• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.35 no.9B
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• pp.1360-1368
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• 2010

Recently, as the development of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology becomes active, the demand for services which can electronically manage the history and location information of major trees, including trees for cultural heritage restoration and nurse trees, has been increased. This information has been managed by separated drawings and documents or storing its information into PDAs and then structuring data files through input and computation. But, these methods imply limitations in terms of its extensibility and scalability. This paper has designed and implemented an RFID based Tree History Information System (THIS) for cultural heritage restoration. The purpose of the proposed system is to support to be able to effectively and consistently manage historical information of major trees and improve working processes by implementing mobile RFID services through wireless Internet or Local Area Network (LAN) as mobile communication networks. Through implementation, it is confirmed that the proposed system can manage the historical information of major trees more effectively than conventional methods and also improve previous field working conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.91-109
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• 2014

This study was conducted to obtain the basic research about Siberian roe deer (Capreolus pygargus), and to establish a conservation area into Seoraksan(Mt.) National Park, South Korea. We recorded Siberian roe deer field signs (bedding sites, feeding areas, feces and tracks etc), and habitat variables such as nearest distance to the watercourse, trails, slope, aspect, forest type and land cover etc. from Jan. 2006 to Dec. 2007 in Seoraksan(Mt.) National Park. According to the research of habitat characteristics of Siberian roe deer inhabited in Seoraksan(Mt.) National Park preferred mixed forest consisted of aged forest and middle-aged forest on the gentle slope which was close to hydrosphere in the middle elevation area of altitude of 400~600m above sea level in Seoraksan(Mt.) National Park. The results indicated that Siberian roe deer appeared to prefer south slope or north slope during the snow season and west or east slope during the non-snow season. The area of most suitable habitat for Siberian roe deer in Seoraksan(Mt.) National Park was $128.5km^2$ (32% of the total area) followed by $244.3km^2$ buffer area (62.2% of the total area), and $22.9km^2$ unsuitable habitat area (5.8% of the total area), which means environmentally unsuitable habitat for Siberian roe deer was rare in Seoraksan(Mt.) National Park. Thus, the area classified as major area in Seoraksan(Mt.) National Park appeared to be most important for the protection of Siberian roe deer.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.63-76
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• 2020

This study was conducted to quantitatively evaluate and analyze the alternative habitats using the HSI(Habitat Suitability Index) model of Lutra lutra in Banbyeoncheon Stream. Six variables were selected as habitat variables for Lutra lutra, including distance from waterfront, land cover within 1km from waterfront, presence of alluvial island, area of inland water and wetland, distance from roads and urbanized arid areas, and distance from aquaculture farm. The SI(Suitability Index) model and HSI model were developed based on the existing literature of Lutra lutra, the results of field surveys and expert opinions, and applied to the alternative habitats to examine the applicability of the HSI model. The results of this study can provide information on habitat evaluation to prevent the extinction of endangered Lutra lutra. In particular, it is highly applicable to the selection and evaluation of alternative habitats for Lutra lutra.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.37-51
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• 2021

The purpose of this research is to develop the Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) for habitat environments of Aix galericulata (A. galericulata) and Dendrocopos major (D. major), which tend to inhabit urban environments. A. galericulata and D. major are the keystone species representing the ecosystem of wetlands and forests. Based on the analysis of their urban habitat environments, this study selects artificially adjustable levels of the environmental index in order to produce the HSI model, which can be used when either restoring or creating the urban habitats for these species. To develop the HSI, we conducted field surveys at Jungnangcheon Stream, Changgyeonggung, Jangneung, Bangbae Neighborhood Park, Gildong Ecological Park, and Seodalsan Mountain. These surveys were conducted between April and August 2020, and this period includes the breeding season of both A. galericulata and D. major. Based on our findings from the surveys, we conclude that there are six SI factors for A. galericulata. These include (1) the presence of alluvial islands, (2) waterfront vegetation cover rate, (3) type of aquatic plants for food, (4) size of forest patch, (5) type of trees in nearby forests, and (6) connectivity of waterfront and forest. We also conclude that there are five SI factors for D. major, which include (1) size of forest patch, (2) rate of broadleaf trees in forest patches, (3) type of nesting trees, (4) diameter at breast height (DBH) of nesting trees, and (5) density of dead trees. The result of this research can provide future studies with useful guidance when both (1) comparing the habitat suitability of the target species in different environments and (2) restoring or creating habitats for these species.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.83-95
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• 2022

This study aims to present primary data for habitat restoration and artificial breeding conditions of L. unmunsana by identifying the habitat conditions and the larvae's food sources. In order to investigate the habitat characteristics of the adult L. unmunsana and land snails, which are the primary food sources for the larvae, field surveys were conducted on a total of 10 habitats in south-central parts of Korea including Sanseongcheon, Jeonju. The results revealed that the L. unmunsana habitat in the Sanseongcheon area had a broadleaf forest with a multi-layered vegetation structure, adjacent water features, and the north/northeast/northwest slopes with little effect of artificial lighting. The adult L. unmunsana in the Sanseongcheon area appeared from the end of May to the end of June, and was especially intensively observed around the middle of June. The most active time was from 23:30 to 00:30 with a temperature range of 19~22℃ and higher than 80% humidity. The peak count of the observed adults L. unmunsana was a total of 774 on June 11, 2021. In the case of land snails, 11 families and 23 species were observed in 10 habitats of L. unmunsana, and Euphaedusa fusaniana was the most extensive and the most observed in the five survey areas. The land snails of L. unmunsana habitats are mostly found under the organic layers of leaves and a fallen tree branch in broadleaf forests, where a thick organic material layer buffers temperature changes and provides high humidity for various snails. These habitat conditions are suitable for the larva of L. unmunsana and land snails to inhabit, feed, hide and hibernate.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.39-53
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to find out the applicability of LANDIS-II model to Korea. The case study was carried out in Daecheong Dam basin. In order to operate the model, a total of 63,107 cells of 100x100m unit were constructed, each cell consists of ecoregion map, initial communities map, plant physiological data, and climate change prediction data using SSP2-4.5 scenario. Forest distributions of year 2050 and 2100 were predicted by distribution intensity and interference among trees based on field surveys of 147 points in 2020. As a result, trees of decreased distribution area in the future are in the order of Quercus mongolica, Pinus rigida, Pinus densiflora and Robinia pseudoacacia, which characterized vulnerable to the effects of climate change or artificially planted trees. While warm climate trees of Quercus variabilis, Quercus serrata, Quercus acutissima and Quercus aliana are predicted to increase their distribution area in the order. These results analyzed using the LANDIS-II model are consistent with the studies on potential natural vegetation and succession tendency in Korea. In conclusion, the applicability of LANDIS-II model in Korea is highly effective and it is also expected to serve as a scientific basis for determining forest policies on afforestation and restoration.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.389-401
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• 2021

Background and objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the ecological status of six areas around Geumgang River that used to be farmlands before they were restored as a riverine ecobelt. This study aims to analyze the correlation between the location environment and ecological status of the sites to identify the environmental factors affecting them. Methods: The sites are classified into four types according to restoration: terraced paddy fields, flat paddy fields, artificial wetland, and landscape forest. The survey items were divided into land use status, plant ecology, and animal ecology. Results: In terms of plant ecology, terraced paddy fields showed favorable naturality with the rate of native species above 90% and the naturalization index below 10%. In terms of animal ecology, the total number of species found in these areas was biggest in terraced paddy fields, followed by flat paddy fields, artificial wetland, and landscape forest. Regarding species diversity, terraced paddy fields also showed abundant species with an average of 1.05 to 1.09. The results of the correlation analysis showed that the forest area around the sites had the most significant effect on species diversity. The grassland and open water area showed a positive correlation with the total number of animal species and the number of dragonflies, confirming that the marshy grassland had a positive effect. As the cultivated land and urbanized area around the sites increased, it had a negative effect on the distribution of native species and the number of animal species that appeared, and a positive effect on the naturalization index. Conclusion: It is necessary to establish preemption and restoration plans for sites such as grasslands adjacent to the forest and terraced paddy fields in order to promote resilience of the diverse species returning to the purchased lands.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.28 no.8
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• pp.95-101
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• 2023

Colmap is one of the innovative artificial intelligence technologies, highly effective as a tool in 3D reconstruction tasks. Moreover, it excels at constructing intricate 3D models by utilizing images and corresponding metadata. Colmap generates 3D models by merging 2D images, camera position data, depth information, and so on. Through this, it achieves detailed and precise 3D reconstructions, inclusive of objects from the real world. Additionally, Colmap provides rapid processing by leveraging GPUs, allowing for efficient operation even within large data sets. In this paper, we have presented a method of collecting 2D images of traditional Korean towers and reconstructing them into 3D models using Colmap. This study applied this technology in the restoration process of traditional stone towers in South Korea. As a result, we confirmed the potential applicability of Colmap in the field of cultural heritage restoration.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.221-234
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• 2023

This study was conducted to develop a habitat assessment system for the endangered wildlife II Kirengeshoma koreana Nakai through in-depth interviews with experts based on field surveys and environmental characteristics through spatial data analysis and literature research. Evaluation factors were selected based on the survey results of 31 variables for 23 K. koreana habitats. Afterwards, the importance and evaluation range for each assessment factor were selected. The selection of survey variables, assessment factors, importance of each factor and assessment range was conducted through in-depth interviews with experts at each stage. As a result, the assessment factors and importance were 16% for precipitation of the wettest month, 10% for vegetation zone, 12% for vegetation type, 10% for crown canopy vitality, 14% for tree layer coverage, 13% for drainage grade, 12% for soil depth, and 13% for distance to stream including dry stream. This study provides basic ecological information and a habitat assessment system for K. koreana habitats. Therefore, it can be used as primary data for preparing an endangered wildlife conservation policy, preparing a habitat improvement plan, and selecting an alternative habitat.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.79-89
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• 2014

This study was carried out to provide basic information to improve the surrounding ecosystems with benefit analysis and monitoring in cut slopes following establishment of a test construction to improve ecological environment in slopes of an expressway. Field tests from October 2012 to May 2013 were conducted in Seosejong IC and Shinyang IC. In order to improve the view of slopes, soil condition is an important factor. The earth slope, it is possible to introduce directly the plant. Stable construction method was applied, another foundation for planting is necessary. The mixing ratio of the seeds according to the experimental results, the difference was found at an early stage plants in Site I (Seosejong IC). Trees were planted on terraced structures were well coordinated and pictures. The growth of planted trees was good in Site II (Shinyang IC). Due to the use of plants in the landscape will continue to change. Thus, long-term monitoring and landscape analysis will be needed.