• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.41-42
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• 1978

시판연제품(市販練製品) 중의 전분함량(澱粉含量)을 분석(分析)한 결과(結果) 포장어묵이 9.6%로서 가장 적고 질(質)이 나쁜 튀김어묵류는 $17{\sim}19%$로서 전분함량(澱粉含量)이 많은 편이었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.1109-1115
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• 1997

Hydrocarbons were analyzed in irradiated beef, pork, dried and seasoned beef, dried anchovy, dried squid, dried shrimp, and fish paste to determine whether the hydrocarbons can be used as markers for detecting post-irradiation of the imported meat and fish products. The samples were irradiated at 0.5, 1, 3, and 6 kGy. Fat was extracted with hexane, and hydrocarbons were separated from the fat through Florisil column. The hydrocarbons were analyzed with GC. Hydrocarbons 15:0, 16:1, 17:1, 16:2, 17:2, and 16:3 in beef and pork, 17:1, 16:2, and 17:2 in dried and seasoned beef, 16:2 in dried anchovy, 16:1 and 17:1 in dried squid, 16:1, 17:1, and 16:2 in dried shrimp, and 16:1, 16:2, and 16:3 in fish paste were detected in the irradiated samples, but not in the unirradiated, so that the hydrocarbons may be used as makers for detecting post-irradiation of each item.

• BMB Reports
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.258-264
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• 2003

This study examined the effect of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) that were supplemented with vitamin E on lipid peroxidation, glutathione-dependent detoxifying enzyme system activity, and lipogenic fatty acid synthase (FAS) expression in rat liver. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed semipurified diets containing either 1% (w/w) corn oil or 10% each of beef tallow, corn oil, perilla oil, and fish oil for 4 wk. Alpha-tocopherol was supplemented in perilla oil (0.015%) and fish oil (0.019%). Hepatic thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, an estimate of lipid peroxidation, were not significantly different among the dietary groups. The glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione S-transferase activities were all elevated by the polyunsaturated fats, especially fish oil. The activity of FAS was reduced in the polyunsaturated fat-fed groups in the order of fish oil, perilla oil, and corn oil. The mRNA contents decreased in rats that were fed the 10% fat diets, particularly polyunsaturated fats, compared with the rats that were fed the 1% corn oil diet. Similarly, the inhibitory effect was the greatest in fish oil. These results suggest that lipid peroxidation can be minimized by vitamin E; PUFA in itself has a suppressive effect on lipogenic enzyme.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.25.1-25.8
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• 2016

The fractionation of serine protease inhibitor (SPI) from fish roe extracts was carried out using polyethylene glycol-4000 (PEG4000) precipitation. The protease inhibitory activity of extracts and PEG fractions from Alaska pollock (AP), bastard halibut (BH), skipjack tuna (ST), and yellowfin tuna (YT) roes were determined against target proteases. All of the roe extracts showed inhibitory activity toward bromelain (BR), chymotrypsin (CH), trypsin (TR), papain-EDTA (PED), and alcalase (AL) as target proteases. PEG fractions, which have positive inhibitory activity and high recovery (%), were the PEG1 fraction (0-5 %, w/v) against cysteine proteases (BR and PA) and the PEG4 fraction (20-40 %, w/v) against serine proteases (CH and TR). The strongest specific inhibitory activity toward CH and TR of PEG4 fractions was AP (9278 and 1170 U/mg) followed by ST (6687 and 2064 U/mg), YT (3951 and 1536 U/mg), and BH (538 and 98 U/mg). The inhibitory activity of serine protease in extracts and PEG fractions from fish roe was stronger than that of cysteine protease toward common casein substrate. Therefore, SPI is mainly distributed in fish roe and PEG fractionation effectively isolated the SPI from fish roes.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.75-81
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• 1986

w-3계 linolenic acid가 풍부한 들깨기름 및 EPA와 DHA가 함유된 말쥐치기름의 혈청 및 간장의 지질성분에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위해 지방산조성이 다른 몇가지 유지를 고콜레스테롤 식이 흰쥐에 식이하므로서 혈청 및 간장중의 지질농도에 미치는 영향을 비교 실험하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 사료섭취량과 증체량은 전 시험군간에 있어 별다른 차이가 없었다. 2. 혈청의총 cholesterol농도는 soybean oil perilla oil및 file fish oil 식이군이 대조군에 비해 유의적으로 낮았다. HDL-cholesterol 농도는 file fish oil 식이군이 가장 높았으며, perilla oil 식이군도 약간의 상승효과가 있었다. 총 cholesterol에 대한 HDL-cholesterol의 비율은 file fish oil식이군이 가장 높았다. 3. 간장의 총 cholesterol농도는 전 시험군간에 유의적인 차이는 없으나 file fish oil 및 perilla oil 식이군에서 약간 낮은 경향이었다. 4. 혈청의 triglyceride농도는 soybean oil 및 perilla oil식이군이 대조군에 비해 유의적으로 낮았다. phospholipid의 농도는 file fish oil식이군이 가장 낮았으며, soybean oil 및 perilla oil식이군에서도 대조군에 비해 유의적으로 낮았다. 5. 간장중의 triglyceride및 phospholipid의 농도는 전시험군간에 유의적인 차이는 없으나, perilla oil식이군이 약간 낮은 경향이었다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 보아 perilla oil 및 file fish oil은 혈청의 총 cholesterol, 및 phospholipid의 농도저하 효과가 다소 있는 것으로 사려된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.1794-1799
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• 2008

This preliminary feeding trial was conducted to study the effects of different dietary selenium (Se) levels on growth performance and toxicity in juvenile black seabream, Acanthopagrus schlegeli (Bleeker). Fish averaging $7.0{\pm}0.1g$ ($mean{\pm}SD$) were fed one of the five semi-purified diets containing 0.21, 0.30, 0.52, 1.29 and 12.3 mg sodium selenite ($Na_2SeO_3$)/kg diet (Se 0.21, Se 0.30, Se 0.52, Se 1.29 or Se 12.3) for 15 weeks. After the feeding trial, weight gain (WG), feed efficiency (FE), specific growth rate (SGR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) of fish fed Se 0.21, Se 0.30, Se 0.52 and Se 1.29 diets were not significantly different, however fish fed Se 12.3 diet showed significantly lower WG, FE, SGR and PER than those of fish fed the other diets (p<0.05). Fish fed Se 0.21, Se 0.30, Se 0.52, Se 1.29 and Se 12.3 diets showed no significant differences in hematocrit (PCV), hemoglobin (Hb) and red blood cells (RBC), however fish fed Se 12.3 diet showed lower values of PCV, Hb and RBC than those of fish fed the other diets. Histopathological lesions such as tubular necrosis and polycystic dilation of tubules in the kidney tissues were observed in fish fed Se 12.3 diet. Se was accumulated in a dose-dependent manner in the liver, kidney, muscle and gill tissues. Based on the results of this preliminary feeding trial, a dietary Se level of 0.21 mg $Na_2SeO_3/kg$ diet could be optimal for proper growth performances, and a dietary Se level of 12.3 mg $Na_2SeO_3/kg$ diet may ultimately be toxic to juvenile black seabream, Acanthopagrus schlegeli.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.33-41
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• 1988

12종(種)의 활어(活魚) 또는 신선어(新鮮魚)의 근육(筋肉)에 있어서 K치(値)의 증가율(增加率) 및 IMP 분해효소(分解酪素)의 활성(活性)에 관(關)한 실험결과(實驗結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. K값은 붉은살어(魚)보다는 흰살어(魚)의 선도판정(鮮度判定) 지표(指標)로서 적당(適當)하나 적신어(赤身魚)라도 혈합육(血合肉)의 함량(含量)이 $0.5{\sim}31%$이므로 지장(支障)이 없을 것으로 사료(思料)된다. 2. K값의 변화속도(變化速度)와 IMP 분해효소(分解酪素) 활성간(活性間)의 상관계수(相關係數)는 0.77이며 고도(高度)의 유의성(有意性)이 인정(認定)된다. 3. 어육내(魚肉內)에는 IMP 분해효소(分解酪素) 활성(活性)의 저해제(沮害劑)가 내재(內在)할 것으로 사료(思料)된다 4. IMP에 대(對)한 PH 활성곡선(活性曲線)은 어종(魚種)에 따라 다른데, 이것은 5'-N tase나 P Mase의 양적(量的), 질적(質的), 존재양식(存在樣式)이 어종(魚種)에 따라 다르기 때문이라 생각된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.551-558
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• 2015

This study was carried out to evaluate the dietary threonine requirement by measuring the plasma free threonine and ammonia concentrations in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss after dorsal aorta cannulation. A total of 70 fish (average initial weight $506{\pm}8.2g$) were randomly distributed into each of the 14 net cages (5 fish/cage). After 48 hours (h) of feed deprivation, each group was intubated at 1% body weight with one of the seven L-amino acid based diets containing graded levels of threonine (0.42%, 0.72%, 0.92%, 1.12%, 1.32%, 1.52%, or 1.82% of diet, dry matter basis). Blood samples were taken at 0, 5, and 24 h after intubation. Post-prandial plasma free threonine concentrations (PPthr) of fish 5 h after intubation with diets containing 1.32% or more threonine were significantly higher than those of fish intubated with diets containing 1.12% or less threonine (p<0.05). Post-absorptive free threonine concentrations (PAthr) after 24 h of intubation of the fish with diets containing 0.92% or more threonine were significantly higher than those of fish intubated with diets containing 0.72% or less threonine. Post-prandial plasma ammonia concentrations (PPA, 5 h after intubation) were not significantly different among fish intubated with diets containing 1.12% or less threonine, except the PPA of fish intubated with diet containing 0.42% threonine. Broken-line model analyses of PPthr, PAthr, and PPA indicated that the dietary threonine requirement of rainbow trout should be between 0.95% (2.71) and 1.07% (3.06) of diet (% of dietary protein on a dry matter basis).

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.297-306
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• 2005

It is known that dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) shows a dual effect, prooxidant or antioxidant, depending on the do-sage or physiological status of animals. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of DHEA administration at low dose on lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation and fatty acid composition in liver. Sprague Dawley male rats were fed either com oil diet containing $15\%$ com oil or fish oil diet containing $2\%$ corn oil + $13\%$ sardine oil, with or without $0.2\%$ DHEA for 9 weeks. Atherogenic index and hepatic triglyceride and cholesterol levels were significantly reduced by DHEA administration in rats fed with fish oil diet. Hepatic lipid peroxide product (TBARS) and protein carbonyl levels were significantly higher in rats fed with fish oil diet than in rats fed with corn oil diet. However, DHEA administration significantly reduced the hepatic thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) and conjugated diene levels in rats fed with fish oil diet. Contents of C16 : 0, C16 : 1, C20 : 5 and C22 : 6 in hepatic microsome were higher in rats fed with fish oil diet than in rats fed with corn oil diet, and contents of C18 : 2 and C20 : 4 were lower than in rats fed with com oil diet. DHEA administration significantly increased C16 : 0 and C18 : 3 contents and reduced C18 : 2 content in rats fed with com oil diet, while it increased C16 : 0 and C18 : 1 and reduced C20 : 5 and C22 : 6 in rats fed with fish oil diet. On overall, DHEA administration increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) and reduced polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in hepatic microsome, thereby PUFA/SFA ratio was significantly (p < 0.0001) reduced without the change of n-3/n-6 ratio. Taken together, low dose of DHEA administration lowered PUFA/SFA ratio in hepatic microsomal membranes and also showed antioxidative effect especially in fish oil-induced highly oxidative stress condition through blocking increases of C20 : 5 and C22 : 6 contents.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.323-331
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• 2019

Purpose: Glucocorticoids (GCs) are implicated in secondary osteoporosis, and the resulting fractures cause significant morbidity. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play a vital role in bone metabolism. However, few trials have studied the impact of omega-3 PUFA-containing oils against GC-induced osteoporosis. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to determine whether supplementation with omega-3 PUFA-containing dietary oils such as fish oil, flaxseed oil or soybean oil can impede the development of GC-induced osteoporosis. Methods: The fatty acids (FAs) content of oils was determined using gas chromatography. Male rats were subdivided into 5 groups (8 rats each): normal control (balanced diet), prednisolone control (10 mg/kg prednisolone daily), soybean oil (prednisolone 10 mg/kg + soybean oil 7% w/w), flaxseed oil (prednisolone 10 mg/kg + flaxseed oil 7% w/w), and fish oil (from cod liver; prednisolone 10 mg/kg + fish oil 7% w/w). Results: The study data exhibited a significant depletion in bone mineral density (BMD) and femur mass in the prednisolone control compared to the normal control, accompanied with a marked decrease in the levels of plasma calcium and 1,25-$(OH)_2$-vitamin $D_3$, and elevated levels of C-terminal telopeptide (CTX), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-${\alpha}$) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Supplementation with fish oil, soybean oil or flaxseed oil helped to improve plasma calcium levels, and suppress oxidative stress and inflammatory markers. Additionally, bone resorption was suppressed as reflected by the decreased CTX levels. However, fish oil was more effective than the other two oils with a significant improvement in BMD and normal histological results compared to the normal control. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that supplementation with dietary oils containing omega-3 PUFAs such as fish oil, soybean oil or flaxseed oil can play a role in the prevention of bone loss and in the regulation of bone metabolism, especially fish oil which demonstrated a greater level of protection against GC-induced osteoporosis.