• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.12
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• pp.555-586
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• 1999

United States has extended the extraterritorial application of U.S. Antitrust Law in 1990s. First, The U.S. Federal Supreme Court declared in Hartford Fire Insurance Co. v. California that the extraterritorial application of U.S. Antitrust Law is according to Effect Doctrine. Therefore, U.S. Antirust Division and FTC will continue to base their assertions of juridiction on the test of direct, substantial and foreseeable effects on U.S. interests. Second, U.S. Antitrust Law apply to foreign conduct that such conduct has direct, substantial and reasonably foreseeable effect on U.S. domestic or import commerce and export commerce. Third, United States has extended the extraterritorial application of U.S. Antitrust Law on international licensing contract or international merger. Forth, United States impose criminal responsbility of U.S. Antitrust Law on the foreign anticompetitive conduct. Therefore, our government and industries must consider the corresponding stratigies against the extension of the extraterritorial application of U.S. Antitrust Law.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.57-62
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• 2011

The flash point is one of the most significant combustion properties of flammable liquids in industrial processes when evaluation process safety, In this paper, Cleveland open cup tester is used to measure the flash points for the two binary systems (n-propanol + formic acid and acetic acid + propionic acid). The measured flash points were compared with the values calculated by the Raoult's law and the optimization method using van Laar and Wilson equations. The calculated values based on the optimization method were found to be better than those based on the Raoult's law.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.54-63
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• 2010

The buildings relevant to the law should be designed performance-based necessarily according to "Fire-Fighting System Installation Business Act" amended, January 1. 2009. Performance based design means that building design reflects structure, size, purpose, and building capacity to achieve the most effective design of fire-fighting system. Performance based design has meaning to buildings that it is insufficient to control fire-fighting by previous law-oriented design or inappropriate by uniform design, because of buildings becoming bigger and higher. However, it is difficult to implement the system actually, because laws relevant to fire-fighting prescribe only the object and the required qualifications of performance based design, but they don't have rules to enforce performance based design for specific parts. This study suggests improvements for a desirable implementation of performance based design in legal aspects, by analyzing the current legal regulations related to performance based design.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.69-75
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• 2002

Current fire safety in the construction sites has developed piecemeal over a considerable period of time. However, the law and regulation of fire safety is insufficient to protect fro in the construction sites. The frequency of fire in the construction sites is very rare but it brings longterm deterioration durability of building structure and large scale industrial calamity. There are many process of works and each work deals with many kind of flammable material, so it is very difficult to find a proper safety fire prevention. This study executed the questionnaire and fire experiment of the welding work to provide effective fire prevention counterplan.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.9-16
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• 1988

This study is intended to suggest some ideal measures available in the course of construction from the viewpoint of an architect to reduce damage of human lives and Properties caused by fire accidents in buildings. For this study, 7 buildings burnt by conflaguration in Seoul during the years of 1985 and 1987 are picked up, and 105 withnesses, who were present in one of them at them at fire, are traced for personal interview and respones to the written questionaire about 5 main issues; their perceptional behaviour, their emotional state at that time, their reactions to avoid danger, their escape routes, and their usual awareness to prevent fire. Some desirable measures suggested here are ;making Provisions to install fire centers in large buildings and underground structures in the fire fighting law, and requlating to compose fire units appropriate to the quantity of combustibles inside, limit the length of a blind corridor, furnish balustrade, and limit the width of the landing of the stairs in building code and regulations. Such measures should be considered from the time of planning to construct a building, and some drill and education in fire prevention is demanded for the occupants of the buildings too.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.280-283
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• 2003

A purpose of our research is an acquisition of cooperative behaviors in inhomogeneous multi-agent system. In this research, we used the fire panic problem as an experiment environment. In Fire panic problem a fire exists in the environment, and follows in each steps of agent's behavior, and this fire spreads within the constant law. The purpose of the agent is to reach the goal established without touching the fire, which exists in the environment. The fire heat up by a few steps, which exists in the environment. The fire has unsureness to the agent. The agent has to avoid a fire, which is spreading in environment. The acquisition of the behavior to reach it to the goal is required. In this paper, we observe how agents escape from the fire cooperating with other agents. For this problem, we propose a unique CMAC based Q-learning system for inhomogeneous multi-agent system.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.20 no.4 s.64
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• pp.77-90
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• 2006

This is for Criminal Law problem that can be happened during the rescue working of 119 rescue member. There are mainly 3sections can be Criminal Law Problem. At first, denying a rescue request. Second, thing that do not transfer patient or people need someone's help by their refusal. Third, emergency medical management. It can be criminal act if somebody do the 3sections thing under Law about emergency medical treatment. It also can be homicide under Criminal Law or accidental homicide, a charge of injuring a person if people need rescue die or become worse through the work. Rescuers are responsible for a criminal case by their carelessness and fault. A plan has to remain to protect them when they do violence to the life and health of a people inevitably. This paper examines the plan can protect them through the analysis and application of related Law about rescuer's work which can be Criminal Law Problem, presents rational establish plan of Rescuer Protect Law to make them their job well as a rescuer.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.54-60
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• 2008

The occurrence of fires in heavily populated multiplex buildings is a serious concern. It causes a great threat to many people and a serious social problem. Whenever this kind of fire happens, the authorities are busy preparing partial countermeasures to control the crisis situations. Luckily, the government has enforced a special law regarding safety supervision of majority-used buildings to prepare the basic countermeasures for the buildings' safety. Recently, the multiplex buildings which have multi type compounds have increased in size by getting bigger and bigger. As there are many people who would need to escape and the complicated structures like mazes in buildings of this type, it is not only difficult to prevent a fire but also easy to cause a large loss of lives. For a better fire safety supervision of the buildings, there needs to be passers and owners' good sense of safety, fire proof of the buildings and education of the fire authorities.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Fire Investigation
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.34-38
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• 2004

제조물책임법(Product liability Law) 시행이후 각종 전자제품에 대한 분쟁사례가 끊이지 않는 가운데 최근 비데(Bidet)에서 화재발생사례가 대두됨으로서 전자식비데에 대한 전반적인 특성 및 발화가능성에 대한 예측등을 통하여 이해도를 높이고 화재발생사례를 바탕으로 이론적 고찰에 접근해 보고자 한다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.196-202
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• 2018

There have been more than 40,000 cases of fires in Korea in the last three years. However, as 'Accidental Fire Liability Act' was judged to be non-conform to the Constitution in 2007, the damages by light mistakes should be compensated. Accordingly, disputes such as compensation claims, litigations and indemnification cases of the victims of fire increased. However, it is so difficult for victims of fire cases to take proper action. So, this study is to help victims of fire cases in the disputes and compensation claims of the victims, and to find actual and practical support system based on the analysis of compensation status. To help victims of fire cases, we need to survey about victims of fire cases with multiple victims. That survey is analyzed to find support plan for victims. Furthermore, to find support plan the current law is needed to be analyzed and reviewed to revision. It is also tried to identify problems in the operation of the Center for victims of Fire currently operated by fire stations and to find countermeasures. In addition, the status of subscription and problem of fire insurance for the compensation for the victims and the method to increase fire insurance subscription rate will be studied.