• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.651-654
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• 2003

Non-destructive testing is essential in the inspection of alteration, repair and new construction in construction industry. This paper is to evaluate the strength variation of fire damaged concrete by non-destructive testing. Furthermore, It is to infer the recovery degree of residual strength of fire-damaged concrete. For this purpose, researchers are exploring the performance of non-destructive testing method using ultrasonic testing and Schmidt hammer in concrete specimens. Testing is performed four-times: before fire test, directly after fire test, after 20 days and after 60 days.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.488-495
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• 2007

In spite of regular electrical safety inspection and improvement management of incongruent facilities, over 80 percent of electrical fires were generated in electrical facilities for general use, and the prevention of electrical safety accidents gets more difficult because of incomprehension on electrical safety inspection system, the increasement of non-inspection electrical facilities user, un-installation of residual current protective devices and leaving unsuitable equipments alone. This paper analyzed electrical safety inspection system of electrical facilities for general use and results of safety inspection and electrical fire statistics, and deducted the related problems. Also, improvement method of safety management of electrical facilities for general use was proposed in view of electrical safety inspection system, inspection implementation method, electrical fire statistics establishment, electrical safety consciousness and remote electrical safety inspection system.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.51-58
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• 2014

This paper presents a fire exposure test result to evaluate fire resistance capacity of retrofit method using FRP (Fiber Reinforced Polymer) in reinforcement concrete structure. Especially, this paper focused on near-surface-mounted retrofit method; FRP is mounted into the groove after making a groove in concrete. In the test, main parameters are retrofit method and materials for fire proofing. Spray type of perlite and board type of calcium silicate were considered as external fire proof on surface while particle of calcium silicate and polymer mortar as internal one in groove. By increasing the temperature of inside heating furnace, the transfer of temperature from surface of fire proofing material to groove in specimen was measured. As a result, fire proofing using the board of calcium silicate was more effective to delay the heat transfer from outside than spraying with perlite. It was found that the fire proofing could resist outside temperature of $820^{\circ}C$ at maximum to keep the temperature of epoxy below glass transit temperature (GTT).

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.28-36
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• 2024

In this study, an analytical evaluation of evacuation safety in typical road tunnels was conducted. The Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) was employed to perform fire simulations with varying fire sizes to determine the allowable evacuation time in road tunnels. Additionally, evacuation simulations were performed using Pathfinder, considering the width of barrier doors and the spacing of evacuation passageways, to calculate the required evacuation time. A comparison between the allowable and required evacuation times was conducted to assess the impact of fire size, passageway spacing, and barrier door width on tunnel evacuation safety. The results from the fire and evacuation simulations indicated that an increase in fire size and passageway spacing, along with a decrease in door width, resulted in an increase in the number of casualties. Conversely, increasing the barrier door width to more than 1.2meters led to a reduction in casualties as passageway spacing increased.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.85-92
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• 2009

This paper studied on the development of standardization tester for the field inspection of the rate of rise spot type heat detector. It was to find the problems of the 4 type's testers such as A type (electric bulb type), B type (halogen lamp type), C type (heating coil type), D type (fumigator type) which were used to check of the rate of rise spot type heat detector in inspection for the fire protection. To identify those problems, this paper described about the development of standardization tester for the field inspection of the rate of rise spot type heat detector and that have the function of auto setting temperature more $30^{\circ}C$ higher than room temperature and keep the constant temperature. And keep the constant wind velocity of 85cm/sec. Performance verification results of the developed prototype that had same conditions such as the sensitivity test conditions at the type approval of the rate of rise spot type heat detector.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.23-29
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to reduce the probability of occurrence of electric fires as a preemptive preventive measure, and to strengthen the capability of preventing electric fires by strengthening the cooperative function between electric fire-related departments and establishing a cooperative system. In this study, the general aspects of electric fires were identified by reviewing the literature such as ignition mechanisms of electric fires. And the major electrical fires that occurred in the last 10 years were classified into ignition factors (short circuit, overload/overcurrent, and earth leakage/ground fault) and ignition sources (wiring/wiring appliances, electrical equipment/household appliances). And the 4M technique was used to analyze the potential causes of ignition at the fire site and to suggest preventive measures. In the case In this study, out of 48 electrical fires in the past 10 years, 16 short-circuit fires, 3 overload/overcurrent fires, 3 short-circuit and earth fault fires, 16 fires in wiring/wiring appliances, and 10 fires in electrical equipment/home appliances classified as cases. And prevention measures were presented in terms of human, machine, media, and management by using the 4M technique. For the preemptive prevention of electric fires, strengthening the compulsory electrical safety inspection and making it mandatory to report when new or expanding electric facilities, charging a fee for electric safety inspection for detached houses and granting benefits subject to inspection completion, improvement of the electric safety voluntary inspection table and safety indications; It was suggested as a policy to organize and operate electrical safety inspection personnel in a two-person team (mixed), establish a close work cooperation system with related organizations, and strengthen electrical safety education and publicity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.113-114
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• 2020

In the design and maintenance of buildings, identifying the degree of damage in the event of a fire is an important factor in fire prevention and fire safety design. In order to predict fire damage, safety measures should be established by predicting the nature of evacuation according to fire, smoke and in-house characteristics, and the effects of the operation of fire safety facilities should also be considered, but in Korea, the risk analysis due to the operation of fire safety facilities is insufficient. Accordingly, this study uses fire statistics and sprinkler inspection data to analyze the degree of fire damage caused by the operation of sprinkler facilities in a probabilistic manner.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.128-137
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• 2014

Sprayed fire resistive materials are mainly used at steel structures to satisfy fireproof construction standard. However, the regulations on bond strength have been not considered with the exception of structures in the nuclear power plants, although it is an important factor showing material properties. Therefore, this paper suggested guidelines for bond strength of sprayed fire resistive materials used in the substation, by measuring bond strength according to aging of structures and impact loading considering environment of substations. It is judged that the bond strength suggested in this paper is the minimum value because it was measured from specimens widely used.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.190-196
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• 2006

In the existed study, a fire outbreak in a reinforced concrete structure looses the organism by the different contraction and expansion of hardened cement pastes and aggregate, and causes cracks by thermal stress, leading to the deterioration of the durability. So accurate diagnosis of deterioration is needed based on mechanism of fire deterioration in general concrete structures. Fundamental information and data on the Properties of concrete exposed to high temperature are necessary for accurate diagnosis of deterioration. Therefore, This study is willing to propose fundamental data for quick and accurate diagnosis of deteriorated concrete structure by fire damage with making variable concrete test specimen, exposing high temperature environment, observing the explosive spalling and examining engineering property.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.124-129
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• 2016

According to the current law, on-site flame resistant-treated interior decorations should pass the flame resistant performance test through a 45 degree combustion test from the district fire department. Although a 45 degree combustion test is the most accurate method for determining the flame resistant performance, it can be unreliable when tested on unauthorized samples. To avoid unauthorized sampling, this study suggests on-site flame resistant inspection by X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. Ten types of flame resistant paint were spread on plywoods and MDFs and the components were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. As a result, due to a difference amounts of substances in each paint, each flame resistant paints showed its own characteristic spectrum and the contents of each substance could be determined. On-site flame resistant inspections can be used efficiently when institutional procedures are created.