• 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한의용생체공학회 1996년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.203-206
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• 1996

During the electromyographic evaluation, the presence and site of lession may be predicted by a detection of denervation potentials such as fibrllation potentials or positive sharp waves in the group of muscles. Currently, clinicians diagnose the neuropathy by detecting fibrillation potentials during EMG tests, and sometimes it is not easy to distinguish between denervation potentials and endplate spikes. The purpose of this study was to find statistically significant parameters for the quantitative distinction between denervation potentials and endplate spikes. Endplate spikes and denervation potentials from the EDB muscle of 10 patients were extracted. Also, EMG signals were classified by experienced clinicians, and were collected using a 12 bit ADC with a sampling rate of 20KHz for the duration of 400msec. In order to find statistically significant parameters, positive and negative peaks were used for analysis. As a results, standard deviation of the endplate spikes and denervation potentials showed more significant difference than others specially for the positive sharp waves. It was concluded that the results of this study could be used to develope an automated system of a EMG analysis.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.602-614
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• 1983

Six hundred fourteen consecutive cases of bioprosthetic cardiac valve replacement performed during the period from March 1976 through December 1982 were reviewed. A total of 748 tissue valves [534 Ionescu-Shiley valves, 144 Hancock valves, 46 Angell-Shiley, and 24 Carpentier-Edwards] were implanted in 610 patients. Of these, 477 had single valve replacements [403 mitral, 60 aortic, and 14 tricuspid] including three REDO MVR and one REDO AVR. The remaining 129 had double valve replacements [95 AVR and MVR and 34 MVR and TVR] and 8 had triple valve replacement.592 cases were evaluated. Overall early mortality rate [within 30 days of operation] was 7.1% [6.2% in single valve replacement, 10.2% in double valve replacement, and 16.7% in triple valve replacement]. Leading causes of mortality were low cardiac output or myocardial failure and ventricular arrhythmias. The follow-up period was from one month to 7 years with a cumulative follow-up of 906.6 patient-years [mean 1.53 years]. The late mortality was 1.6%, 3.9%, 0%, 2.6%, 6.6% and 2.0% per patient-year for MVR, AVR, TVR or triple valve replacement, AVR+MVR, MVR+TVR and total, respectively. Actuarial analysis of late results including early mortalities indicates an expected survival rate of 87.6+1.8% at 3 years and 85.92.4% at 7 years for all cases. We also analyzed actuarial survival rate between groups of each valve replacement [AVR, TVR, Double valve, and Triple valve] and the tissue valve groups in MVR. We experienced 7 cases [0.77% per patient-year] of confirmed endocarditis, two of which were fatal. Valve failure-free rates calculated according to the confirmed cases were 97.5% at 4 years, 87.5% at 7 years, and 88.3% at 6 years for Ionescu-Shiley, Hancock and Angell-Shiley valves, respectively. The occurrence rate of thromboembolism was 2.0% per patient-year in total cases, although almost all the patients were given anticoagulant therapy for one year. The occurring rate in MVR was 1.5% and 2.7% per patient-year for Ionescu-Shiley and Hancock valve groups, respectively. The difference in actuarial rate free from thromboemboli between Ionescu-Shiley and Hancock groups was statistically significant [P value less than 0.001]. Thromboembolic events beyond the period of anticoagulation therapy mainly occurred in patients with atrial fibrillation. The actuarial thromboemboli free survival was 95.71.4% at 3 years and 80.17.3% at 7 years. The incidence of hemorrhagic complications was 1.2% per patient-year [fatality 0.55% per patient-year] for anticoagulated patients. Although our clinical data favorably compares with results from other reports, our results suggest that anticoagulant therapy be given on a short-term basis or not at all to hemodynamically stable patients. Long-term therapy with antiplatelet drugs is probably inevitable with patients who have thromboembolic risk factors [such as atrial fibrillation].

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.451-459
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• 1999

신경질환의 진단에 있어서 근육군에서의 세동전위나 양성예각파와 같은 탈신경전위를 관찰함으로써 신경의 이상유무와 손상부위를 예측할수 있는데 이는 임상의의 주관적인 경험에만 의존하여 구별되고 있으며 검사과정 중 정상인에게서도 나타날 수 있는 종판전위가 탈신경전위로 오인되어 진단에 혼선을초래할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 탈신경전위와 종판전위를 정량적으로 구별할 수 있는 알고리듬을 수립하는데 필요한 매개변수들을 추출함으로써 신경손상의 진단과 병변의 국소화에 정확성을 향상시키고자 하였다. 본 연구에서는 여러 종류의 신경손상을 보이는 10명의 환자들에 대한 근전도 검사를 실시하여 탈신경전위인 양성예각파나 세동전위, 그리고 종판전위를 검출하였다. 이들 신호로부터 지속시간, 면적, 기울기, 첨두시간 진폭, 양첨두지 진폭, 음첨두치 진폭 및 첨두치 비율 그리고 상(phase)의 여덟가지 매개변수를 구하고 각 파형에서의 값들을 비교하였다. 그 결과, 두 종류의 탈신경전위와 종판전위의 구분에 공통적으로 좋은 결과를 제공하는 매개변수는 기울기, 첨두치간 진폭, 양첨두치 진폭 그리고 첨두치간의 비율로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 구해진 매개변수들의 특성은 근전도 분석의 자동화를 위한 알고리듬의 수립에 응용되어질 수 있을 것이며 보다 정량화된 근전도 분석을 통해 진단의 정확성을 향상시켜 줄 것이다.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.92-96
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• 2014

Dabigatran is the first oral direct thrombin inhibitor approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Because dabigatran is excreted mainly by the kidneys, serum levels of dabigatran can be elevated to a supratherapeutic range in patients with renal failure, predisposing to emergent bleeding. We describe the case of a 66-year-old man taking dabigatran 150 mg twice daily for atrial fibrillation and cerebral infarction who presented with hematochezia and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Laboratory evaluation showed a hemoglobin level of 6.3 g/dL, platelets of $138,000/mm^3$, activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) of 10 s, and an international normalized ratio (INR) of 8.17. Colonoscopy showed a bleeding anal fissure. Hemostasis was provided by hemoclips and packed red blood cells and fresh frozen plasma were transfused. Since then, there was no further hematochezia, however, bleeding including oral mucosal bleeding, hematuria, and intravenous site bleeding persisted. At presentation, his serum creatinine was 4.96 mg/dL (baseline creatinine, 0.9 mg/dL). Dabigatran toxicity secondary to acute kidney injury was presumed. Because acute kidney injury of unknown cause was progressing after admission, he was treated with hemodialysis. Fresh frozen plasma transfusion was provided with hemodialysis. At 15 days from admission, there was no further bleeding, and laboratory values, including hemoglobin, partial thromboplastin time, and prothrombin time were normalized. He was discharged without bleeding. After 2 months, he undergoes dialysis three times per week and no recurrence of bleeding has been observed.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제81권2호
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• pp.272-289
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• 2020

전산화단층촬영(이하 CT) 영상 기술의 발전으로 박동하는 심장에 대한 섬세한 영상의학적 평가가 가능해졌다. 심초음파 및 MRI에 비해 심장 CT의 강점은 대부분의 의료기관에 보급되어 있고 고품질 이미지의 빠른 생산이 가능하며 해부학적 묘사가 뛰어나다는 것이다. 좌심방과 좌심방이에서 생기는 대부분의 변이 혹은 병리적 상태들은 CT 상의 소견만으로도 추정 진단을 내릴 수 있다. 또한 CT 영상은 성공적인 카테터 기반 시술 또는 수술에 중요한 해부학적 정보들을 제공한다. 특히 좌심방과 좌심방이는 심방세동 환자들의 치료 및 관리에 중요한데, 이는 다양한 카테터 기반 시술들이 두 구조물의 기계적 혹은 전기적 차단을 목표로 하기 때문이다. 따라서 임상적으로 의미 있는 판독을 위해서는 병리적 상태의 CT 소견 기술과 함께 좌심방 및 좌심방이의 모양, 크기 및 주변 구조물과의 상대적 위치 관계 등에 대한 포괄적인 검토를 해야 한다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.317-323
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• 2009

배경: Cox-Maze 술식은 심방세동의 동율동 전환율은 높지만, 좌심방의 크기 및 기계적 수축력 회복 측면에 대한 효과는 아직 확립되어 있지 않다. 본 연구는 Cox-Maze 술식 후 좌심방 크기 및 기계적 수축력 변화를 알아보기 위해 수행되었다. 대상 및 방법: 1997년 7월부터 2008년 7월까지 승모판막 질환과 동반된 심방세동으로 총 647명의 환자에게 Cox-Maze 술식이 이루어졌다. 이 중, (1) 수술 후 경과 관찰 기간이 2년 이상인 경우, (2) 수술 후 항부정맥약의 복용 여부와 상관없이, 경과 관찰 기간도중 시행한 검사상 동율동이 지속된 경우, 그리고 (3) 경과 관찰 기간 도중 시행한 경흉부 심초음파 검사상, 판막의 Grade III 이상의 폐쇄부전증 또는 중등도 이상의 협착증이 없는 경우 등의 3가지 조건을 충족하는 211명을 연구 대상으로 하였다. 결과: 술 후 1년과 그 이후 추적 관찰기간의 경흉부심초음파 검사상 좌심방 크기는 증가하였으며, 기계적 수축력(E/A ratio)은 감소하였다. 추적 관찰기간이 길어질수록 통계적으로 유의하게 좌심방의 크기 증가와 기계적 수축력(E/A ratio) 감소의 소견을 보였다. 결론: 술 후 초기에 보여지는 회복된 좌심방 크기와 기계적 수축력은 시간이 경과함에 따라 각각 크기 승가와 기계적 수축력 감소를 보인다. 따라서 동율동으로 심박동 전환된 환자도 장기적인 추적관찰을 통해 꾸준한 좌심방 기능 평가가 필요하다고 생각된다.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.567-574
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• 2022

관상동맥 질환과 심방세동은 많은 위험인자들을 공유하고 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 특히 급성 관상동맥 증후군의 경우 혈관 완전 폐색과 혈전 등으로 인해 혈관 직경을 명확히 파악하기 어려운 경우가 있다. 따라서 심방세동 동반 환자의 관상동맥 치료 및 약물 선택 전 참고할 수 있는 자료로 활용하고자 관상동맥의 직경 관계를 평가하였다. 2020년 01월부터 2022년 08월까지 심방세동을 동반해 관상동맥 조영술을 시행한 영상과 정상 리듬의 심전도 소견을 보이는 상태의 영상을 대상으로 하였다. 두 대상 모두 관상동맥 조영술 결과 병변을 동반하지 않은 정상인 상태의 혈관 영상을 대상으로 하였다. 모든 혈관에 대해 근위 부, 중부, 말단 부로 삼등분하여 혈관의 직경을 측정하였고, 측정된 직경을 평균으로 나누어 평가하였다. 좌전하행동맥 직경을 분석한 결과 심방세동 환자의 혈관 직경이 2.24±0.26 mm로 정상 심전도 환자의 혈관 직경 2.86±0.38 mm보다 작았으며 통계적으로 유의했다. (p<0.001) 좌회선동맥 직경을 분석한 결과 심방세동 환자의 혈관 직경이 2.34±0.28 mm로 정상 심전도 환자의 혈관 직경 2.87±0.29 mm보다 작았으며 통계적으로 유의했다. (p<0.001) 우 관상동맥의 직경을 분석한 결과 심방세동 환자의 혈관 직경이 2.68±0.5 mm로 정상 심전도 환자의 혈관 직경 3.35±0.4 mm보다 작았으며 통계적으로 유의했다. (p<0.001) 정상 심전도를 보이는 환자의 혈관 크기보다 심방세동을 동반한 환자의 혈관 크기가 유의할 만큼 작은 것을 보아, 발생된 부정맥 상태가 심방세동인 경우 관상동맥 직경 평가 시 참고 될 유용한 연구로 생각된다. 특히 병변 진단 및 시술 전 후 약물 사용, 혈관 내 초음파와 같은 보조 기구 사용 선택 시 판단에 도움이 될 수 있을 연구로 사료된다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.287-292
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• 2017

A five-year-old, male, Great Dane weighing 107 kg was presented with anorexia, abdominal distension, and dyspnea for 5 days. Physical examination, blood works, radiography, electrocardiography (ECG), and echocardiography were performed. Based on severely low fractional shortening (FS) and marked four chamber enlargement in echocardiography, continuous atrial fibrillation and occasional ventricular premature complex (VPC) on ECG, the dog was diagnosed as dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) concurrent with congestive heart failure. Pleural effusion and ascites were modified transudate. In accordance with DCM scoring system recommended by European Society of Veterinary Cardiology (ESVC), DCM score was 13/15 in this case. Concentrations of cTnI and NT-pro-BNP were 1.0 ng/mL and 693 pmol/L, respectively. Since the former and the latter were remarkably high values, it was certain that the patient had grave prognosis. Intensive care was performed for the dog and the clinical signs as well as the radiographic abnormalities were resolved. However, when he presented serious dyspnea again at 25 days post therapy, the dog was dead. In case of canine DCM, the scoring system for the diagnosis and cardiac biomarkers including NT-pro-BNP and cTnI could be useful to advise owners on the status and prognosis of their dog with DCM.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.144-149
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• 2006

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical characteristics and the functional results of the osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT) treated with arthroscopic osteochondroplasty. Materials and Methods: The study was based on 25 cases (25 feet) of osteochondral lesion of talus that were treated with arthroscopic osteochondroplasty from May 1997 to June 2005 with at least 1 year follow-up. Follow-up period was average 21.8 months. The average age was 37.2 years old. Male patients were 22 while female were 3. Postoperative evaluation was performed with American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Functional score, patient satisfaction and complications. Results: Ninety-two percent of patients had trauma history. Seventy-two percent of the lesions were located at the medial dome. As for the cartilage classification, 56% were fibrillation/fissure lesions while 44% were flap tears. Visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score improved from 6.8 points to 2.2 points, and AOFAS score improved from 71.3 points to 87.3 points. Eighty-eight percent of the patients were satisfied with the surgery and average period of returning to previous job was 6.5 weeks. Conclusion: We concluded that the arthroscopic osteochondroplasty is a viable surgical option for the osteochondral lesion of the talus.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.205-212
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• 2024

Background: Postoperative atrial fibrillation (A-fib) is a serious complication of cardiac surgery that is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Traditional 24-hour Holter monitors have limitations, which have prompted the development of innovative wearable electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring devices. This study assessed a patch-type wearable ECG device (MobiCARE-MC100) for monitoring A-fib in patients undergoing cardiac surgery and compared it with 24-hour Holter ECG monitoring. Methods: This was a single-center, prospective, investigator-initiated cohort study that included 39 patients who underwent cardiac surgery between July 2021 and June 2022. Patients underwent simultaneous monitoring with both conventional Holter and patchtype ECG devices for 24 hours. The Holter device was then removed, and patch-type monitoring continued for an additional 48 hours, to determine whether extended monitoring provided benefits in the detection of A-fib. Results: This 72-hour ECG monitoring study included 39 patients, with an average age of 62.2 years, comprising 29 men (74.4%) and 10 women (25.6%). In the initial 24 hours, both monitoring techniques identified the same number of paroxysmal A-fib in 7 out of 39 patients. After 24 hours of monitoring, during the additional 48-hour assessment using the patch-type ECG device, an increase in A-fib burden (9%→38%) was observed in 1 patient. Most patients reported no significant discomfort while using the MobiCARE device. Conclusion: In patients who underwent cardiac surgery, the mobiCARE device demonstrated diagnostic accuracy comparable to that of the conventional Holter monitoring system.