는 ACF 자체의 열-기계적 물성과 밀접한 관계가 있음을 확인하였다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.37.1-37.8
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• 2020

Objectives: This study aims to compare the cyclic fatigue resistance of VDW.ROTATE, TruNatomy, 2Shape, and HyFlex CM nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary files at body temperature. Materials and Methods: In total, 80 VDW.ROTATE (25/0.04), TruNatomy (26/0.04), 2Shape (25/0.04), and HyFlex CM (25/0.04) NiTi rotary files (n = 20 in each group) were subjected to static cyclic fatigue testing at body temperature (37℃) in stainless-steel artificial canals prepared according to the size and taper of the instruments until fracture occurred. The number of cycles to fracture (NCF) was calculated, and the lengths of the fractured fragments were measured. The data were statistically analyzed using a 1-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tamhane tests at the 5% significance level (p < 0.05). Results: There were significant differences in the cyclic fatigue resistance among the groups (p < 0.05), with the highest to lowest NCF values of the files as follows: VDW.ROTATE, HyFlex CM, 2Shape, and TruNatomy. There was no significant difference in the lengths of the fractured fragments among the groups. The scanning electron microscope images of the files revealed typical characteristics of fracture due to cyclic fatigue. Conclusions: The VDW.ROTATE files had the highest cyclic fatigue resistance, and the TruNatomy and 2Shape files had the lowest cyclic fatigue resistance in artificial canals at body temperature.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.118-124
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• 2017

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the color stability of bulk-fill and nanohybrid resin-based composites polished with 3 different, multistep, aluminum-oxide impregnated finishing and polishing disks. Materials and Methods: Disk-shaped specimens (8 mm in diameter and 4 mm in thickness) were light-cured between two glass slabs using one nanohybid bulk-fill (Tetric EvoCeram, Ivoclar Vivadent), one micro-hybrid bulk-fill (Quixfil, Dentsply), and two nanohybrid incremental-fill (Filtek Ultimate, 3M ESPE; Herculite XRV Ultra, Kerr) resin-based composites, and aged by thermocycling (between $5-55^{\circ}C$, 3,000 cycles). Then, they were divided into subgroups according to the polishing procedure as SwissFlex ($Colt\grave{e}ne/Whaledent$), Optidisc (Kerr), and Praxis TDV (TDV Dental) (n = 12 per subgroup). One surface of each specimen was left unpolished. All specimens were immersed in coffee solution at $37^{\circ}C$. The color differences (${\Delta}E$) were measured after 1 and 7 days of storage using a colorimeter based on CIE Lab system. The data were analyzed by univariate ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U test, and Friedmann tests (${\alpha}=0.05$). Results: Univariate ANOVA detected significant interactions between polishing procedure and composite resin and polishing procedure and storage time (p < 0.05). Significant color changes were detected after 1 day storage in coffee solution (p < 0.05), except Quixfil/Optidisc which was color-stable after 7 days (p > 0.05). Polishing reduced the discoloration resistance of Tetric EvoCeram/SwissFlex, Tetric EvoCeram/Praxis TDV, Quixfil-SwissFlex, and all Herculite XRV Ultra groups after 7 days storage (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Discoloration resistance of bulk-fill resin-based composites can be significantly affected by the polishing procedures.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.122-131
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• 2003

In this study, some characteristics of conductive and non-conductive adhesive inter-connections are derived, based on data from literature and own projects. Assembly of flip chip on flex is taken as a carrier. Potential failure mechanisms of adhesive interconnections reported in literature are reviewed. Some methods that can be used to evaluate the quality of adhesive interconnections and to evaluate their aging behavior are given. Possible finite element simulation approaches are introduced and the required critical materials properties are summarized. Response to temperature and moisture, resistance to reflow soldering and resistance to rapid change in temperature and humidity are elaborated. The effect of post cure during accelerated testing is discussed. This study shows that only a combined approach using finite element simulations, and use of appropriate experimental evaluation methods can result in revealing, understanding and quantifying the complex degradation mechanisms of adhesive interconnections during aging.