• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
• /
• 제33권4호
• /
• pp.108-113
• /
• 2022

Purpose: Proton therapy has been used for optimal cancer treatment by adapting its Bragg-peak characteristics. Recently, a tissue-sparing effect was introduced in ultrahigh-dose-rate (FLASH) radiation; the high-energy transmission proton beam is considered in proton FLASH therapy. In measuring high-energy/ultrahigh-dose-rate proton beam, Faraday Cup is considered as a dose-rate-independent measurement device, which has been widely studied. In this paper, the feasibility of the simply designed Faraday Cup (Poor Man's Faraday Cup, PMFC) for transmission proton FLASH therapy is investigated. Methods: In general, Faraday cups were used in the measurement of charged particles. The simply designed Faraday Cup and Advanced Markus ion chamber were used for high-energy proton beam measurement in this study. Results: The PMFC shows an acceptable performance, including accuracy in general dosimetric tests. The PMFC has a linear response to the dose and dose rate. The proton fluence was decreased with the increase of depth until the depth was near the proton beam range. Regarding secondary particles backscatter from PMFC, the effect was negligible. Conclusions: In this study, we performed an experiment to investigate the feasibility of PMFC for measuring high-energy proton beams. The PMFC can be used as a beam stopper and secondary monitoring system for transmission proton beam FLASH therapy.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.148-159
• /
• 2007

Purpose: Vasomotor symptoms including hot flash are very common to postmenopausal women. Estrogen therapy was regarded as the best option for relieving menopausal symptoms until 2002, when the Women#s Health Initiative(WHI) reported the side effect of the therapy. Consequently, studies on the complementary and alternative medical herbs and therapy for the management of menopausal symptoms have followed. And so we have reviewed some international clinical studies about the management of postmenopausal symptoms with acupuncture therapy. Methods: "Menopause and acupuncture" was designated as a key word in the search site. Pub Med, and nine papers dealing with hot flash among the relevant RCTs were selected, and then, the effect of acupuncture on hot flash and the way the researches had been done was examined. Results : The intensity of hot flash reduced significantly and the frequency of hot flash was inclined to reduce, but not significantly, compared to the controlled group. Conclusion: Each clinical test has its limitations in point of the number of the required samples. However, it still shows the possibility that acupuncture itself will be effective enough to reduce the intensity of hot flash to a certain degree. It is believed that extensive clinical tests on the effect of acupuncture on hot flash will need to be done hereafter. And when the tests are carried out, it is required to exclude placebo effect, do blind test, and carefully select and control the methods.

• 대한한방내과학회지
• /
• 제38권5호
• /
• pp.576-582
• /
• 2017

Objectives: Hormone replacement therapy may relieve many symptoms of menopause; however, hormone replacement therapy may increase the risk of breast cancer, stroke, and dementia. This case study describes the effect of Hoechunboeum-tang on the menopausal disorder of hot flashes, which has been well documented as a cause of distress to patients undergoing menopause. Methods and Results: Two female patients suffering from severe hot flashes related to menopausal disorders were administered the herbal medicine, Hoechunboeum-tang. Measurements included hot flash frequency over a 24 hour period, hot flash severity (visual analogue scale), and hot flash-related daily interference and were recorded during the last week before herbal medicine and again after 7 and 15 days of herbal treatment. The patients were asked about their hot flash symptoms 6 months later and both reported that the symptoms had been successfully reduced after herbal treatment and were still reduced after 6 months. Conclusions: Hoechunboeum-tang could have a beneficial effect on menopausal disorder with hot flashes.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.188-196
• /
• 2018

Objectives: This study is to report the clinical effectiveness of the complex Korean medicine therapy on a postoperative endometriosis patient's hypoestrogenic side effects who is treated with GnRH-agonist injection. Methods: The patient in this case was diagnosed with endometriosis and has been treated with GnRH-a injection after laparoscopic operation. The patient complained hot flash and sweating mainly after GnRH-a treatment. The patient received complex Korean medicine therapy during 10 days admission period. The clinical effects were evaluated through KI (Kupperman's Index) and SF-36 (36 item Short Form Health Survey). Results: After the complex Korean medicine therapy, the various clinical symptoms including hot flash and sweating were improved. Also, the quality of life was enhanced. Conclusions: This case report shows that the complex Korean medicine therapy was effective for treating hypoestrogenic side effects occurred after GnRH-a treatment in postoperative endometriosis patient.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.168-178
• /
• 2008

Purpose: To verify the relationship of SA2000E results and acupuncture treatment efficacy on postmenopausal women. Methods: Longitudinal analyze relationship of the SA2000E results and hot flush VAS score changes of a clinical trial participants in 2006. Results: Someone who has high Vaso-aging degree by SA2000E represented better hot flash VAS decreasing efficacy. And the diminution rate of hot flash VAS, after 1week from the 1st treatment day was 0.311(p=0.0001), and finally 0.672(p = 0.0396). There are no statistical differences between study group and control group. Conclusion: Clinical trial participant who has better Vaso-physiological function present more hot flash reduce efficacy by acupuncture therapy. Vaso-aging degree by SA2000E could be use as a predictor of acupuncture hot flash treatment result.

• 대한방사선치료학회지
• /
• 제30권1_2호
• /
• pp.49-63
• /
• 2018

목 적 : 왼쪽 유방암 세기변조방사선 치료 시 Skin flash를 적용함에 있어 치료계획의 변화를 알아보고, 적용하지 않았을 경우와 적용 했을 시 피부선량의 변화를 비교해 보고자 하였다. 또한 Skin flash를 다양한 두께별로 적용하여 두께별 피부선량의 변화를 비교, 분석해 보고, 적절한 Skin flash의 적용에 대해 알아보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 실험대상은 Anthropomorphic phantom을 이용하였고, 치료계획을 위한 영상획득은 전산화 단층촬영(CT)으로 하였다. 전산화치료계획은 Eclipse(ver 13.7.16, Varian, USA)의 RTP 시스템을 이용하여 2 field hybrid IMRT와 6 field static IMRT의 두 가지 치료계획을 하였다. 위의 치료계획을 바탕으로 각 치료계획마다 Skin flash 두께를 0.5 cm, 1.0 cm, 1.5 cm, 2.0 cm, 2.5 cm으로 변경하여 추가치료계획을 수립하였고, 추가치료계획에 대해 총 MU값과 최대선량의 변화를 알아보았다. 치료 장비는 $VitalBeam^{TM}$(Varian Medical System, USA)의 6 MV를 이용하였다. 측정 장비는 MOSFET(metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor)을 이용하였고, 측정지점은 phantom의 왼쪽 유방의 센터를 기준으로 위(1번), 중간(2번), 아래(3번) 세 부위에 위치시켜 피부선량을 측정하였다. 그리고 인위적으로 좌표를 0.5cm 내측(medial), 외측(lateral)으로 이동시켜 피부선량의 변화를 비교 분석하였다. 결 과 : Skin flash를 적용하지 않은 치료계획 2F-hIMRT, 6F-sIMRT의 측정값을 기준선량으로 하였다. 2F-hIMRT의 1번 측정점 206.7 cGy, 2번 186.7 cGy, 3번 222 cGy였고, 6F-sIMRT의 기준값은 1번 192 cGy, 2번 213 cGy, 3번 215 cGy로 측정되었다. 이 기준값들과 비교하여 2F-hIMRT에서 1번 측정점은 Skin flash 2.0 cm, 2.5 cm 적용시 평균 261.3 cGy로 26.1 %diff로 가장 많은 선량차를 보였고, 2번 측정점은 Skin flash 2.0 cm일 때 평균 197.3 cGy, 5.6 %diff의 선량차가 났고, 3번 측정점은 Skin flash 2.5 cm일 때 최대 245.3 cGy, 10.5 %diff였다. 6F-sIMRT에서는 1번 측정지점이 Skin flash 2.0 cm 적용시에 216.3 cGy, 12.7 %diff로 가장 큰 선량차이를 보였고 측정지점별로 Skin flash 2.5 cm 적용시가 아닌 2.0 cm 적용시 선량차가 가장 크게 나타났다. 2F-hIMRT, 6F-sIMRT에서 각각 내측 0.5 cm 이동 후 Skin flash를 사용하지 않았을 때 측정치는 2F는 기준값과 비교시 1번, 3번 측정지점에서 -75.2 %diff, -70.1 %diff 차이였고, 6F는 1번, 2번, 3번 측정 지점에서 -14.8, -12.5, -21.0 %diff로 처방선량에 미치지 못하는 저선량이 측정되었다. 두 치료계획 모두 Skin flash 두께가 커질수록 총 MU와 최대선량이 증가하는 것으로 나타났고, 몇몇 결과를 제외하면 전체적으로 %diff도 증가했다. 모든 조건에서 0.5 cm의 Skin flash 두께 사용이 기준값의 피부선량과 약 20 % 이하의 차이로 가장 적은 것으로 나타났다. 결 론 : 결과에 따라 Skin flash의 두께를 0.5 cm으로 최소화 하는 것이 최대선량이나 MU의 증가를 최소화할 수 있었고, 기준이 되는 치료계획과도 가장 적은 피부선량차이를 보였기에 0.5 cm으로 최소화 하여 적용하는 것이 가장 이상적이라 할 수 있을 것이다. 또한 Skin flash 두께를 무한정 크게 한다고 해서 MU나 최대선량, 피부선량차가 증가하지 않고 수렴한다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 그러므로 유방암 환자의 호흡에 의한 PTV의 변화와 여러 오차의 인자들을 고려한다면 0.5~1.0 cm Skin flash 범위에서 Skin flash를 사용한다면 적용하지 않는 것보다는 더 많은 이점이 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
• /
• 제31권3호
• /
• pp.99-110
• /
• 2020

With hope and concern, the first Korean proton therapy facility was introduced to the National Cancer Center (NCC) in 2007. It added a new chapter to the history of Korean radiation therapy. There have been challenging clinical trials using proton beam therapy, which has seen many impressive results in cancer treatment. Compared to the rapidly increasing number of proton therapy facilities in the world, only one more proton therapy center has been added since 2007 in Korea. The Samsung Medical Center installed a proton therapy facility in 2015. Most radiation oncology practitioners would agree that the physical properties of the proton beam provide a clear advantage in radiation treatment. But the expensive cost of proton therapy facilities is still one of the main reasons that hospitals are reluctant to introduce them in Korea. I herein introduce the history of proton therapy and the cutting edge technology used in proton therapy. In addition, I will cover the role of a medical physicist in proton therapy and the future prospects of proton therapy, based on personal experience in participating in proton therapy programs from the beginning at the NCC.

• 대한한의학회지
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.74-85
• /
• 2007

Objective : In this study we wanted to confirm if proper stimulation and de-Qi of traditional Korean medical acupuncture could increase hot flash relief efficacy. Design : A randomized controlled, single blind study. We used two modalities of acupuncture, one with optimal stimulation [Study group; Korean medical acupuncture (TKMA)] and one with minimal stimulation [Control group; Minimal acupuncture (MA)]. Same acupoints [PC6(內關), HT8(少府), HT7(神門), LI4(合谷), ST36(足三里), SP6(三陰交), Ren4(關元)] were used in both groups. Fifty-two patients were treated twice a week for 8 weeks, and follow up was done after 4 weeks from the last treatment. Patients were checked hot flash VAS (visual analog scale), frequency and duration every time they visited. Results : Hot flash relief efficacy by 100mm hot flash VAS was obvious in both groups. Hot flash VAS scores of study group were smaller than the scores of control group at the early stage (3rd, $4^{th}$ and $8^{th}$ visit), but there wasn't a remarkable difference between study and control group at the end of the trial. Besides, diminution of hot flash VAS was faster and more even in the study group than control group by visualization using 'Box plot'. We compared frequency and duration of hot flash, 100mm sweating, palpitation, sleep disturbance VAS, and Kupperman Index, MENQOL, Patient's global assessment score. Both groups showed definite decrease from the baseline, but the difference was not statistically significant. There wasn't any adverse event. Hot flash relief efficacy was kept in most patients after 4 weeks' follow-up. Conclusion : Acupoint combination by Traditional Korean medical theory is effective on hot flashes and hot flash relief efficacy was faster and more even in optimal stimulation than minimal stimulation.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제55권9호
• /
• pp.3417-3422
• /
• 2023

Recently, as the clinically positive biological effects of ultra-high dose rate (UHDR) radiation beams have been revealed, interest in flash radiation therapy has increased. Generally, FLASH preclinical experiments are performed using UHDR electron beams generated by linear accelerators. Real-time monitoring of UHDR beams is required to deliver the correct dose to a sample. However, it is difficult to use typical transmission-type ionization chambers for primary beam monitoring because there is no suitable electrometer capable of reading high pulsed currents, and collection efficiency is drastically reduced in pulsed radiation beams with ultra-high doses. In this study, a monitoring method using bremsstrahlung photons generated by irradiation devices and a water phantom was proposed. Charges collected in an ionization chamber located at the back of a water phantom were analyzed using the bremsstrahlung tail on electron depth dose curves obtained using radiochromic films. The dose conversion factor for converting a monitored charge into a delivered dose was determined analytically for the Advanced Markus® chamber and compared with experimentally determined values. It is anticipated that the method proposed in this study can be useful for monitoring sample doses in UHDR electron beam irradiation.

• 성인간호학회지
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.159-170
• /
• 2014

Purpose: This research investigated the degree and predictors of hot flashes and hypogonadism symptoms in patients with prostate cancer receiving hormone replacement therapy. Methods: The subjects were 111 patients with prostate cancer receiving hormone replacement therapy in two university hospitals located in D city. The measurement tools included Hot Flash Diary and AMS (Aging Male's Symptoms rating scales). The data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, and binary logistic regression analysis. Results: The percentage of patients who experienced hot flashes among the participants was 14.4%. The predictors for hot flashes were eating irregularly, having coffee frequently and the types of hormone. The average score of hypogonadism symptom was 2.16 out of five-point scale and the highest score of hypogonadism symptom was the sexual symptoms (2.77 out of five-point scale). The predictors for hypogonadism symptom were eating habits and years of having the illness. Conclusion: These findings provide the information that irregularly eating habit was an important factor in hot flashes and hypogonadism symptoms of the participants. Therefore the development of a nutritional education encouraging regular meals is necessary for the given population.