• 한국광물학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.42-47
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• 1992

해남 성산광산에서 산출되는 명반석에서 나타나는 진동누대구조를 back-scattered electron(BSE) 상과 전자현미분석기를 이용하여 연구하였다. 이런 누대구조는 편광현미경 하에서는 관찰되지 않자만, BSE상에서는 아주 명확히 관찰된다. 전자현미분석에 의하면 이런 누대구조는 명반석 구조 내 A 자리에서 칼륨을 치환하는 나트륨의 양적인 차이에 의하여 생긴다는 것을 지시한다. BSE상에서 밝기가 증가함에 따라 칼륨의 양은 증가하지만, 나트륨의 양은 감소한다. 섬세한 작은 규모의 누대구조와 인접한 zone사이의 명확한 경계는 이런 진동누대구조가 성장하는 명반석 결정주변의 열수용액의 성분의 변화에 기인하여 형성된 것임을 가리킨다. 이러한 변화를 초래한 요인은 1) 유입되는 유체 성분의 변화 및 2) 보다 안정한, 나트륨이 적은 명반석의 따른 침전에 의한 용액성분의 변화일 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.5-17
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• 2002

Objectives : Videostrobokymography(VSK) has been recently developed and reported by Sung et at. We aimed to analyze vibratory patterns and objective parameters in various benign vocal fold lesions using VSK, and examine the efficacy of VSK in clinical application. Materials and Methods : Using VSK, we analyzed the vibration pattern of normal vocal fold and various benign lesions, such as nodules, polyps, cysts, Reinke's edema and unilateral vocal fold paralysis. We also calculated objective parameters, open quotient and asymmetric index, and compared them with mean values of parameters in normal controls. Results : In nodules, polyps, and cysts, the open quotient on the site of the lesion was similar to the mean value in normal controls, however, on the other part of the vocal folds it was much larger than normal mean value. In Reinke's edema, irregular and asymmetric vibration was observed. The posterior portion of the vocal folds showed larger open quotients than the anterior portion. In the unilateral vocal fold paralysis, irregular vocal folds vibration and incomplete closure of the vocal folds were documented. Much larger asymmetric indices were calculated in the unilateral vocal fold paralysis than in normal controls and other lesions. The asymmetric index could be a good quantitative parameter of vibration from a patient with vocal fold paralysis. Conclusion : This study demonstrated that VSK could generate clear quantitative documentations of fine vibrations of vocal folds in many different benign lesions. VSK has a potential as an effective tool for quantitative analysis of vibratory patterns of the vocal folds iii clinical settings.

• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.235-246
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• 2012

연안방재계획 수립을 위한 기초자료 생성의 일환으로 태풍에 의한 해일 범람모의를 수행하였다. 통상적인 침수-노출 처리가 불가한 직립안벽을 갖는 항만역의 특징이 반영되도록 가상의 내부제방 개념을 도입하여 해석하였다. 목포항에 대한 실제해역 적용에 앞서 단순해역에서 다수의 적용성 평가를 통해 내부제방의 폭은 1 m가 적정한 것으로 평가되었다. 해일범람으로 인한 침수면적과 침수심 산정에 민감하게 작용하는 육역의 침수-노출 처리기법에서의 최소침수심은 격자에 의존적이나 10 m 내외의 유한요소 상세격자에서는 0.01 m가 적정한 것으로 판단된다. 기존 태풍경로에 준거한 100년 빈도급 중심기압과 최대풍속을 가지며 비대칭 경도풍과 파랑효과가 고려된 가상태풍의 내습에 따른 목포해역의 침수예상역이 모의되었다. 침수면적은 기존 연구결과와 유사성을 나타내지만 항만권역 일부에서 확대 가능성이 있는 것으로 평가된다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제31권8호
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• pp.1252-1261
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to grasp the utilization of traditional Korean Patterns used for fashion cultural products. To achieve this purpose, this study examined the range of fashion cultural products through literature review, previous researches, and market surveys and analyzed the situation of fashion cultural products and the kinds, expression methods, expression techniques, and repeat styles of utilized patterns. The analysis results are as follows. First, in the use of traditional pattern, the most frequently-used fashion cultural products were small and inexpensive accessories, followed by fashion apparel, miscellaneous goods, and living cultural goods. Second, the most frequently-used traditional patterns were plant patterns, especially flower patterns. The next frequently-used ones were mixed patterns, especially in the mixture of flower and letter patterns, and $cloisonn\'{e}$ and flower patterns. The next frequently-used traditional patterns were animal patterns(especially butterfly patterns), followed by geometric patterns, lucky omen patterns, and letter patterns. In the expression methods of used patterns, most products except handicrafts preferred simplified patterns to real patterns. Finally, in the expression techniques of traditional patterns, the most frequently used technique was traditional embroidery, followed by the use of weaving fabrics such as fine gauze and brocade which are used for Hanbok. Also, transfer dyeing which is one of printing techniques, DTP(digital textiles printing), a mixed technique which adds embroidery to weaving fabrics, hand-painting, and a gilt technique were used. The results of this study suggest that most fashion cultural products except few designers' works attached weight to some specified patterns and expression techniques regardless of the characteristics of products since there is little understanding of a variety of patterns and are few researches and development on expression techniques.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.35-44
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• 1982

The fat bodies of cabbage worm (Pieris rapae) and silk worm (Bomyx mori) during metamorphosis was comparatively studied by electron microscope. 1. Cell oranelles: Golgi apparatus were not observed in both species. It is observed that RER of cabbage worms initiate to degenerate in prepupa stage with complete degeneration at adult stage, while that of silk worms shows similar degenerative pattern. However, mitochondria of cabbage worms are transformed into autophagic vacuole from prepupa stage until adult stage whereas those of silk worm shows a decrease in number in prepupa stage but maintains a certain level until adult stage. 2. Storage substance in cell: Lipid droplets in cabbage worms were observed to increase in numbers during larval stage but afterward decrease in number with an enlargement in size. However immediately after their pupal stage, they almost disappear. On the contrary lipid droplets in silk worms show rather increase in number until adult stage. Protein storage granules in bothspecies were arised from autophagic vacuoles(lysosome) . Fat cells of cabbage worm in adult stage turn out to be residual bodies which last until final stage, but those of silk worm rapidly decrease. Glycogen particles in both species reach maximum at last larval instar and thee gradually decrease thereafter. 3. Fat body sheath: The average width of fat body sheath was measured to be $0.2{\mu}m$ and $0.6{\mu}m$ and surface of fat cells adjacent to fat body sheath in silk worm is heavily infolded.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.55-65
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to investigate the comparison of physical properties of nonprecious metal alloys colored goldish yellow. The experimental groups were copper based dental alloy and control group was Ni-Cr based dental alloy used crown and bridges frameworks. Hardness was tested by vickers hardness tester, tensile strength was tested by universal tension tester. After testing the tensile strength of castings, the microstrucure and the pattern of fracture were investigated by scanning electron microscope and metallurgical microscope. The results were as follows : Hardness of Ni based alloy was higher than Cu based alloys. Hardness number of A group was 200.41$\pm$16.10 Hv, B group was 194.33$\pm$1.69 Hv, C group was 139.29$\pm$2.19 Hv and D group was 293.81$\pm$27.17 Hv, respectively. Tensile strength of D group was 56.42$\pm$6.17 $kg/m^2$, A group was 50.39$\pm$5.68 $kg/m^2$, C group was 45.13$\pm$4.53 $kg/m^2$, B group was 45.25$\pm$9.25 $kg/m^2$, in order, and D group was maximum tensile strength. The fractured surfaces of tensile specimens in the all groups showed the tendency to form large voids in the center of specimens. Thus the ductile fracture was changed into the brittle fracture with the fine grain size.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.201-207
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• 2004

Dissolved air flotation (DAF) is a solid-liquid separation process that uses fine rising bubbles to remove particles in water. Most of particle-bubble collision occurs in the DAF contact zone. This initial contact considered by the researchers to play a important role for DAF performance. It is hard to make up conceptual model through simple mass balance for estimating collision efficiency in the contact zone because coupled behavior of the solid-liquid-gas phase in DAF system is 90 complicate. In this study, 2-phase(gas-liquid) flow equations for the conservation of mass, momentum and turbulence quantities were solved using an Eulerian-Eulerian approach based on the assumption that very small particle is applied in the DAF system. For the modeling of turbulent 2-phase flow in the reactor, the standard $k-{\varepsilon}$ mode I(liquid phase) and zero-equation(gas phase) were used in CFD code because it is widely accepted and the coefficients for the model are well established. Particle-bubble collision efficiency was calculated using predicted turbulent energy dissipation rate and gas volume fraction. As the result of this study, the authors concluded that bubble size and recycle ratio play important role for flow pattern change in the reactor. Predicted collision efficiency using CFD showed good agreement with measured removal efficiency in the contact zone. Also, simulation results indicated that collision efficiency at 15% recycle ratio is higher than that of 10% and showed increasing tendency of the collision efficiency according to the decrease of the bubble size.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.341-347
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• 2017

많은 양의 문서 데이터가 증가됨에 따라 사용자는 해당 문서를 이해하기 위한 요약된 정보를 필요로 한다. 그러나, 기존 문서 요약 연구 방법들은 지나치게 단순한 통계에 의존함으로써 문장의 모호성 및 의미 있는 문장 생성을 위한 다중 문서 요약 연구가 미흡한 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 의미적 연결 관계에 대한 파악 및 불필요한 정보를 처리하기 위한 전처리 과정을 거치며, 어휘 의미 패턴 정보를 기반으로 VAE를 이용하여 문장 간의 의미적 연결성을 높인 다중 문서 요약 기법을 제안하였다. 문장을 이루고 있는 단어 벡터들을 이용하여, 잠재된 변수로 생성된 압축된 정보와 속성 판별기로부터 학습을 한 후 문장을 재구성함으로써 의미적 연결 처리가 자연스러운 요약문을 생성하였다. 제안된 방법과 다른 문서 요약 방법을 비교했을 시 미세하지만 더 향상된 성능을 나타냈으며, 이는 의미적 문장 생성 및 연결성을 높일 수 있음을 증명하였다. 앞으로, 다양한 속성 설정 값을 가지고 실험하여 의미적 연결 관계를 확장할 수 있는 방법을 연구하고자 한다.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.85-97
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• 2017

Research has suggested that conventional lightweight concrete can offer durability advantages due to reduced cracking tendency. Although a number of publications exist providing the results of laboratory-based studies on the durability performance of lightweight concrete (with lightweight coarse aggregate) and internally cured concrete (using prewetted lightweight fine aggregate), far fewer field studies of durability performance of conventional lightweight concrete bridge decks in service have been performed. This study was commissioned to provide insight to a highway agency on whether enhanced durability performance, and therefore reduced maintenance and longer lifecycles, could be anticipated from existing lightweight concrete bridge decks that were not intentionally internally cured. To facilitate performance comparison, each lightweight bridge deck selected for inclusion in this study was paired with a companion normalweight bridge deck on a bridge of similar structural type, deck thickness, and geometric configuration, with similar age, traffic, and environmental exposure. The field-observed cracking of the decks was recorded and evaluated, and crack densities for transverse, longitudinal, and pattern cracking of the normalweight and lightweight deck in each pair were compared. Although some trends linking crack prevalence to geographic location, traffic, and age were observed, a distinct difference between the cracking present in the paired lightweight and normalweight bridge decks included in this study was not readily evident. Statistical analysis using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) to adjust for age and traffic influence did not indicate that the type of concrete deck (lightweight or normalweight) is a statistically significant factor in the observed cracking. Therefore, for these service environments, lightweight decks did not consistently demonstrate reduced cracking.

• Advances in materials Research
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.139-149
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• 2014

Surface enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) has attracted attention because the technique enables detection of various chemicals, even down to single molecular scale. Among the diverse candidates for SERS substrates, Au nanoparticles are considered promising due to their fine optical properties, chemical stability and ease of surface modification. Therefore, the fabrication and optical characterization of gold particles on solid supports is highly desirable. Such structures have potential as SERS substrates because the localized surface plasmon resonance of gold nanoparticles is very sensitive to combined molecules and environments. In addition, it is well-known that the properties of Au nanoparticles are strongly dependent on their shape. In this work, arrays of shape-controlled Au nanoparticles were fabricated to exploit their enhanced and reproducible optical properties. First, shape-controlled Au nanoparticles were prepared via seed mediated solution-phase synthesis, including spheres, octahedra, and rhombic dodecahedra. Then, these shape-controlled Au nanoparticles were arranged on a PDMS substrate, which was nanopatterned using soft lithography of poly styrene particles. The Au nanoparticles were selectively located in a pattern of hexagonal spheres. In addition, the shape-controlled Au nanoparticles were arranged in various sizes of PDMS nanopatterns, which can be easily controlled by manipulating the size of polystyrene particles. Finally, the optical properties of the fabricated Au nanoparticle arrays were characterized by measuring surface enhanced Raman spectra with 4-nitrobenezenethiol.