• 한국광학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.80-84
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• 2003

두 가지의 다른 방법으로 광섬유를 직접 구동하여 공초점 현미경을 제작하였다. 압전소자와 튜닝 포크는 광섬유를 진동시키는데 사용하였다. 6 frame의 640$\times$480 픽셀 영상을 압전소자 진동으로 1초 동안 얻었고, 1 frame의 640$\times$480 픽셀 영상을 튜닝 포크 진동으로 1초 동안 얻었다 이러한 광섬유의 진동은 confocal 영상에 일그러짐을 주지 않았다.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.201-207
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• 1999

단일모드 광섬유와 결합기를 이용하여 간결한 구조의 광섬유 공초점 간섭 현미경을 구성하였으며, 위상 변위법을 응용한 표면 검색 방법을 제안하여 통신용의 반도체 레이저와 같이 비교적 긴 파장의 광원과, 낮은 NA의 대물렌즈를 사용하더라도 정밀한 시료 표면 검색이 가능함을 보였다. 이때 시료 표면의 높낮이는 시료로부터 반사된 빛의 위상으로부터 결정되며, 종래의 공초점 현미경에 비하여 주사시간을 크게 단축할 수 있었다. 끝으로 종래의 방법에 비해 제안된 방법은 시료의 반사율 변화에 덜 민감함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2011

In this study, the internal structure of an optical waveguide embedded in a flexible optical circuit board is observed with a confocal microscope. In order to increase the light reflection from an internal material interface with a very small index difference, and thus enhance the signal contrast, a theta microscopy scheme has been integrated into a conventional confocal microscope, and a high NA oil-immersion lens has been used. The interface reflectivity is increased from roughly 0.0015% to 0.025% by the proposed method, and the internal structure can thus be successfully measured.

• 한국광학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국광학회 2006년도 하계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.221-222
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• 2006

• 한국광학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국광학회 2005년도 하계학술발표회
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• pp.172-173
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• 2005

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.49-53
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• 2005

We report a new configuration of a reflection-type confocal scanning optical microscope system for measuring the refractive index profile of an optical waveguide. Several improvements on the earlier design are proposed; a light emitting diode (LED) at 650 nm wavelength instead of a laser diode (LD) or He-Ne laser is used as a light source for better index precision, and a simple longitudinal linear scanning and curve fitting techniques are adapted instead of a servo control for maintaining an optical confocal arrangement. We have obtained spatial resolution of 700 nm and an index precision of $2\times10^{-4}$. To verify the system's capability, the refractive index profiles of a conventional multimode fiber and a home-made four-mode fiber were examined with our proposed measurement method.

• 한국광학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국광학회 2002년도 하계학술발표회
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• pp.80-81
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• 2002

편광 방향이 단일 모드의 유지되는 광섬유와 파장이 780nm인 반도체 레이저를 사용하여 간결한 구조의 beam scanning 타입의 공초점 현미경을 구성하였다. 공초점 현미경은 세포내의 생명 현상을 보다 잘 이해 할 수 있는 장비이기 때문에 기존의 현미경으로는 연구할 수 없던 생명현상을 연구할 수 있도록 여러 가지 강력한 연구수단을 제공하고 있다 살아 움직이는 생명체를 관찰할 수 있는 공초점 현미경에서 중요한 것은 속도와 투과 깊이이고, 장기의 표면을 관찰하기 위해서는 크기가 작아야 한다. (중략)

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.459-467
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• 2016

Using a line scan camera and a Galvano mirror, we constructed a high-speed line-scanning microscope that can generate 2D images ($8000{\times}8000pixels$) without any moving parts. The line scanner consists of a Galvano mirror and a cylindrical lens, which creates a line focus that sweeps over the sample. The measured resolutions in the x (perpendicular to line focus) and y (parallel to line focus) directions are both $2{\mu}m$, with a 2X scan lens and a 3X relay lens. This optical system is useful for measuring defects, such as spalling, chipping, delamination, etc., on the surface of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) holes after machining in conjunction with adjustments in the angle of LED lighting. Defects on the inner wall of holes are measured by line confocal laser scanning. This confocal method will be useful for analyzing defects after CFRP machining and for fast 3D image reconstruction.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.61-66
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• 2002

This study was carried out to investigate sheet properties of Indian mallow hanji, made by different pulping methods such as alkali and sulfomethylated pulpings, and different stock compositions, various mixing ratios of bast fiber and woody core fibers. Effect of morphological properties of pulp stocks on the sheet formation and their optical properties were also evaluated using an image analyzer and confocal laser scanning microscope(CLSM). In addition, the effect of fiber distribution index(FDI), which was calculated based on the image in a z-direction of a sheet from CLSM, on the sheet properties of Indian mallow hanji was discussed. The proposed FDI had a good correlation with various properties of paper, such as apparent density, opacity, tear index, breaking length and zero-span tensile strength. Especially, sulfomethylated pulp sheets＇FDI was higher than alkali pulp sheets.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.100-115
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution of calcitonin gene-related peptide containing nerve fibers in rat pulp after dentinl injury by means of immunohistochemistry and confocal laser scanning microscope. The Spague-Dawley rats weighing about 250-300gm were used. The animals were devided into normal control and experimental groups. Experimental animals were sacrified 1, 2, 4, 7, 10, 21days after dentinal injury (dentin cutting, and then acid etching with 35% phosphoric acid) on the maxillary molar teeth. The maxillary teeth and alveolar bone were removed and immersed in the 4% paraformaldehyde in 0.1M phosphate buffer (pH 7.4), then were decalcified with 15% formic acid for 10 days. Serial frozen $50{\mu}m$ thick sections were cut on a cryostat. The rabbit CGRP antibody was used as a primary antibody with a dilution of 1:2000 in 0.01M PB. The sections were incubated for 48 hours at $4^{\circ}C$, and placed into biotinylated antirabbit Ig G as a secondary anti body with dilution of 1:200 in 0.01M PB and incubated in ABC(avidin-biotin complex). The peroxidase reaction was visualized by incubating the sections in 0.05% 3,3 diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride containing 0.02% $H_2O_2$. For the confocal laser scanning microscopic examination, Primary antibody reaction was same as immunoperoxidase stainning, but fluorescein isothiocyanate(FITC)-conjugate antirabbit IgG as a secondary antibody was used. The confocal laser scanning microscope was used for the examination. A series of images of optical sections was collected with a 20x objective at $3{\mu}m$ intervals throughout the depth of specimen. FITC fluerescence was registrated through a 488nm and 568nm excitation filter, and images were saved on optical disk. The stereoscopic images and three dimentionnal images were reconstructed by computer software, and then were analyzed. The results were as follows : 1. In normal control group, CGRP containing nerve fibers were coursed through the root with very little branching, and then formed a dense network of terminals in coronal pulp. 2. A slight increase in CGRP containing nerve fibers at 1 and 2day postinjury was noted subjacent to the injury site. In the 4day group, there were an extensive increase in the number of reactive fibers, followed by a partial return toward normal levels at 7~10 day postinjury, and return by 21days. 3. The sprouting of the CGRP containing nerve fibers was evident within 2day after dentinal injury, and by 4days there was a maximal increased, but was decreased at 7days and returned to normal 10~21 day postinjury. 4. In confocal laser scanning microscopic exammination, the distinct distribution pattern and sprouting reaction of CGRP containing nerve fibers were observed in stereoscopic images and three dimentional images. These results suggest that CGRP containing nerve fiber can be important role in the response to dental injury and pain regulation.