• 생태와환경
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.41-52
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• 2013

To decide on the designation of a tidal-flat Provincial Park, a study area was defined in line with domestic and international case studies of Provincial Parks. A survey on landscape, geology, biota, and cultural resources was conducted in four tidal-flat areas including Bigeum-myeon and Docho-myeon, which are part of the UNESCO Biosphere Reserve in Shinan, Jeollanam-do. To identify areas most suitable to be designated as Provincial Park, a PSR evaluation process was adopted. This has resulted in the selection of the 'Palgupo' area surrounding Bigeum, Docho, Haui, Shinui, Jaeun, Amtae, Palgeum, Anjwa and Jangsan. Also the tidal-flat areas at Aphae-myeon, which are ecologically linked with the Jeungdo Tidal-flat Provincial Park, were included. The selected areas resulting from this study will meet various characteristics of tidal-flat ecosystems including naturalness, ecological network, rarity and eco-cultural diversity. After the tidal-flat Provincial Park has been specified, there is a need to perform a long-term sustainable management plan.

• 한국해안해양공학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.127-137
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• 2003

연안역 개발로 인해 갯벌의 면적이 급감하고 있는 현실에서 대체 갯벌의 조성을 위해 연구가 진행되고 있다. 본 연구는 인공갯벌 조성을 위한 연구사업의 일환으로, 자연적으로 형성된 갯벌지반과 인위적으로 조성된 갯벌지반의 지반공학적인 특성을 비교$.$고찰하고 그 결과를 토대로 인공갯벌 지반의 안정성을 평가하기 위하여 교란 및 불교란시료를 이용한 각종 실내실험을 실시하였다. 실내실험에서 측정된 전단강도와 조류와 파랑으로 인해 유발되는 전단응력을 비교하여 갯벌에 퇴적된 토사의 안정성에 대해 검토하였다.

• 한국기계기술학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.155-163
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• 2011

The flat type automotive cross members with high strength steel have advantages in light weight and fewer parts compared to the hump type cross members. But the complex part shape of the flat type cross member and the poor formability of high strength steel make it difficult to form the parts without forming defects, such as splits and wrinkles. The purpose of this study is to develop the flat type automotive cross member with high strength steel. For that purpose, drawing processes are evaluated using PAM-$STAMP^{TM}$ and proper draw die and blank designs are proposed. Using the proposed die and blank design, the flat type upper and lower cross member could be formed successfully without forming defects.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.217-225
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• 1999

Landsat TM 위성영상을 이용하여 전라북도 줄포만 간석지의 미지형을 무감독분류의 ISODATA 기법으로서 분석한 결과 mudflat, mixed flat, sandflat 의 3지형으로 분류되었다. 각각의 미지형들은 퇴적물 입도와 지형에 있어서 상이한 특성을 나타내었으며, mudflat은 내만쪽에 위치하고 snadflat은 만의 입구 그리고 mixedflat은 그 사이에 각각 분포하였다. 각 지역의 지형특성으로는 2m 내외의 갯골이 평탄면 사이에 분포하는 mudflat과 평균기복이 10cm 이하로서 아주 평탄한 지형으로 물결무늬가 발달한 sandflat 그리고 이 양자의 중간형태를 취하는 mixedflat 으로 구분되었다. 아울러 Landsat TM의 7개의 밴드중에서 밴드 5와 7이 간석지의 미지형분류, 밴드4는 육지와 간석지의 분류 그리고 밴드 3은 해면과 간석지의 분류에 각각 효율적임이 밝혀졌다.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.291-298
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• 2013

In order to investigate the topography and exposure duration of the Siheung tidal flat, tidal ranges and DEM constructed by remote sensing techniques were analyzed. A cross-sectional diagram of the intertidal area reveals that it is relatively flat in the upper zone and then abruptly plunges into the bottom of the main channel where elevations increase in an upstream direction. The waterline during the Highest Low Water (HLW) is drawn back to the bottom of the channel at the middle part of the tidal flat and is formed along the slant of the channel during the Lowest High Water (LHW). The intertidal zone is located between -410 cm and 510 cm in terms of elevation and its total area is $0.65km^2$. An area between the Highest High Water (HHW) and Lowest High Water (LHW), occupying about 80% of the total area, occupies $0.52km^2$ of total area and accounts for 56% of the exposure duration. The boundary of wetland protection area in the Siheung tidal flat did not exactly coincide with the intertidal regime and differs by more than 15%. This study, which precisely analyzed the tidal flat area, tidal environment, and topography, would be useful in making a conservation plan and in learning how to use a wetland protection area in a sustainable manner.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.735-751
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• 2014

In the previous paper, authors proposed the unified equivalent frame method (UEFM) for the lateral behavior analysis of the flat plate structure subjected to the combined gravity and lateral loads, in which the rotations of torsional members were distributed to the equivalent column and the equivalent slab according to the relative ratio of gravity and lateral loads. In this paper, the lateral behavior of the multi-span flat plate structures under various levels of combined gravity and lateral loads were analyzed by the proposed UEFM, which were compared with test results as well as those estimated by existing models. In addition, to consider the stiffness degradation of the flat plate system after cracking, the stiffness reduction factors for torsional members were derived from the test results of the interior and exterior slab-column connection specimens, based on which the simplified nonlinear push-over analysis method for flat plate structures was proposed. The simplified nonlinear analysis method provided good agreements with test results and is considered to be very useful for the practical design of the flat plate structures under the combined gravity and lateral loads.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.198-205
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 순천만의 효율적인 관리 및 보존을 위한 기초자료 제공의 일환으로, 순천만 갯벌의 입도분포 특성 및 유기물의 특성을 파악하여 오염현황을 진단하는 것을 목적으로, 2009년 4월과 7월에 순천만 갯벌을 조사한 결과, 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 순천만 갯벌은 대부분이 clay와 silt의 함량이 90% 이상에 해당하는 니질상(muddy facies)을 나타내었으며, 간조시 동천으로부터 유입된 하천수가 유하하는 수로에 해당하는 갯강에서는 사질상(sandy facies)이 우세하게 분포하는 것으로 나타났다. 순천만 갯벌의 분급도는 전체적으로 $1.9{\sim}3.8{\phi}$(평균 $2.5{\phi}$)의 분포를 보였으며, 왜도는 -1.5~3.2(평균 -0.3)를 나타내었고, 첨도는 1.5~14.1(평균 3.9)을 나타내었다. 이는 순천만의 갯벌은 세립질 퇴적물이 집중적으로 분포하고 있으며, 그리고 그중 일부는 다양한 입도를 가지는 퇴적물이 혼재되어 있고, 갯 강은 하천수의 유하에 의한 침식이 일어나고, 그 이외의 대부분의 지역에서는 퇴적이 일어나고 있다는 의미이다. 순천만 갯벌의 총유기물량(IL)은 5.75%로 타해역에 비해서 비교적 양호한 편이며, 부영양화 기준(COD; 20.0 mg/g dry, 황화물 0.2 mg S/g dry)보다 대부분지역에서는 낮은 값을 나타내었으나, 일부 지점에서는 기준을 초과하였다. 그리고 순천만 갯벌에 포함되어 있는 유기물은 대부분이 육상으로부터 유입된 것으로 추정된다. 순천만의 갯벌은 비교적 양호한 상태라고 판단되나 일부의 정점에서는 다소 높은 경향을 나타내고 있어 순천만의 보존을 위해서는 육상기인의 유기물 및 영양염류의 저감방안이 요구되며 지속적인 모니터링을 통한 관리가 필요하다고 판단된다.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.735-747
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• 2002

This study aimed at investigating the change of fat in each body part according to the wearing of sport underwear made of specially-processed materials. in this study. 6 females made up of three early twenties, and three later thirties took part in the exercises for 12 weeks to to out the change of fat amount in body, square of body part by CT and obesity after and before an exercise. The results are as follows: In the obesity condition after and before an exercise, Roller's index shows that in case of 51 and 54, one level was lowered concerning the basic physical strength and optimal index was not changed. In the silhouette between body frames. there are differences between ages. The body fat rate decreased 35.95% on the average. and the amount of the body fat of females in twenties was more than that in thirties. The amount of body fat decrease with the lapse of exercising time, while the amount of body fat shows increased of 0.75%, which showed the minus correlation. The rate of averaged flat by CT went up after an exercise in every body part. and also the decreased value of subcutaneous fat was not proportioned to that of weight and girth. Inbody parts, the lower abdomen was shown 49.7%, navel part 47.7% and waist part 37.3% each in numerical value. In the thickness of subcutaneous fat concerning waist, the value of front-center line was the lowest, and followed by rear-center line and lateral line. 1204degree part in the navel showed the most fat layed, and the lowest fat layed was in the lateral part. Concerning the lower part of abdomen, under-skin fat was the most layed in 120degree part like that of navel part.

• 폴리머
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.555-563
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• 2012

사출 성형품에서 발생되는 뒤틀림은 성형공정 중 제품의 불균일한 수축과 잔류응력의 이완으로 인하여 나타나는 현상이다. 휨이나 뒤틀림 현상을 방지하기 위해서 성형품이 강성이 있도록 설계하거나 수지에 유리섬유 등으로 보강하여 사용한다. 본 연구에서는 플라스틱의 성형품에서 성형품의 설계에 따른 뒤틀림 현상을 성형조건 별로 알아보았다. 성형품의 설계는 리브로 보강된 두 종류와 보강 리브가 없는 시편을 사용하였다. 수지는 유리섬유로 보강된 비결정성 수지인 PC와 ABS를 사용하였다. 실험결과 휨은 리브의 설계에 따라 큰 변화를 보였다. 게이트 주변, 게이트 반대쪽, 그리고 흐름방향쪽 등 측정위치에 따라서 휨은 다양하게 나타났다. 이러한 휨의 결과는 유리섬유의 배향과도 크게 관련이 있음을 컴퓨터 해석을 통해 확인할 수 있었다. 리브가 없는 단순 평판에서 휨이 가장 작게 나타났으며, 리브가 흐름방향으로 놓여있는 경우가 휨에 대한 큰 저항을 보였다. 시편에 나타난 휨은 성형조건보다는 제품의 설계에 따라 크게 변하였다. 리브의 설계와 그에 따른 게이트의 위치 설정은 유리섬유의 배향과 직접적인 관련이 있으므로 성형품의 휨 조절에 매우 중요함을 보여주었다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제39권spc1호
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• pp.142-150
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• 2006

We examined the effect of predation by observing the changes in macrobenthic communities in a tidal flat at Seonjae, Korea, following the exclusion of large predators such as birds, fishes and crustaceans using protective screens. We conducted two interference experiments in the field from April to November 2004: (1) Experiment 1 was conducted at a mid-tidal flat in the western part of Seonjae-do, Incheon, Korea, (2) Experiment 2 was set up at a low tidal flat in the eastern part of Seonjae-do. predator exclusion showed different effects in the two experiments. Both the number of species and density were reduced by 20% in Experiment 1. Whereas in Experiment 2, they increased by up to 13% and 69%, respectively. In Experiment 1, a high density of brachyuran crabs observed in the treatment may have caused the difference in community composition between the treatment and the control, and this probably resulted from active predation of macrofauna (e.g., small crabs) under protection from megafaunal predators such as birds and fishes. However, in Experiment 2, as typically observed in other predator exclusion experiments, a lower density of benthic predators and the subsequent reduction of over predation probably resulted in a more diverse and abundant benthic community in the treatment. We confirmed that predation was a contributing factor in the formation of the macrobenthic community. We also demonstrated relationships that exist among different trophic groups (large predators, macrobenthic predators and prey) and what effects and responses occur in each component of the tidal flats.