• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.329-352
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• 2005

Long term observations of full-disk Lyman-o irradiance have been made by the instruments on various satellites. In addition, several sounding rockets dating back to the 1950s and up through the present have measured the $Lyman-{\alpha}$ irradiance. Previous full disk $Lyman-{\alpha}$ images of the sun have been very interesting and useful scientifically, but have been only five-minute 'snapshots' obtained on sounding rocket flights. All of these observations to date have been snapshots, with no time resolution to observe changes in the chromospheric structure as a result of the evolving magnetic field, and its effect on the Lyman-o intensity. The $Lyman-{\alpha}$ Imaging Solar Telescope(LIST) can provide a unique opportunity for the study of the sun in the $Lyman-{\alpha}$ region with the high time and spatial resolution for the first time. Up to the 2nd year development, the preliminary design of the optics, mechanical structure and electronics system has been completed. Also the mechanical structure analysis, thermal analysis were performed and the material for the structure was chosen as a result of these analyses. And the test plan and the verification matrix were decided. The operation systems, technical and scientific operation, were studied and finally decided. Those are the technical operation, mechanical working modes for the observation and safety, the scientific operation and the process of the acquired data. The basic techniques acquired through the development of satellite based solar telescope are essential for the construction of space environment forecast system in the future. The techniques which we developed through this study, like mechanical, optical and data processing techniques, could be applied extensively not only to the process of the future production of flight models of this kind, but also to the related industries. Also, we can utilize the scientific achievements which are obtained throughout the project And these can be utilized to build a high resolution photometric detectors for military and commercial purposes. It is also believed that we will be able to apply several acquired techniques for the development of the Korean satellite projects in the future.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.30
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• pp.201-219
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• 2013

Development of digital media in education field at America, UK, Japan etc bring big progress on digital device if education. Japan bring huge progress on digital education by nationally. UK use huge a national budget at digital education development and Sweden which is advanced country of education and a welfare state. Especially UK and Sweden's digital education markets are full now aspect more high quality design. Korea which is advanced country of IT adopted digital text book 2007 with mathematics, through science and English digital text book through the state. Korea's digital text book is in a transition period. that needs case study of advanced country of education for setting design guide and educational effect to digital education media and device plan. All researches are based on LG europe design center at London. Analysis by using KJ method, survey of questionnaire, heuristic method at 4 schools in UK and Sweden. Through analytical researches want to more reality simulation at digital education, and high quality contents with digital socialization. co-work with analog, can get any where, anytime user want without any difficulty. Also interactive GUI design of digital education device to easy to access for user. When plan Digital text book content and design needs methodical design guide for target who students and environment an in-depth study of the appraisal and method. The results of the research are introduce the design plan as a basic research and giving useful design plan to make digital educational media in Korea industrial aspect.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.72-86
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• 2014

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of mulching of easily-decomposable organic materials including rice powder and corn starch on rice paddy fields. The treatments were including seven mulching materials each consisted of rice powder [Rice], starch with black color [Starch-B] and transparent [Starch-T] and stone powder [Stone], and conventional vinyl [Conventional], no-mulching without herbicide [Control-O] and no-mulching with herbicide [Control-C]. Rice growth and yield were different among the treatments; the highest yields were observed for [Rice] ($6.51ton\;ha^{-1}$) and [Conventional] ($6.47ton\;ha^{-1}$) followed by [Starch-T] ($6.25ton\;ha^{-1}$) and [Stone] ($6.20ton\;ha^{-1}$) which is comparable to the [Control-C] ($6.15ton\;ha^{-1}$). However, [Starch-B] showed lower rice yield ($4.93ton\;ha^{-1}$) than the [Conventional] or [Control-C]. Mean soil temperature ranged form 23.6 to $24.1^{\circ}C$ with the highest temperature for [Rice] treatment, and cumulative soil temperature was also significantly higher in the [Rice] treatment. Among the soil parameters, electrical conductivity, organic matter content, and phosphorus concentration were also different among the treatments. The amount of earthworm casting was higher for [Rice] treatment ($17.7kg\;m^{-2}$) compared to the others ($5.5{\sim}9.8kg\;m^{-2}$). It was suggested that mulching of rice fields with organic materials containing rice powder is better than others in respected to rice yield and earthworm activity.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.21-28
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• 2000

A new fourty six 2-(4-(6-chloro-2-benzoxazolyloxy)phenoxy)-N-phenylpro- pionamide derivatives were synthesized and the herbicidal activities against rice plant and barnyard grass with pre-emergence in down land were measured. The structure activity relationships (SAR) between the activities and physicochemical parameters of the substituted(X) N-phenyl group in substrates were analyzed and discussed by Free- Wilson and Hansch method from the basis on the former study (Sung. et. al., 1999). The conditions of selective herbicide activity both the barnyard grass and rice plant are shown that the optimal hydrophobicity, $({\pi})_{opt.}=1.34$ and electron donating with field effect (F<0) of meta and ortho, para-substituted mono or disubstituent on the N-phenyl ring were found to contribute significantly. The herbicidal activities against barnyard grass are roughly the same as the results in up land whereas damage to rice plant in down land more increase than that of up land. Degradation products in water are 2-(4-(6-chloro-2-benzoxazolyloxy)phenoxy)propionic acid ((A)) (obs. pKa=4.35 & obs. logP=4.77) and 6-chloro-2-benzoxazolone (B) (obs. pKa=8.40 & obs. logP=2.90). These results were supposing that the hydrolysis product of substrates, (A) is comparatively absorbed in rice plant but not in barnyard grass. And it is assumed from the SAR equations that the 2,6-dimethyl-4-methoxymethyl group substituent ($pI_{50}=5.41$, 3g/ha) is selected as the most highest herbicidal activity against barnyard grass in green house.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.76-87
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• 2015

The present study examines the Saekgyeong (Classic of Husbandry; 1676), an agricultural manual dating from the Joseon Dynasty (1392-1910), and the agricultural thought of its author by Park Se-dang (pen name: Seogye; 1629-1703), a scholar. Its purpose lies in exploring the value of contemporary urban agriculture based on an examination of the attitudes toward agriculture, the values pursued through agriculture, and the ways of dealing with and using land as evinced by the classic and its author. Confirmed through an examination of Park's agricultural philosophy and the Saekgyeong, the results of the present study are as follow. First, there is the socioeconomic value of pursuing the stability of and promoting the economic independence of indigent petty peasants through productivity improvement. Second, there is the experiential value of exploration through experience and agricultural field practice for study. Third, there is the environmental value of endeavoring to overcome an infertile natural environment through agricultural methods that sought to accommodate the land by reading the flow and phenomena of nature. Fourth, there is the practical value of compiling the Saekgyeong and seeking to broaden its use as a guidebook containing agricultural methods appropriate to the land and the wisdom for life.8) When examined in terms of contemporary urban agriculture, the significance of the four values above is as follows: the socioeconomic effect of encouraging urban agricultural activities as a means of welfare for socially alienated classes and promoting the creation of jobs; the enhancement of the significance of study through hands-on activities from an educational perspective; the recycling and recovery of resources and the enhancement of environmental consciousness for the recovery of urban ecology; and a practical spirit that seeks to contribute directly to society through academic research that contributes to practical life and approaches familiar to the populace. The present study sought to find the value of urban agriculture, under discussion in diverse ways in recent years, in the thoughts of our ancestors, who pondered on agriculture. Despite differences in the periodic background, the significance of the present study lies in its in-depth reexamination of the fundamental significance of diverse agricultural values that are being pursued today.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.114-134
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• 1998

The conception of pyo(標) bon(本) joong(中) in the part of woongihak(運氣學) of negeong(內徑) one of the important thing that decides the relation between six gi(六氣) and samyum and samyang(三陰三陽) or between each other's of samyum and samyang itself, it says that the relation of Pyo-rce(表裏). So this conception from the ancient times have been used to explain the theory of meridian(經絡) and organs(五臟六腑) and in other important field of oriental medicine - Sanghannon(傷寒論), it became basis of explanation of pcthoiogical principles in the system of six kyung(六徑). At first, the subject or this study is limited to the rament of $\ll$Somun(素問)$\gg$ in order to find the accurate and original meanings of pyo(標) bon(本) joong(中). And the meanings are studied by the way of expanding it's meaning with basic conceptions of woongihak(運氣學) and astronomy included in negeong(內徑). In this study, the results are summarized as the followings. 1. The contents of - the 68th chapter of negeong(內徑), concerning pyo(標) and joong(中) come under chogi(初氣) and joonggi(中氣) of the same chapter, after consideration of astronomical knowledge. And they become active during the period that last about 30days, a haft of one step(一步) of kaekgi(客氣). 2. Bon(本) as a kind of six gi(六氣) that is revealed from internal principle of something, that is to say Ohhaeng(五行), comes mainly under the kaekgi(客氣) of woongihak(運氣學) with the meaning of 'sign' is thai the specific properties of six gi(六氣) are revealed to our sight, so we can feel that through the change of nature, Joong(中) is the other property hidden in the inside of six gi(六氣), that is a portion of original nature(本性) like the bon(本). 3. The relation of pyo(標) and bon(本) is like that bctween the principle hidden inside in all things(理) and it's expression into the real world(氣) also similar to thai of yumyang(陰陽) and ohhaeng(五行). Therefore bon(本), though it means one of the six gi(六氣), hale the property of ohhaeng(五行) and pyo(標) is revealed, with an appearance of samyum-samyang(三陰三陰). 4. pyo(標) and joong(中) are also the both sides of yum(陰) and yang(陰) that revealed under the change of yumyang-ohhaengl(陰陽五行) in the nature. For example, if the one is yang(陰), the other is yum(陰). In the process that the change of all things is revealed out, first the property of pyo(標) appears strongly and then that of joong(中) appears comparatively weakly. But, in spite of the inhibitive relation of yumyang(陰陽), pyo(標) and joong(中) promote each other. 5. Under the course of change. It happens according to the bon(本), the property of ohhaeng(五行) in the case of soyang(少陽) and taeyum(太陰), because the effect of moisture(濕) and fire(火) that makes hyung(形) and gi(氣) is very strong in the universe. In the case of taeyang(太陽) and soyum(少陰), it happens according to the bon(本) and pyo(標) because they hare the polarity of water and fire(火水), at the same time, are not separated each other. In the case of yangmeong(陽明) and gualyum(厥陰), the change appears only according to the joong(中), but not strongly because the phase of yangmeong(陽明) and gualyum(厥陰) is a lull phase processing to the next one.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.186-196
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• 2018

Junior colleges are higher education institutions that have played a major role in the economic development of Korea by providing the necessary human resources for its industrial development. Recently, however, they have experienced difficulties due to the reduction in the number of students. Therefore, it is time for junior colleges as a representative higher vocational education institution to change their role in this rapidly changing environment, and adopt a survival strategy through mutual cooperation and competition. The purpose of this study was to analyze the current state of the national health universities, to investigate the policy changes adopted by colleges and universities, and to utilize the results as data. This study analyzed the current status of health science colleges nationwide and investigated the policy changes as well as the directions presented to the colleges, in order to use the results as the basic data to promote the diversification of the class periods and degree programs. This study surveyed 636 professors from health sciences departments and industry workers from May 1 to May 30, 2017. 70.7% of the respondents supported the transition of the existing three-year systems of the health science departments to four-year systems. The reason for this is that it is possible to strengthen the field practice and personality education of the students by having a sufficient number of class periods, and to provide them with an equal educational background. The most anticipated effect of the transition to a four-year system is to improve the social status of medical personnel and to improve the educational environment of the colleges/universities. Moreover, the universities, associations of medical personnel and Ministry of Education are expected to play a leading role in the transition to the four-year system. Based on the results of this study, it was concluded that a more systematic and advanced vocational education system for the training of professional healthcare workers is needed in the upcoming fourth Industrial Revolution era. Also, this transition is expected to actively foster the education of advanced health care workers thanks to the diversification of the degree programs through the adjustment of the class periods which can be completed by general university (4-year) graduates.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.12
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• pp.225-243
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• 2006

This study is focused on the relation in the motive and the evaluation for the job in a special private security field. The supplement of the outstanding human resources is one of most important matter to improve the private security industry. For it the applicant's motive and evaluation of whose quality should be screened to recruit proper and oustanding human resources into the industry. For the study the follow elements would be considered. First, What is the real motive to apply the job and how prospect on the job the applicant will be taken. Second, what is different point of view to the job between male and female. Third, what relationship is in achieving the job performance between the temporary motive and the planed motive. Forth, what effects are on the job satisfaction and the planed motive for the job. With the above elements the survey was taken based on each sex for the study and the results are out as below. a) Male is in higher than female in taking with unplaned job motive and for job satisfaction is much higher in 1-20 age range. b) In general, the expectation on the job is much higher than the current job status, the male are in the expextation on the job and the female are in the the current job status. c) The job satisfaction is on positive effect to the planed taken job but the unplaned taken job is on negative. From the Research the most concerning element on the recruiting new employee is applicant's positive attitude on the job he/she will be taken.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.27-40
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• 2010

Background and Objective : Increasing interest in anti-aging and anti-wrinkling agents for the skin has triggered the recent outflow of researches and studies in this field. This study was designed to investigate the effects of bee venom on skin wrinkling and skin aging by testing the skin wrinkling, skin elasticity, trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL), free radical level, anti-oxidative agent level, and skin tissue after infusion of bee venom on hairless mouse. Materials and Methods : Fifteen hairless mice aged between 36~40 weeks were divided randomly into 3 Group; the Bee Venom Syringe Group, the Bee Venom Needle Group, and the control group. The Bee Venom Syringe Group were injected subcutaneously with bee venom (0.1cc in total) using an insulin syringe on three spots in the lumbar spine (one spot on the center and two spots 1~2cm to the side bilaterally). The Bee Venom Needle Group were pricked with bee venom-smeared acupuncture needles on three longitudinal spots in the lumbar spine each 1cm apart, after which the needles were removed 10 minutes later. The Control Group did not receive any form of intervention. All procedures took place thrice a week for four weeks, during which the mice were allowed free access to water and fodder. The mice were measured and compared in the weight, skin wrinkling scale, skin elasticity, and TEWL before and after the experiment. After the experiment, blood samples were taken to measure the free radical and anti-oxidative agent level, and the skin tissue was sliced for examination. Data was analyzed using the SPSS program (ver 12.0). The ANOVA analysis was used to compare and contrast the three groups, and t-test for paired samples was used to evaluate skin-wrinkling before and after experiment. The cut-off p-value of significance was set at p<0.05. Results : 1. Administration of bee venom did not cause serious weight loss or gain. 2. Compared to the control group, the Bee Venom Syringe Group and the Bee Venom Needle Group both showed a decrease in skin wrinkling scale after intervention. Especially, the Bee Venom Syringe Group showed a significant decrease (p<0.05). 3. Compared to the control group, the Bee Venom Syringe Group and the Bee Venom Needle Group both showed an increase in skin elasticity. Especially, the Bee Venom Syringe Group showed a significant increase (p<0.05). 4. No significant change in TEWL was found in the mice in all the three groups before and after experiment. 5. Free radical level was normal in all 15 mice in all the three groups, and anti-oxidative agent was not significantly different across the three groups. 6. The Bee Venom Syringe Group, the Bee Venom Needle Group, and the control group did not show any significant difference in the thickness of epidermis and dermis, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and skin wrinkling. The epidermis layer was relatively better preserved in the Bee Venom Syringe Group as compared to the Bee Venom Needle Group and the control group. Conclusion : Direct injection of bee venom on the hairless mouse using a syringe was found to improve wrinkling of the skin and increase skin elasticity but did not show effectiveness on skin dryness due to water loss. The bee venom appears to have suppressive effects on skin wrinkling, one of the symptoms of skin aging, through a process independent of suppression of free radicals or increase of anti-oxidative agent.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.114-120
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• 1985

This study was conducted to investigate the important weeds occurring in onion and garlic planted in paddy field as the succeeding crop of rice and to evaluate the effect of competition between these crops and weeds on the yield of onion and garlic. In terms of quantity occurred, Persicaria hydropiper, Chenopodium ficifolium, Alopecurus aequalis, Poligonum aviculare, Echinochloa crus-galli, and Bothrisospermum tenellum appeared to be the major weeds in onion and garlic fields. Annual broadleaves were composed of 90.0 and 94.3% of total weed dry weight in onion and in garlic fields, respectively. Among these weeds, P. hydropiper was the most dominant species in onion and C. ficifolium in garlic fields. The higher Simpson's index such as 0.67 in garlic as compared to 0.40 in onion can be attributed to the presence of a C. ficifolium, which is existed in a single dominant species. The full season competition between the crops and these weeds resulted in yield reduction of onion by 23.9% and garlic by 31.9%, showing weed dry weight, 448.18 and 418.40 g/$m^2$ in onion and garlic fields, respectively. The maintenance of weed free condition for about 4 weeks after weed emergence could be the prerequisite to obtain the maximum yield of these two crops.