• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.283-290
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• 2015

As society has evolved to the knowledge and information society, the importance of internal information of the company has increased gradually. Especially in financial institutions which must maintain the trust of customers, the disclosure of inside information is a big problem beyond the a company's business information disclosure level to break down sales-based businesses because it contains personal or financial transaction information. Recently, since massive outflow of internal information are occurring in several enterprises, many companies including financial companies have been working a lot in order to prevent the leakage of customer information. This paper describes the internal information leakage incidents occurred in the finance companies, the PC security vulnerabilities exists despite the main security system and internal information leakage prevention and suggests countermeasures against increasing cyber infringement threats.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.573-585
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• 2021

The banking sector is one of the most important sectors in Pakistan's struggling economy. Recent studies have recommended that suitable methods can be applied to predict bankruptcy. In this context, this work analyzes Pakistan's banking sector's financial status through the five-factor Altman Z-score model, which determines the probability of bankruptcy for an organization. Banking data has been collected through the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) in the period 2013-2017. The Z-score assessment criteria is defined as: Z> 2.99 - "safe" zone; Z> 1.8 Z>2.98- "grey" zone; and Z <1.8 - "distress" zone. Results show good predictions for the local banking industry, while most foreign Pakistani banks were found bankrupt with the Z-score below 1.1. One of the financial risks investors face when investing in any company is the risk of bankruptcy. One of the most used models for predicting financial distress for any company is Altman's Z-score model. On the other hand, the Z-score analysis suggests that all banking establishments are not bankrupt because they have sufficient ability to control bankruptcy. At the same time, foreign banks failed financially and would not be able to be sustained in the future because they do not have the ability to pay the short-term and long-term debt.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.543-561
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• 2012

This work is for reasonable valuation method of environmental-friendly and organic company. Reasonable valuation method is principal for the sound development, the reasonable investment and the growth of stock market. This study proposes valid valuation and method for environmental-friendly and organic company. The author selected 4 companies from certificate list of environmental-friendly and organic food and LOHAS (Lifestyles Of Health And Sustainability) food of Korean standards association. Applying financial audit report of 5 years, the author output 5 variables from each companies by using Growth Option model of Real Option model. And the author valuated companies by adding option value calculated with these variables and residual value discounted with cash flow discounted method. Company values from ROV model were 1.71 time higher than DCF model. This results show that the value of environmental-friendly and organic food company may own high option premium, that is the growth factor.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.17-37
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• 2004

The aim of this study is to analyze Internet homepages of Korean companies. This study especially concentrates on consumer information and communication on a company Internet homepage. The method of this study is to review a company internet homepage. Main findings are as follows. 1) Consumer information is classified into product, living, study, law and regulation related to product, consumer's product evaluation, consumer education, A/S, company info. about branch stores, financial data, webzine and entertainment. 2) Communication type is classified into B2C and C2C, but Korean company concentrates on B2C communication channel.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.11-33
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• 2010

The majority of graphs and visuals made publicly available by Thai listed companies tend to be disjointed and minimal. Only a little over fifty percent of the total 478 companies included graphic representations of their business operations and performance in the form of two or three dimensional spreadsheet based graphs in their annual reports, investor relations documents, websites and so on. For novice users, these visual representations are unlikely to give the big picture of what is the company's financial position and performance. Neither will they tell where the company stands in its own operating environment. The existing graphics and visuals, in very rare cases, can provide a sense of the company's future outlook. For boundary users such as audit committees whose duty is to promote good governance through transparency and disclosure, preliminary interview results show that there is some doubt as to whether the inclusion of big-picture visuals can really be of use to minority shareholders. These boundary users expect to see more insightful visuals beyond those produced by traditional spreadsheets which will enable them to learn to cope with the on-going turbulence in today's business environment more quickly. However, the debate is still going on as to where to draw the line between internal or external reporting visuals.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2002

Estimating the Value-at-Risk (VaR) of a non-listed or newly listed company in stock market is impossible due to lack of stock exchange data. This study employes Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) for estimating VaR's of those companies. CBR enables us to identify and select existing companies that have similar financial and non-financial characteristics to the unlisted target company. The VaR's of those selected companies can give estimates of VaR for the target company. We developed a system called VAS-CBR and showed how well the system estimates the VaR's of unlisted companies.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.109-115
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• 2024

To develop a shipping company insolvency prediction model, we sampled shipping companies that closed between 2005 and 2023. In addition, a closed company and a normal company with similar asset size were selected as a paired sample. For this study, data of a total of 82 companies, including 42 closed companies and 42 general companies, were obtained. These data were randomly divided into a training set (2/3 of data) and a testing set (1/3 of data). Training data were used to develop the model while test data were used to measure the accuracy of the model. In this study, a prediction model for Korean shipping insolvency was developed using financial ratio variables frequently used in previous studies. First, using the LASSO technique, main variables out of 24 independent variables were reduced to 9. Next, we set insolvent companies to 1 and normal companies to 0 and fitted logistic regression, LDA and QDA model. As a result, the accuracy of the prediction model was 82.14% for the QDA model, 78.57% for the logistic regression model, and 75.00% for the LDA model. In addition, variables 'Current ratio', 'Interest expenses to sales', 'Total assets turnover', and 'Operating income to sales' were analyzed as major variables affecting corporate insolvency.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.41-57
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• 2009

Although financial information is a great influence upon determining of the group which use them, detection of management fraud and earning manipulation is a difficult task using normal audit procedures and corporate credit evaluation processes, due to the shortage of knowledge concerning the characteristics of management fraud, and the limitation of time and cost. These limitations suggest the need of systemic process for !he effective risk of earning manipulation for credit evaluators, external auditors, financial analysts, and regulators. Moot researches on management fraud have examined how various characteristics of the company's management features affect the occurrence of corporate fraud. This study examines financial characteristics of companies engaged in fraudulent financial reporting and suggests a model and system for detecting GAAP violations to improve reliability of accounting information and transparency of their management. Since the detection of management fraud has limited proven theory, this study used the detecting method of outlier(upper, and lower bound) financial ratio, as a real-field application. The strength of outlier detecting method is its use of easiness and understandability. In the suggested model, 14 variables of the 7 useful variable categories among the 76 financial ratio variables are examined through the distribution analysis as possible indicators of fraudulent financial statements accounts. The developed model from these variables show a 80.82% of hit ratio for the holdout sample. This model was developed as a financial outlier detecting system for a financial institution. External auditors, financial analysts, regulators, and other users of financial statements might use this model to pre-screen potential earnings manipulators in the credit evaluation system. Especially, this model will be helpful for the loan evaluators of financial institutes to decide more objective and effective credit ratings and to improve the quality of financial statements.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technology Innovation Society Conference
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• 2015.11a
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• pp.411-417
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• 2015

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.1475-1487
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• 2018

To verify remitter's identity when the remitter transfers money to a recipient using an electronic financial service provided by the financial institution, the remitter inputs the information; such as the withdrawal account number, the withdrawal amount, the password pre-registered with the financial company, or the information from authenticating medium that is previously distributed by the financial institution. However, the 1-Way transaction between the financial institution and the remitter is exposed to a great risk of accidents such as an anomaly remittance or a voice phishing fraud. Therefore, in this study, we propose a 2-WAY trade verification model for electronic financial transaction that can be mutually agreed by allowing the recipient to share the transaction information with the remitter and the financial company. We have improved the traditional electronic financial transaction's method by replacing it to 2-WAY trade method, and it is used for various purposes; such as preventing an error within the remittance or voice phishing fraud, enhancing loan transaction and contract transaction, etc. Through these variety of applications, we are expecting to reduce the inconveniences while improving the convenience of financial transaction and vitalizing the P2P transaction of financial institution.