• 한국패류학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.297-302
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• 2010

개량조개의 종묘생산을 위한 생물학적 기초자료를 얻고자 난발생에 영향을 미치는 수온, 염분 및 수용밀도에 관하여 실험한 결과, 수온에 따른 난발생의 각 단계에 이르기까지의 수온 (TW, $^{\circ}C$)에 따른 발생속도 (h, 시간)는 $18^{\circ}C$, $23^{\circ}C$, $28^{\circ}C$ 및 $33^{\circ}C$에서 D형 유생까지 각각 33시간 30분, 20시간 40분, 18시간 15분 및 15시간이 소요되어 수온이 높을수록 빨랐으며, 그 관계식은 다음과 같다. 2세포기 : 1/h = 0.1051WT - 1.4782 ($r^2=0.9926$) 8세포기 : 1/h = 0.037WT - 0.3686 ($r^2=0.9648$) 낭배기 : 1/h = 0.008WT - 0.0521 ($r^2=0.9134$) 담륜자 : 1/h = 0.0041WT - 0.0235 ($r^2=0.9072$) D형유생 : 1/h = 0.0024WT - 0.0102 ($r^2=0.9611$) 개량조개의 수온과 난발생 속도와의 관계에서 추정된 난발생의 생물학적 영도는 평균 $8.0^{\circ}C$였으며, 개량조개 수정란은 D형 유생까지의 발생률을 고려할 때 발생 가능한 수온은 $18-28^{\circ}C$, 적정 수온은 $23^{\circ}C$였다. 개량조개의 수정란이 D형 유생으로 발생 가능한 염분은 20-35 psu로 나타났고, 염분에 따른 수정란의 D형 유생까지 발생률을 고려할 때 최소 25 psu 이상이며 적정 염분은 30-35 psu였다. 수정란으로부터 D형 유생까지의 발생률을 높일 수 있는 수정란의 수용밀도는 사육수 1 ml 당 40개 이하로 나타났다.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.234-238
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• 2008

고등어 Scomber japonicus의 종묘생산 및 양식가능성을 조사하기위하여 난발생에 따른 수온과 염분의 영향을 조사하였다. 수정란의 난경은 $0.91{\sim}1.33\;mm$였으며, 1개의 유구를 갖고 있는 구형의 분리부성란이었다. 수정에서 부화에 이르기까지 평균 소요시간은 $16^{\circ}C$일 때 약 70시간, $20^{\circ}C$일 때 48시간, $24^{\circ}C$일 때 42시간, $28^{\circ}C$일 때 34시간으로 고수온일수록 빠른 경향이었다. 부화율은 자연해수 조건인 $20{\sim}24^{\circ}C$와 $33{\sim}35\;psu$ 범위에서 가장 양호하였다. 난발생의 각 단계에 이르기까지 수온(T: $^{\circ}C$)에 따른 발생속도(t: hour)는 수온이 높을수록 빨랐으며, 난발생이 진행되지 않는 생물학적 영도는 평균 $6.9^{\circ}C$로 추정되었다.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.51-58
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• 2010

이 연구는 벵에돔 Girella punctata와 긴꼬리 벵에돔 Girella melanichthys의 인공종묘생산 기술개발을 위한 기초자료를 얻기 위해 자연산란 및 수온이 난 발생에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 벵에돔은 $15{\sim}21^{\circ}C$에서는 정상적인 난 발생의 진행과 부화가 이루어져서 부화까지는 67.8~37.5시간이 소요되었으며, 수온이 높을수록 각 난 발생 단계에 이르는 속도는 빨라졌다. 그러나 $24^{\circ}C$ 이상의 고수온 조건에서는 정상적인 난 발생이 진행되지 않았다. 이와 같은 결과는 긴꼬리 벵에돔에서도 비슷한 경향으로 $15{\sim}21^{\circ}C$에서 부화까지는 61.2~38.3시간이 소요되었고, 벵에돔과 같이 수온이 높을수록 난 발생속도가 빨라졌으나, $24^{\circ}C$ 이상의 수온 조건에서는 정상적인 난 발생이 진행되지 않았다.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2005

Effects of five polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) constituents (naphthalene, fluorine, fluoranthene, benzo(a)pyrene, pyrene) on fertilization and early development of sea urchin egg, sperm and fertilized egg were investigated. The eggs, sperm and fertilized eggs were exposed to several concentrations of PAHs (1, 10, 100, 1000 and 10000㎍/L). The rate of fertilization and hatching decreased when the eggs and sperm were exposed to aqueous solution of PAHs. Also, Exposure of fertilized eggs with each PAHs did decrease survival and hatching rate. Concentration-dependent toxic effects on the rate of fertilization, hatching, survival and abnormality in A. crassispina were observed following exposure to PAHs (1, 10, 100, 1000 and 10000㎍/L). These data show that PAHs exposure decreased in fertilization success of sea urchin egg and sperm and producted abnormal embryo. It is plausible to suggest that PAHs had the potential to significantly reduce coastal recruitment of sea urchin.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.34-41
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• 2003

The hatching of fertilized egg and early development of larval black seabream, Acanthopngrus schlegeli by immersion of 3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine ($T_3$) with doses of 0.01~0.5 ppm in tank were examined for early development periods and compared with control fish immersed by 0.1 N NaOH and 99% alcohol. Larvae were fed with rotifers for first 5 days during experimental period. Yolk absorption of larvae from $T_3$ immersion groups were significantly faster than that of control. Although hatching times among each groups were not significant difference. the hatching rates of larvae in higher doses (0.1 ppm and 0.5 ppm $T_3$ groups) were significantly lower than control. The results of $T_3$ immersion experiments to newly hatching larvae indicated that exogenous $T_3$induced significant faster the absorption of yolk and oil globule, faster the development of myotome and digestive duct and higher the growth rate of larvae than larvae of control. These results indicate that $T_3$ immersion supplements appear to confer a distinct advantage to eggs and larvae of black seabream, which is in early fragile developmental stage.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2008

나노입자란 직경 100nm 이하의 크기를 가진 입자로 가전, 기능성 화장품, 반도체, 항균제 및 광촉매제 등에 널리 사용되어 있어 본 연구는 9종류의 나노입자가 참굴 수정란에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 나인입자를 첨가하지 않은 대조구에서는 인공 수정한 참굴 수정란의 78%가 D형 유생으로 발생하였다. 은(Ag)이 2% 함유된 AGZ020, Nano silver 및 P-25의 나노입자와 주석산화물인 SnO의 나노입자는 24시간 경과 후 0.05ppm 농도에서 각 각 22%, 52%, 58% 및 76%가 D형 유생으로 발생하였으나, 20ppm 농도에서 8시간 이내 참굴 수정란을 모두 파괴하였다. In, Sb, Sn, Zn 및 Ag-$TiO_2$의 나노입자는 24시간 경과 후 0.05ppm 농도에서 모두 70%이상의 D형 유생으로 발생하여 상대적으로 낮은 농도에서 큰 영향을 받지 않는 것으로 나타났으나, 20ppm 농도에서 대조에 비해 D형 유생 발생율이 각 각 57%, 60%, 50%, 65% 및 64%로 저해되었다.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.13-23
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• 2014

This study is conducted to monitor the morphological developmental features of the egg development, larvae and juvenile of Epinephelus septemfasciatus, the fertilized eggs were gotton using artificial insemination. Matured parents are collected from marine caged fish farms in Geomun-ri, Samsan-myeon, Yeosu-si, Jeollanamdo Korea in June 2012. The fertilized eggs were pelagic eggs containing one oil globule, and measured 0.81~0.89 mm ($0.85{\pm}0.04mm$, n=50) in diameter. In regard to rearing environment, the water temperature is $21.0{\sim}23.0^{\circ}C$ and the salinity is 32.0~33.2‰. Hatching was observed from 48 hours after fertilization, the mouth and anus of prelarvae was not opened but had egg yolk at newly hatched. 4 days after hatching, the mouth and anus of postlarvae was opened and began to eat Rotifer and was measured 2.40~2.49 mm ($2.45{\pm}0.03mm$ n=10) in total length. 12 days after hatching, postlarvae was measured 3.77~4.67 mm ($4.27{\pm}0.33mm$) in total length, its the second pole tide of dorsal fin and the first pole tide of pelvic fin was extended longitudinally. 71 days after hatching, juvenile was measured 40.5~45.4 mm ($42.6{\pm}2.04mm$) in total length. Seven bands were observed in body, and pole tides of dorsal and pelvic fins were shortened.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.287-295
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• 2017

Egg development and morphological change of larvae of the Sakhalin sole Limanda sakhalinensis were studied by observing specimens obtained in a rearing experiment from fertilized eggs to the juvenile stage. The wild broodstock was collected in January 2010 and kept in a circular water tank (${\O}1.5{\times}1m$) at a temperature of $14.5{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$. Fertilized eggs ranged from 0.72 to 0.82 mm ($0.77{\pm}0.07mm$, $mean{\pm}SD$) in diameter. The eggs were spherical, transparent and adhesive demersal. The egg yolk was divided from the oocyte 10 min after fertilization (AF), and an embryo was formed in 36 h AF. More than 50% of the eggs hatched within 133 h AF. The mouth and anus did not open until $3.5{\pm}0.25mm$ total length (TL). At 4, days after hatching (AH), the fish became larvae 3.7 to 4.2 mm ($4.0{\pm}0.36mm\;TL$), yolk absorption was completed and the mouth began to open. The left eye moved upward and the nostril moved to the right at 39 days AH. These post-larvae ranged from 8.0 to 9.9 mm TL ($8.9{\pm}1.33mm\;TL$). At 50 days AH, the fish became juveniles ($12.4{\pm}1.20mm\;TL$) There were 70-72 dorsal fin rays, 55-56 anal fin rays, 11 pectoral fin rays, and 6 ventral fin rays and the juveniles adopted a benthic life.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.115-119
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• 1999

We investigated the processes of egg and larval developments for aquaculture technique development of seedling production fo the flat oyster, Ostrea denselamellosa. Teo flat oyster of larviparous type was different from the pacific oyser (ovivarous type) because their larvae (trochophore and prodissoconch larvae) in the gill released into the seawater. The process of egg development was observed by artificial fertilization at $25^{\circ}C$, using a dissecting method. The sizes of Unfertilized eggs ranged from 80 to 90 $\mu\textrm{m}$ and fertilized eggs with globule-shape was 90-100 $\mu\textrm{m}$. The Polar body appeared after fertilization and egg cleavage began within 1 hour, reaching the blastula stage after 10 hours. The trochophore in the gill appeared 2-3 days after fertilization and grew to the prodissoconch larvae (130 140 $\mu\textrm{m}$) having a complete shell after 1-2 days. The shell of prodissoconch larvae grew to 205 220 $\mu\textrm{m}$ after 10 hours, and then they became umbo stage larvae showing oval in shape. The velum of umbo stage larvae was degenerated about 17-20 days after fertilization and grew into a pediveliger with a developed foot, at this time, the shell length size was 320 360 $\mu\textrm{m}$.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.369-377
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• 2013

The fertilized eggs of E. septemfasciatus are spherical and transparent with buoyancy at 790 to $890{\mu}m$ (average $821.8{\pm}2.0{\mu}m$) in diameter with 170 to $230{\mu}m$ oil globules (average $192.9{\pm}0.93{\mu}m$). Hatching began approximately 46 and 35 hours after fertilization at $22.0^{\circ}C$ and $25.0^{\circ}C$ water temperature, respectively. The average total length of newly hatched larvae was $1.75{\pm}0.03mm$. Most of the yolk and oil globules were absorbed within 3 to 4 days after hatching. The larvae reached 2.48 to 2.72 mm in total length, and their mouths and anuses opened at 3 to 4 days after hatching. In this time, the mouth diameters of the larvae were 0.209 to 0.238 mm. The larvae reached 3.24 to 4.15 mm in total length at 11 to 17 days after hatching, and began to metamorphose at the time the second dorsal and pelvic spines appeared and elongated. The abdominal cavity was densely lined with melanophores. The larvae reached 5.12 mm in total length at 24 days after hatching.