• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.175-183
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• 2018

Many recent satellites have mission periods longer than 10 years; thus, satellite-based local space weather monitoring is becoming more important than ever. This article describes the instruments and data applications of the Korea Space wEather Monitor (KSEM), which is a space weather payload of the GeoKompsat-2A (GK-2A) geostationary satellite. The KSEM payload consists of energetic particle detectors, magnetometers, and a satellite charging monitor. KSEM will provide accurate measurements of the energetic particle flux and three-axis magnetic field, which are the most essential elements of space weather events, and use sensors and external data such as GOES and DSCOVR to provide five essential space weather products. The longitude of GK-2A is $128.2^{\circ}E$, while those of the GOES satellite series are $75^{\circ}W$ and $135^{\circ}W$. Multi-satellite measurements of a wide distribution of geostationary equatorial orbits by KSEM/GK-2A and other satellites will enable the development, improvement, and verification of new space weather forecasting models. KSEM employs a service-oriented magnetometer designed by ESA to reduce magnetic noise from the satellite in real time with a very short boom (1 m), which demonstrates that a satellite-based magnetometer can be made simpler and more convenient without losing any performance.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.73-79
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• 2009

Purpose: Recently, neurostimulation studies involving manipulation of cortical excitability of the human brain have been increasingly attempted. We investigated whether transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied to the underlying cerebral cortex, directly induces cortical activation during fMRI scanning. Methods: We recently recruited five healthy subjects without a neurological or psychiatric history and who were right-handed, as verified by the modified Edinburg Handedness Inventory. fMRI was done while constant anodal tDCS was delivered to the underlying SM1 area?? immediately after the pre-stimulation for eighteen minutes. Results: Group analysis yielded an averaged map that showed that the SM1 area and the superior parietal cortex in the ipsilateral hemisphere were activated. The voxel size and peak intensity were, respectively, 82 and 5.22 in the SM1, and 85 and 5.77 in the superior parietal cortex. Conclusion: Cortical activation can be induced by constant anodal tDCS of the underlying motor cortex. This suggests that tDCS may be an effective therapeutic device for enhancing? physical motor function by modulating neural excitability of the motor cortex.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.89-97
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• 2018

Recently, interest in rural tourism for urban dwellers has increased, and rural communities are chosen as tourist destinations. Under these circumstances, the study was designed to analyze the effects of the quality of service at rural stay sites on customer satisfaction and recommendation intention. The analysis method analyzes the demographic characteristics of the survey participants and characteristics of participation in rural stay. And the quality of service for the experience of rural stay was analyzed with SERVQUAL'S five-dimensional type, reliability, assurance, responsiveness, empathy, tangible and customer satisfaction, intent of recommendation and regression. Major analysis shows that the survey subjects were found to have an average age of 41.8 years, 49 to 59 years old, and a high degree of university graduation. And as characteristic of participation, the form of company was family and relatives, the form of family meeting was many summer, the reservation was Internet, and payment by cash and card were many. As a result of the hypothesis testing, reliability, assurance, responsiveness, and empathy among the quality of service of rural stay were affected in customer satisfaction. In addition, the quality of service and the intent to recommend it were statistically significant, reliability, assurance and empathy. Therefore, it is deemed necessary to make efforts to improve service quality as the quality of service at rural stay places has relevance to customer satisfaction and recommendation intention.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.297-300
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• 2017

Realistic media comprised of metadata of the five senses to provide enhanced experiences by stimulating our memory and sensations have had an increasingly pervading effect in our daily lives. Many researchers and companies are in the process of developing their own authoring systems running on different platforms to serve realistic media, resulting in compatibility issues among the systems. To tackle these issues, the International Organization for Standardization have standardized the interface, data format, protocol, API, etc. required to provide the realistic media. In particular, the ISO/IEC 23005 standard, which is called MPEG-V in SC29/WG 11, has defined XML schemas for olfaction interaction based on electronic nose (E-Nose), and scent display. In this paper, the MPEG-V standard for olfaction interaction is reviewed, and a data flow diagram that can be used for olfactory interaction based on the MPEG-V standard was designed. In addition, the necessary schemas related to the E-Nose sensor for olfactory interaction was provided.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.98-105
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• 2002

Some materials exhibit a rising K-R curve, while the K-R curve for other materials is flat. The shape of the K-R curve depends on material behavior and, to a lesser extent, on the configuration of the cracked structure. The K-R curve for an ideally brittle material is flat because the surface energy is an invariant material property. However, the K-R curve can take on a variety of shapes when nonlinear material behavior accompanies fracture. Five different hot-rolled thin plates are tested to investigate K-R curve behavior. A special experimental apparatus is used to prevent specimens from buckling.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.90-99
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• 1999

A vehicle driving simulator is a virtual reality device which a human being feels as if the one drives a vehicle actually. The driving simulator is used effectively for studying interaction of a driver-vehicle and developing vehicle system of a new concept. The driving simulator consists of a vehicle motion bed system, motion controller, visual and audio system, vehicle dynamic analysis system, cockpit system, and etc. In it is paper, the main procedures to develop the driving simulator are classified by five parts. First, a motion bed system and a motion controller, which can track a reference trajectory, are developed. Secondly, a performance evaluation of the motion bed system for the driving simulator is carried out using LVDTs and accelerometers. Thirdly, a washout algorithm to realize a motion of an actual vehicle in the driving simulator is developed. The algorithm changes the motion space of a vehicle into the workspace of the driving simulator. Fourthly, a visual and audio system for feeling higher realization is developed. Finally, an integration system to communicate and monitor between sub systems is developed.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.214-218
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• 2014

This study was conducted to assess the feasibility of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) as a rapid and reliable method for the estimation of crude protein (CP) fractions in forage legume mixtures (sudangrass and pea mixture, and kidney bean and potato mixture). A total of 178 samples were collected and their spectral reflectance obtained in the range of 400~2,500 nm. Of these, 50 samples were selected for calibration and validation, and 35 samples were used for calibration of the data set, and the modified partial least square regression (MPLSR) analysis was performed. The correlation coefficient ($r^2$) and the standard error of cross-validation (SECV) of the calibration models in the CP fractions, A, B1, B2, B3, and C, were 0.94 (1.05), 0.92 (0.74), 0.96 (0.95), 0.91 (0.42), and 0.83 (0.38), respectively. Fifteen samples were used for equation validation, and the $r^2$ and the standard error of prediction (SEP) were 0.87 (1.45), 0.91 (0.49), 0.94 (1.13), 0.36 (0.96), and 0.74 (0.67), respectively. This study showed that NIRS could be an effective tool for the rapid and precise estimation of CP fractions in forage legume mixtures.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.9
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• pp.3672-3684
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• 2015

Recently, the standardization of backward compatible JPEG image coding for high dynamic range (HDR) image has been undertaken to establish an international standard called "JPEG XT." The JPEG XT consists of two layers: the base layer and the residual layer. The base layer contains tone mapped low dynamic range (LDR) image data and the residual layer contains the error signal used to reconstruct the HDR image. This paper gives the result of a study to evaluate the overall performance of tone mapping operators (TMOs) for this standard. The evaluation is performed using five HDR image datasets and six TMOs for profiles A, B, and C of the proposed JPEG XT standard. The Tone Mapped image Quality Index (TMQI) and no reference image quality assessment (NR IQA) are used for measuring the LDR image quality. The peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) is used to evaluate the overall compression performance of JPEG XT profiles A, B, and C. In TMQI and NR IQA measurements, TMOs using display adaptive tone mapping and adaptive logarithmic mapping each gave good results. A TMO using adaptive logarithmic mapping gave good PSNRs.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 2015

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the effects of abdominal ultrasound accompanied by aerobic exercise in shift work employees working in industry. Method: Thirty shift work employees were randomly assigned to either a aerobic exercise group (control group) or a aerobic exercise and ultrasound treatment group (experimental group). The control group carried out aerobic exercise five times per week for 4 weeks, while the experimental group performed aerobic exercise twice per week and received deep ultrasound three times per week for 4 weeks. Result: The results showed that there were no significant differences in body composition between the two groups. There were significant changes in weight, lean body mass, body fat mass, and body mass index in the control group; meanwhile, significant changes in weight and body fat mass were observed in the experimental group. Conclusion: According to the results of this study concerning short-term obesity management programs, aerobic exercise was effective for improving of body composition and weight loss, while aerobic exercise combined with abdominal ultrasound had a good effect secondary complication prevention.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.578-583
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ultrastructural and shear force changes of duck breast and leg meat during aging at $0^{\circ}C$. Pekin ducks (45 d old) purchased from Greemud Co. were used for this experiment, and were stored at $0^{\circ}C$ for 7 d in order to determine the changes of the meat structure using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and shear force. At day 0, A-band, I-band, M-line and Z-line of sarcomeres were seen clearly, but sarcomeres started to lose structure and become extended in length from day 2. With extended aging periods, myofibrils were destroyed and symptoms of aging became more obvious. In the duck breast meat, some myofibrils were also destroyed at the Z-line, but were mainly destroyed at the M-line. The change in structure of duck leg meat over time was similar to that of breast meat. After five days and seven days of aging, mitochondria size and quantity were determined to be increased between the myofibrils. Shear force was decreased over time. From this study, aging at $0^{\circ}C$ was found to negatively influence the ultrastructure and shear force of duck meat.