• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.121-136
• /
• 2005

Most human-error case of accident database is written by various description and expression because accident database is produced by two or more person. And extracted information by searching of database varies in researcher's judgment criteria and the capability. Furthermore, much time and effort are required to examine manually information related to the human error from each accident case. Accordingly, it is difficult to explore objectively the accidents relevant to the human-error from the accident data base which is accumulated enormously. In this study, to solve these problems, it was developed an searchig method which is not influenced by researcher's judgment criteria and capability. For this, human-error keywords were extracted from a Japanese-English dictionary to examine objectively the accident case related to human-error in data base. This searching method by the human-error keywords can be applicable in most accident databases, although a database will be accumulated in future. Also, using the searching technique of this research, knowledge obtained by searching result can be compared with other research's results by the same method. Although the number of accident case increasese, searching results from database have the objectivity because it is not necessary to modify the based searching method or change the human-error keywords. However, as subject of future investigation, it would be necessary that the extension and investigation on human-error keywords improve and the technique to enhance searching accuracy would be modified.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.83-98
• /
• 2021

본 연구는 서울소방재난본부의 IoT 소방시설관리시스템에 기록된 실시간 화재알람 발생 데이터를 분석하여, 화재알람 발생 영향요인을 규명하고 이를 바탕으로 효과적인 화재사고 예방체계를 구축하기 위한 학술적 시사점을 제시하는데 있다. 도심지역을 중심으로 고층·복합건물의 수가 증가하고 기존 건물도 고도화되면서, 화재 등 비상상황 발생 시 상주인원의 신속한 대피와 초동대응을 돕는 자동화재탐지설비의 설치가 늘어나고 있다. 그러나 화재상황을 잘못 탐지하여 정확성이 낮아지면 상주인원의 불편이 늘어나고 신뢰성도 줄어들기 때문에, 효율적인 점검과 건물 환경 조사를 통해 시스템을 개선할 필요가 있다. 이번 연구는 잘못된 화재탐지가 용도나 시간 등 건물 특성 및 외부 환경에 기인함을 밝히고, 이에 근거하여 효율적인 시스템 점검과 건물 환경 개선이 필요함을 강조하는 것에 목적을 두고자 하였다. 분석 결과, 건물의 규모(연면적)가 화재알람 발생에 가장 큰 영향을 끼쳤고 민간 건물, R형 수신기인 건물, 고장일수 또는 경종차단일수가 많은 건물에서 화재알람 발생이 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 건물의 주용도에 따라 화재알람 발생의 영향요인이 다르게 나타나기도 하였다. 시간적으로는 평일 주간 사람들의 일상 활동 패턴(오전 9시~오후 6시)을 거의 그대로 따르는 것으로 나타났으며, 오전 10시 경, 오후 2시 경에 각각 최고치를 기록했다. 연구를 통해 시스템 내부 점검과 함께 화재알람 발생에 영향을 끼치는 건물 환경 조사도 필요함을 강조하고, 후속 연구와 시스템 고도화를 위해 실시간 건물 환경 정보를 추가 데이터화하는 방안 등의 제안을 하였다.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제34권5호
• /
• pp.37-45
• /
• 2019

The characteristic of fire and explosion related to electrostatic discharge is that it is difficult to reproduce the electrostatic charge and discharge phenomenon in addition to the large human and material damage. Therefore, in order to prevent accidents and disasters related to electrostatic in fire and explosion hazard areas, it is important to manage the level of electrostatic in a safe manner from the perspective of system between industrial facilities and human bodies. Rule 325 of the Occupational Safety and Health Regulations, "Prevention of Fire / Explosion due to Electrostatic", requires the use of grounding, conductive materials, humidification and electrification in order to prevent the risk of disaster caused by static explosion and electrostatic in the production process. In order to comply with these measures, related technologies, standards and systems are needed from the viewpoint of preventive measures related to electrostatic in fire and explosion hazard areas, but in Korea, it is still insufficient. Therefore, technical, institutional and managerial measures are needed as a precautionary measure to improve the level of ESD safety in fire and explosion hazard areas and prevent electrostatic related injury. In Korea, we analyzed the current status and characteristics of electrostatic related disaster by using the statistics of industrial accident and fire statistics of the Ministry of Employment and Labor. We also analyzed the current status and characteristics of electrostatic related disasters in Japan using JNIOSH accidents and disasters investigation cases and JNIOSH fire accident data of Japan Fire Bureau. The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the current status of electrostatic related accidents and disasters in Korea and Japan in order to improve the safety management of electrostatic in fire and explosion hazard areas. In order to prevent accidents and disasters in the industrial field, The technical, institutional, and managerial measures to manage the level of electrostatic in a safe state were derived from the system point of view.

• 한국환경농학회지
• /
• 제38권4호
• /
• pp.269-272
• /
• 2019

BACKGROUND: Since 2015, fire blight disease caused by Erwinia amylovora has been devastating apple and pear orchards every year. To quickly block the disease spreading, infected apple and pear trees have been buried in soil. However, concern on the possibility of the pathogen survival urgently requires informative data on the buried host plants. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the survival of the pathogen from the buried host plants. METHODS AND RESULTS: Apple trees buried in 42 months ago in a Jecheon site and pear trees buried in 30 months ago in an Anseong site were excavated using an excavator. Plant samples were taken from stems and twigs of the excavated trees. The collected 120 samples were checked for rotting and used for bacterial isolation, using TSA, R2A, and E. amylovora selection media. The purely isolated bacteria were identified based on colony morphology and 16S rDNA sequences. Wood rotting and decay with off smells and discoloring were observed from the samples. A total of 17 genera and 48 species of bacteria were identified but E. amylovora was not detected. CONCLUSION: Our investigation suggests that the survival of E. amylovora doesn't seem possible in the infected hosts which have been buried in soil for at least 30 months. Therefore, the burial control can be considered as a safe method for fire blight disease.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.30-35
• /
• 2010

For the safe handling of acetone, the flash point, the explosion limit at $25^{\circ}C$ and the temperature dependence of the explosion limits were investigated. And the AIT for acetone were experimented. By using the literatures data, the lower and upper explosion limits of acetone recommended 2.5 vol% and 13.0 vol%, respectively. In this study, the lower flash points of acetone recommended $-20^{\circ}C$. This study was determined relationship between the AITs and the ignition delay times by using ASTM E659-78 apparatus for acetone, and the experimental AIT of acetone was $565^{\circ}C$. The new equations for predicting the temperature dependence of the explosion limits of acetone is proposed. The values calculated by the proposed equations were a good agreement with the literature data.

• 지식경영연구
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.23-42
• /
• 2023

본 연구는 화재 대응에서 소방관의 의사결정이 중요하지만 이에 대한 연구가 부족하다는 점에서 시작하였다. 다양한 경험과 서로 다른 임무를 가진 소방관의 화재대응 의사결정요인을 Q방법론을 통하여 유형화함으로써, 현재의 기술 및 데이터 수준에서의 한계와 향후 미래 소방 R&D 영역을 확인하는데 시사점을 주고자 하였다. 본 연구의 결과, 소방관의 주관성은 「구조 관련 직접 정보 중시형」, 「대상물 정보 중시형」, 「지휘 관련 정보 중시형」 3가지로 구분되었다. 본 연구는 이론적으로 소방관의 화재 대응시 의사결정요인에 대한 주관성은 소방관의 경험이나 직무에 따라서 부분적으로 차이가 난다는 점을 확인하였다. 그리고, 일반 이론의 수준에서 보편적인 의사결정과정이나 의사결정요인이 아닌 화재대응의 구체적 의사결정요인을 수집하여 연구를 수행하였다는 점에서 그 의의가 있었다. 뿐만 아니라, 정책적 관점에서 의사결정요인에 대한 소방관의 주관성을 유형화함으로써 소방의 데이터기반 행정을 위하여 필요한 데이터 수요를 발견하였다는데 의의가 있었다. 특히, 본 연구의 결과는 우리나라의 현장 경험에 기반한 의사결정과정에 대한 선호는 소방관이 해당 경험을 제대로 할 수 있도록 현장의 상황을 더 빠르고, 정확하게 파악할 수 있도록 돕는 장비의 개발이나 실시간 데이터 수집 지원에 대한 노력이 필요하다는 것을 시사하였다.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.28-33
• /
• 2009

This study examined the mounting status of cigar lighter receptacles for vehicles and analyzed the tracking phenomenon that occurs when foreign material entered a cigar lighter receptacle to obtain data for the analysis of accident investigation. Regardless of the vehicle's output, cigar lighter receptacles are mounted in a vehicle horizontally, vertically, or at tilting or inclined angle. The tilting type cigar lighter receptacle is much easier to use but current leakage resulting from foreign materials (coffee, beverages, water, etc.) falling into the cigar lighter receptacle may cause a fire to start. This study used a vehicle battery (DC 12V) as a power supply for the tracking test and configured its circuit in the same way as that of an electrical device in a vehicle. The tracking phenomenon that occurred in the standby mode of the vehicle exhibited a fine flame and an irregular occurrence of smoke. While this tracking phenomenon was occurring, the leakage current and the reaching distance of the flame were measured to be approximately 930mA and $20{\sim}50cm$, respectively. It is thought that the resultant flame may ignite toluene, dust, cigarettes, etc. It was observed that as the tracking progressed, the internal metal socket melted and a hole was created, the surface of which was also severely carbonized. In addition, the electrical resistance of the carbonized conductive path was measured to be approximately $30{\Omega}$. It is thought that this much resistance may cause local heating when leakage current flows and could ignite any nearby flammable material.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
• /
• 제24권6호
• /
• pp.7-12
• /
• 2010

본 논문은 누전에 관한 것으로 누설전류에 의한 열적 상관관계를 도출하는데 그 목적을 두고 있다. 누전 모델은 개방 및 밀폐상태(분전반 내부)로 구분하고, 누전개소에 목 분진과 빗물, 목탄을 첨가하여 누전전류에 대한 열적 상관관계를 특성을 분석하였다. 개방상태의 90mA에서 목 분진과 빗물은 $88.8^{\circ}C$, 목탄의 경우는 $105^{\circ}C$로 목탄시료가 목분진과 빗물보다 높은 열적 특성이 나타났다. 또한 목탄에 누설전류 110mA를 흘렸을 때 $238.6^{\circ}C$로 주위의 전기설비(전기배선, 분전반)의 재질의 변형을 초래할 수 있다. 밀페된 상태에서는 같은 90mA에서 목 분진과 빗물에서는 $90.8^{\circ}C$, 목탄의 경우 $250.6^{\circ}C$로 목분진과 빗물의 경우는 비슷한 양상을 보이나, 목탄의 경우는 2배 이상의 높은 열적 특성을 보였다. 개방 및 밀폐상태에서 시료에 따른 열적특성 데이터는 전기화재 조사나 누전전류에 대한 열적 기초 자료로 활용 가능하다.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제32권4호
• /
• pp.79-88
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of personal, job, and health care characteristics of firefighters on musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and job stress. This survey was participated 591 firefighters in jeonnam and Busan city. The survey consisted of 1) personal, job, and health care characteristics measurement, 2) job stress measurement (KOSS, Korean Occupational Stress Scale), 3) musculoskeletal disorders symptoms mesurement. The analysis of the data was using SAS 9.1 Ver. The statistics analysis was performed the frequency, percentage, average, and standard deviation for each survey item. The Chi square analysis was performed to analyzed the effects of personal, job, and health care characteristics on MSDs and job stress. According to the results of the study on musculoskeletal disorders symptoms, 49.6% of the subjects perceived pain related to musculoskeletal diseases. The total score for job stress was 51.6 (SD 12.9), which was the highest 50% when compared to the Korean job stress standard (male). Age, department, work experience, working type, position, and sleeping time were found to affect musculoskeletal disorders and job stress.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
• /
• 제23권5호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2009

최근 건축물의 비약적인 발달에 따라 점차 초고층화 대형화 지하심층화 등 다양하게 변화하고 있다. 하지만 이러한 대형건축물은 화재 시 기존의 사양적인 설계로서는 인명의 피난안전을 확보할 수 없다. 따라서 이러한 대형건축물의 피난용량 확보를 위하여 재실자의 밀도를 정립하는 방안의 기초연구로서 대형할인마트를 대상으로 재실자밀도 실태조사를 실시하였다. 조사 결과로 0.30, 0.46, 0.42, 0.38 인/$m^2$로 조사되었다. 실태조사를 토대로 국내의 대형할인마트의 재실자밀도 정립에 관한 재실자밀도 값을 제시하였다.