• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Information Technology Applications Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.301-304
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• 2005

Most of the small and medium industries rather focus on immediate problems and how to properly maintain organizational matters and existing system than the strategic and operational use of Information Technology when they deal with applications and operation of Information System. This study found out that there were few studies on IT outsourcing for small and medium companies in Korea compared to large enterprises' IT outsourcing. Most preceding studies researched the problems of partnership and technical, managerial, and economical success factors for big companies. Small and medium companies have the problems of financial difficulty, organizational scale (40.3%), shortage of manpower for system operation (24.1%), and lack of practical use of managers (8.9%). SMB firms have required support of government for their Informationalization but, we found out amount of companies (41%) not be informed or don't account on government's supporting IT of SMB programs. In addition, Range and Contents of outsourcing, Reputation of Outsourcing vendor, Reliability of maintaining were selected as CSFs of SMB IT outsourcing. While large corporation staff more considered CEO's willing and inner facts of their companies.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.26
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• pp.203-223
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• 2005

Many international transactions involve the use of security devices, commonly referred to as "guarantees", "bonds", or "standby credits", designed to protect one of the parties from a breach by its counter-party. These security mechanisms may be provided by banks, insurance companies, specialized surety companies, or other financial service firms. Although some legal systems distinguish between "guarantees", "bonds", and "indemnities", these terms are often used as synonyms in the everyday language of international traders. It may therefore be necessary to examine the particular characteristics and nature of the guarantee obligation in order to properly classify the guarantee. Two main categories of guarantee are demand and suretyship. Under a demand guarantee, the guarantor must pay on first demand by the beneficiary. The beneficiary only has to demand payment under the guarantee - there is no need to prove that the principal has actually defaulted on a contractual obligation. Under a suretyship or conditional guarantee, the obligation of the guarantor is triggered by the actual default or contractual breach of the principal, as evidenced in a document such as a court judgement or arbitral award against the principal. Guarantees have been widely used in the international business transactions. Main uses of guarantees are as follows : Performance Bonds/Guarantees, Bid(or Tender) Bonds/Guarantees, Advance Payment or Repayment Bonds/Guarantees, Retention Bonds/Guarantees, Maintenance(or Warranty) Bonds/Guarantees etc.

• Journal of Applied Tourism Food and Beverage Management and Research
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• v.9
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• pp.67-91
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• 1998

This study reviews the rating system of hotels and restaurants regulated by french gouvernment and compares the french guide books of worldwide reputaion : Guide rouge of Michelin and Guide France of Gault-Millau. The apparatus of gouvernment and the inspectors deciding the grades, the processes and the prior conditions needed for obtaining the adequate grades are mentioned. So it will be a help to understand the present system of hotels and restaurants in France. The publishing firms like Michelin and Gault-Millau not only encourage the trvel and F & B industry by estimating the hotels and restaurants and publishing the results, but also informe the consumer. Ultimately, the guide books would like to play an important role in improving or making better the levels of the tourism and the gastronomy. They support continuously the publishing of guide books with the qualified persons and financial aid. Especially, Michelin doesn't insert the advertisement in his publications. In publishing the guide books, it can be one of the most important points for proving his independence of hoteliers, restaurateurs and the others. The seconde point is impartial, clear and rigid inspection that doesn't admit any corruption. Now is the moment in korea to promote the tourism and the gastronomy by publishing the credible books like 「Guide rouge」 and 「Guide France」in order to present Korean attrations and epicurean foods.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.209-226
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• 2016

Recently, there is a growing interest in Fintech which is a business based on using IT to provide financial services. At the early stage of diffusion of Fintech, one of the issues raised is the concern for information security. This study examines actual users' information privacy concern and user resistance to Fintech services. We also investigates the effects of social influence and mobile Internet literacy on information privacy concern and user resistance. In particular, this research verifies the interaction effect between regulatory focus and information privacy concern to influence user resistance. Based on the findings, the results of this study provide strategic implications for firms which attempt to reduce user resistance to Fintech services and proliferate Fintech usage.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2009.12a
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• pp.374-377
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• 2009

기업 경영이 점차 글로벌화 되어가는 환경 하에서 중소기업의 경쟁력강화대책의 일환으로 경영컨설팅 지원사업이 시작된 지 10년이 되었다. 그동안 실증적인 사후자료에 의한 평가는 전무한 실정으로 본 연구에서는 중소기업 쿠폰제 경영컨설팅 사업을 통한 사업참여 중소기업의 재무적 상황을 중심으로 사업참여 전 후를 비교 분석함으로써 본 사업의 시행성과를 분석하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 2005년도 중소기업 쿠폰제 경영컨설팅 지원사업 참여기업 중 지원사업 중 지원예산의 규모가 가장 크고, 업체에 지원금액이 많은 사업 혁신과제컨설팅(II)부문의 컨설팅을 수행한 기업들을 대상으로 수집한 재무비율분석 자료를 활용하여 사업참여 이전 및 이후의 재무상황 변화를 분석하였으며, 2005년을 기준으로 이전 1년 및 이후 2년간을 비교하였으며, 2005년 중소기업 쿠폰제 경영컨설팅 지원사업 혁신과제컨설팅(II) 70업체 중 사업참여 이전 및 이후 2년간의 자료를 구할 수 있는 34개 업체를 대상으로 하였다. 각 년도별 표본의 재무비율 산출은 EXCEL 2007을 사용하였으며, 쿠폰제 경영컨설팅 전 후 두표본 집단간의 차이 검증은 SPSS win 15.0K의 Wilcoxon 부호순위검정을 실시하여 검증하였다. 검증결과 경영컨설팅 전 후 전반적으로 가설은 기각되고, 성장성지표의 매출액증가율 및 활동성지표의 경영컨설팅 후 2년 총자산회전율은 기각되지 않으나 역의 영향력(설명력)을 가진 것으로 나타나, 쿠폰제 경영컨설팅사업의 실질적인 효율성 제고가 필요하다.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.445-472
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• 2015

Although knowledge transfer between two different parties occurs in IS development projects, the majority of prior studies focused on knowledge transfer from IT consultants to clients. Considering two parts of knowledge transfer in IS development projects, we must consider both 'where knowledge is transferred from' and 'where it is transferred to'. Therefore, in this study, we attempt to describe two different routes of knowledge transfer, such as knowledge transfer from an IT consultant to a client and knowledge transfer from a client to an IT consultant. In this regard, we have examined the effect of two different routes of knowledge transfer on system implementation success in IS development project. Specifically, we adopted the knowledge stock-flow theory to examine the causal relationship between IT consulting firms and clients in terms of knowledge transfer and eventual system implementation success. Survey data collected from 213 pairs of individuals (both clients and IT consultants) were used to test the model using three different analytic approaches such as PLS (partial least squares) and two types of mediated regression techniques. We found that knowledge transfers partially mediated both the relationships between IT consultants' IT skills (project members' business knowledge) and system implementation success. Furthermore, the effects of each knowledge transfer were distinguished by depending on the types of system, such as ERP or groupware. Our attempts have significant implications for both research and practice given the importance of effective knowledge transfer to IT consulting.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.5752-5758
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• 2012

We investigate whether consumers' expectations affect managers' decisions. In particular, we examined whether the expectations that consumers make about the changes of their financial situations and family incomes are positively related to the decisions that managers make about advertising expenditures. We analyzed consumers' expectations as well as the advertising expenditures of 6,018 firms between 1991 and 2011. Our analysis supported our hypothesis. Our findings contribute to the discussions regarding the effect of consumer expectations on manager decisions as well as provide practical implications to advertising managers.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.91-105
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• 2012

This paper examines the investment efficiency of Korean venture capitals during 1987~2006 (20 years), focusing on their selection capability. Despite the Korean government's efforts, venture capital industry has evolved in a slow speed. Since the genesis of venture paradigm in Korea at 1997, venture capital industry as a macro unit has been fully discussed in Korean contexts. But venture capital's activities at micro level regarding each investment's outcome have not been examined. This study attempts to fill the voids of micro knowledge about each investment success rates by venture capitals. We analyzed venture investment records in 4,791 venture startups and their success rates. Their investment criteria were relevant to high potential industries and amount of tangible assets. But their criteria were not relevant to R&D intensity and financial growth of venture firms, which may indicate low level of maturity about Korean venture capital industry. We found that Korean venture capital's investment pattern may be originated from the low return of investment, so that efficiency of IPO markets is a prerequisite for the upgrade of venture capitals' efficiency. Some policy implications are discussed.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.71-79
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• 2020

Balanced Scorecard (BSC) is one of basic contents of managerial accounting. Balanced Scorecard (BSC) will help the manager to measure and evaluate the operating performance in enterprises. Therefore, providing the theory base as well as in fact with regards to apply with Balanced Scorecard, impact of applying with Balanced Scorecard on the performance of company, from then providing for the managers with the base to promote on applying the Balanced Scorecard in Vietnamese Enterprises aimed to improve the operating performance of enterprises meaningfully and neccessary. However, balanced scorecard in general is a very new content in both theoretical and practice in Viet Nam. The study aims to explore the application with Balanced Scorecard in enterprises according to 4 perspective of Balanced Scorecard in Vietnamese commercial banks. In the dimension of this paper, SPSS 22 was used to collect and analysis data, basing on the results of 109 questionnaires of managers and head of department from Vietnamese commercial banks. Research have shown impact of Balanced Scorecard on the performance of Vietnamese commercial banks. This is the scientific basis for enterprises of Vietnam in general and Vietnamese commercial banks firms in particular have a successful application of balanced scorecard to improve the business performance.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.73-79
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to explore how small and medium enterprises in India has identified the opportunities and challenges in adopting the Web 3.0 technologies to improve their productivity and efficiency. After an in-depth literature review, researchers framed a semi-structured questionnaire with open-ended questions for collecting responses from managers working in 40 Indian SME's representing five key economic sectors. The collected data was analyzed, and themes were encoded using the NVivo 11 computer-assisted qualitative data analysis software. Content analysis was used to analyze the data collected with the semi-structured interviews. This study identified five key themes and 12 subthemes illustrating the key advantages and challenges as perceived by the managerial leadership of SMEs. The five key themes identified in this study include integration of data and services, the creation of new functionalities, privacy and security, financial and technological challenges, and organizational challenges. The results of this study will benefit the organizational leadership of SMEs in planning and developing their short-term and long-term information systems strategies and will enable SME leaders to make optimal use of their information technology assets, improving the productivity and competitiveness of the firms. Web 3.0 technologies are considered as emerging technologies, so the advantages and challenges of using these technologies for SMEs have not been explored in the context of emerging economies, such as India.