• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.133-142
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• 1997

Hepatoblastoma is a rare pediatric malignancy which frequently presents at an advanced un resectable stage. With the neoadjuvant chemotherapy, improved resectability and survival have been reported. Twenty children with biopsy proven hepatoblastoma were treated during the period between January 1987 and June 1995. Median age at diagnosis was 13 months(2 months to 7 year and 10 months), and 13 were male. Histologic profile was 13 epithelial(5 fetal, 4 mixed, 1 embryonal, 3 undetermined), and 5 mixed mesenchymal and epithelial and 2 of undetermined type. Chemotherapy effectively reduced the tumor volume($p$=0.008), and was able to convert 7 out of 9 initially unresectable cases(78%) to resectable ones. Twelve radical and 2 palliative operations were done with or without adjuvant chemotherapy. The Median follow up period was 33 months and the median survival was 26 months. The group with curative resection had a 61.1% 5 year survival rate, but none of palliative resection group survived more than 13 months($p$=0.0001). In univariate analysis for prognostic factors revealed, large tumor size at diagnosis and abscence of thrombocytopenia were associated with poor survival, but these differences were not statistically significant. Histological pure fetal type did not mean a better prognosis. Even with a recent neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the strategy should be focused on the radical resection as early as possible.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 2011

This study investigated potential relationship between fetal deaths and plasma progesterone concentrations of bitches. Serial ultrasonographic examinations were performed on small-pet 23 dogs from gestation day (GD) 15 through parturition. The dogs were 3 non-pregnant bitches, 9 spontaneous delivery bitches, 6 partial early embryonic death bitches, 2 whole early embryonic death bitches, and 3 aborted bitches. The late pregnancy (GD 51-54) appeared in 2 of the 3 aborted bitches and the hypoluteoidism appeared in 1 of the 3 aborted bitches. The plasma progesterone concentrations of partial early embryonic death bitches (n=6) showed no significant difference when compared with the spontaneous delivery bitches. We observed that plasma progesterone concentrations were dramatic decrease before the onset of embryonic death in whole early embryonic death bitches that plasma progesterone concentrations of aborted bitches at late pregnancy were significantly decreased when compared with those of spontaneous delivery bitches. The plasma progesterone concentrations of the hypoluteoidism bitch were lower than those of spontaneous delivery bitches. At the hypoluteoidism bitch, fetuses were resorbed in early pregnancy and aborted in late pregnancy. On the basis of the results, the diagnosis of partial early embryonic death could not be confirmed without ultrasonographic examination. The partial early embryonic death was considered a spontaneous phenomenon and uncorrelated with plasma progesterone concentration. However, aborted bitches and whole early embryonic death bitches were related to plasma progesterone concentrations and that of bitches gradually decreased before fetal death. These findings suggest that administration of progesterone may be a useful preventing agent against fetal death.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.182-187
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• 2001

Purpose : To evaluate the clinical significance of antenatally detected mild fetal pelviectasia and the role of voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) Methods : From January 1999 to September 1999, 28 neonates (44 pelviectatic kidneys) with mild fetal pelviectasia (anteroposterial diameter <10 mm) were evaluated by postnatal renal sonography and voiding cystourethrography. Results : Among 44 mild pelviectatic kidneys, 29 ($65.9\%$) kidneys had no pelviectasia and 15 ($34.1\%$) kidneys had persistent mild pelviectasia on postnatal renal sonography. Four ($9.1\%$) kidneys of 3 males ($10.7\%$) without pelviectasia on postnatal renal sonography had vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) on voiding cystourethrography. Vesicoureteral reflux was not correlated with prenatal progression or regression of pelviectasia and was not correlated with postnatal pelviectasia. Conclusion : All neonate with mild fetal pelviectasia need to undergo voiding cystourethrography for early diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux even though postnatal renal sonography shows no pelviectasia. (J Korean Soc Pediatr Nephrol 2001 ;5 : 182-87)

• Neonatal Medicine
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.262-264
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• 2010

A case of bladder prolapse through a patent urachus is reported in a female infant born with a large, red, tubular mass inferior to the umbilical cord. A cystic mass communicating with fetal bladder was detected by prenatal ultrasound performed at $20^{+2}$ weeks of gestation. A fetal MRI was also performed to confirm the diagnosis and to exclude associated fetal anomalies. At $40^{+4}$ weeks, the cystic mass was no longer present and a new small solid mass was noted at the fetal abdominal wall. After birth, a protruded mucosal mass inferior to the umbilical cord was noted, and catheterization confirmed communication between the protruded mass and the urinary bladder. On the second day of life, reduction of the bladder and partial resection of the urachus was performed. A voiding cystourethrogram showed good bladder capacity and no vesicoureteral reflux. The patient voided well and was discharged after 10 days. Here, we present a case of urinary bladder prolapse through a patent urachus, diagnosed by fetal sonography and this is the first case reported that was treated by simple excision without complication.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.8-12
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate fetal ultrasonographic findings in cases of prenatally diagnosed de novo balanced translocations and the role of fetal ultrasound in prenatal genetic counseling. Materials and Methods: We collected cases with de novo balanced translocations that were confirmed in chorionic villus sampling, amniocentesis, and cordocentesis between 1995 and 2016. A detailed, high-resolution ultrasonography was performed for prediction of prognosis. Chromosomes from the parents of affected fetuses were also analyzed to determine whether the balanced translocations were de novo or inherited. Results: Among 32,070 cases with prenatal cytogenetic analysis, 27 cases (1/1,188 incidence) with de novo balanced translocations were identified. Fourteen cases (51.9%) showed abnormal findings, and the frequency of major structural anomalies was 11.1%. Excluding the major structural anomalies, all mothers who continued pregnancies delivered healthy babies. Conclusion: Results of a detailed, high-resolution ultrasound examination are very important in genetic counseling for prenatally diagnosed de novo balanced translocations.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.201-206
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• 2012

Effect of prenatal ultrasound diagnosis have serious damage for the possibility has been reported very low. Long time ultrasound scan can rise the temperature in body tissues and affect the physical. Changes in body temperature have been studied with ultrasound scan time. Fetal ultrasonography were evaluated without the influence of time. The findings, ultrasound scan time in 40 minutes the temperature was reduced. 50 minute tissue temperature rose more than $1^{\circ}C$. If within 40 minutes of ultrasound to be safe guess

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.133-136
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• 2011

Fetus-in-fetu (FIF) is a rare congenital condition in which a fetiform mass is detected in the host abdomen and also in other sites such as the intracranium, thorax, head, and neck. This condition has been rarely reported in the literature. Herein, we report the case of a fetus presenting with abdominal cystic mass and ascites and prenatally diagnosed as meconium pseudocyst. Explorative laparotomy revealed an irregular fetiform mass in the retroperitoneum within a fluid-filled cyst. The mass contained intestinal tract, liver, pancreas, and finger. Fetal abdominal cystic mass has been identified in a broad spectrum of diseases. However, as in our case, FIF is often overlooked during differential diagnosis. FIF should also be differentiated from other conditions associated with fetal abdominal masses.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.434-437
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• 2000

Unilateral hydrocephalus is an uncommon disease which may result from obstruction of the foramen of Monro. Congenital or acquired lesions obstructing this foramen have been reported. We present a case of prenatally diagnosed fetal unilateral hydrocephalus. Ventriculoperitoneal shunt operation was performed and following the procedure, ventricular size was decreased and patients neurological status was improved.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.2061-2066
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• 2016

Purpose: To determine the significance of P57KIP2 immunohistochemistry expression in the histopathological diagnosis of hydatidiform mole. Materials and Methods: Hydatidiform mole patients at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital between January 1999 and December 2011 were recruited. Two gynecologic pathologists reviewed histopathologic slides to confirm diagnosis. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections were stained using a bstandard immunostaining system with monoclonal antibodies against P57KIP2 protein. Correlations among pathological features, immunohistochemical expression and clinical data were analyzed. Results: One hundred and twenty-seven hydatidiform mole patients were enrolled. After consensus review, 97 cases were diagnosed as complet (CHM) and 30 cases as partial (PHM). Discordance between the first and final H&E diagnoses was found in 19 cases (14.9%, k= 0.578). Significant pathological features to classify the type of hydatidiform mole are central cisterns, trophoblastic proliferation, trophoblastic atypia, two populations of villi, fetal vessels and scalloped borders. After performing immunohistochemistry for P57KIP2, 107 cases were P57KIP2 negative and 20 cases positive. Discordant diagnoses between final H&E diagnosis and P57KIP2 immunohistochemistry was identified in 12 cases (9.4%). Sensitivity of final H&E diagnosis for CHM was 89.7%; specificity was 95.0%. PHM sensitivity and specificity of final H&E diagnosis was 95.0% and 89.7%, respectively. Conclusions: Histopathological diagnosis alone has certain limitations in accurately defining types of hydatidiform mole; P57KIP2 immunohistochemistry is practical and can be a useful adjunct to histopathology to distinguish CHM from non-CHM.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.291-300
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• 1996

Real time B-mode ultrasound was used to detect the early conceptus in 187 Korean native cattles between days 10 and 60 after last insemination. The ultrasound diagnostic findings were systemically confirmed by palpation per rectum after the 60th day of last insemination. The embryonic vesicle and the embryo proper within the veside were first visible on mean day fl and 23, respectively. The heartbeat of the embryo proper could be detected on day 26, and the limb buds, placentomes, amnion, fetal movement, umbilical cord, optic area and split hooves were first visible on day 33, 34, 34, 44.5, 45, 32 and 48, respectively. The mean length of embryo proper was 3.8mm on day 23 which later increased to 56. 6rnrn on day 60. When ultrasound was used to detect the conceptus between days 20 and 30 after insemination and palpation per rectum after the 60th day of insemination, the accuracy rates of pregnancy detection by ultrasound scanning at days 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30 were 44.4, 69.2, 78.6, 87.5, 90.0, 93.3%. In summary, the early pregnancy diagnosis of Korean native cattle with ultrasound appears high accuracy rates. It is considered that ultrasound can be used in veterinary practice well.