• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.518-522
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• 2005

Purpose : To evaluate the effect of inhaled hypertonic saline solution in hospitalized infants with bronchiolitis. Methods : A randomized double blind trial was performed from October 2003 to May 2004. A total of eighty patients <1 year of age with a clinical diagnosis of acute viral bronchiolitis were enrolled and assigned to receive either of the following : inhalation of 2 mL(0.5 mg) fenoterol added to 2 mL of 0.9 percent saline solution(group 1; n=40) or 2 mL(0.5 mg) fenoterol added to 2 mL of 3 percent saline solution(group 2; n=40). This therapy was repeated at six hours interval after admission. They were evaluated daily just before and 20 minutes after nebulization. The outcome measures included changes in clinical severity score(based on respiratory rate, presence of wheezing, retraction, and general condition) after nebulization and duration of hospitalization. Results : In the clinical severity score, a significant improvement was observed during the 72 hours of hospitalization in both groups(P<0.05). The basic clinical severity scores before inhalation were decreased significantly faster in group 2 as compared to group 1 on each day of treatment(P<0.05). The mean duration of hospital stay was significantly reduced in group 2 than group 1($5.9{\pm}1.9days$ versus $7.4{\pm}2.0days$, P<0.05). No adverse effects were associated with inhaled therapy. Conclusion : These results suggest that a nebulized 3 percent saline solution plus 0.5 mg fenoterol may be more effective than a 0.9 percent saline solution plus 0.5 mg fenoterol in accelerating the clinical recovery of infants with viral bronchiolitis.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.324-331
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• 2011

Although the dissolution test can serve as an effective tool for quality control and predictor of in vivo performance, there are a number of drugs with no established dissolution specifications in Korean Pharmaceutical Codex (KPC). Among those commercially available, Piracetam Tablets and Fenoterol hydrobromide Tablets were selected to develop the dissolution testing method. The dissolution condition was determined based on the "Guidelines on Specifications of Dissolution tests for Oral dosage forms" of Korea Food & Drug Administration (KFDA). The dissolution test for Piracetam Tablets was carried out under sink condition with distilled water as dissolution medium, paddle rotation speed at 50 rpm and medium volume of 900 ml. More than 80% of its label claim was released within 30 min. In case of Fenoterol hydrobromide Tablets, distilled water was also found to be suitable to ensure sink condition. The rotation speed of 50 rpm and 900 ml of dissolution medium were used to evaluate the dissolution profile. The dissolution rate of fenoterol hydrobromide was over 90% in 15 min. The HPLC analysis methods were validated in terms of accuracy, precision, specificity, linearity, quantitation limit and range. The results suggested that the analytical methods used are simple and suitable to measure the dissolution rate of piracetam and fenoterol hydrobromide. Therefore, the analysis methods could be utilized in setting dissolution specifications of Piracetam Tablets and Fenoterol hydrobromide Tablets in the revised version of KPC.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.95-100
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• 1988

Ipratropium bromide(IP) is a new anticholinergic bronchodilator To evaluate its effect on bronchial asthma which is still unkown in Korea, a double blind and randomized study was done on all patients of bronchial asthma who visit out-patients clinic of our department from June to September 1987 and showed 75 to 100% of FEV1 / FVC ratio (On pre bronchodilator spirometry(pre BD). The selected patients were given 2 puffs of Fenoterol(FE) or Ipratropium inhalator blindly and Spirometry The repeated results are: 1. In both FE and IP groups, there was a significant bronchodilatory effect on 5 and 60 minutes after administration. 2. On 5 minutes, effect of FE was significantly greater than IP.(FVC p<0.05, FEV1 p<0.01) 3. On 60 minutes, effect of IP was slightly less than FE but statistically non-significant. On the basis of above results, we concluded that onset of effect of IP is slower than FE, but its effect is significant and nearly comparable to FE.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.332-341
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• 1995

Background: Measurement of bronchodilator response is necessary to establish reversibility of airflow obstruction that was helpful to estimate the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis in obstructive airway disease. An useful index should be able to detect the bronchodilator response more sensitively not related with degree of airflow obstruction and also be independent of initial $FEV_1$. Method: Sensitivities of bronchodilator response in each group classified by degree of airflow obstruction in $FEV_1$, FVC, $FEF_{25\sim75%}$, Isovolume $FEF_{25\sim75%}$, sGaw were studied and correlation coefficients were calculated between initial $FEV_1$ and reversibilities expressed as absolute, %initial, % predicted, %possible in $FEV_1$. Result: Sensitivities of bronchodilator response were 61.5% in FVC, Isovolume $FEF_{25\sim75%}$ and sGaw, in severe group, and 56.3% in Isovolume $FEF_{25\sim75%}$ and sGaw, in moderate group, and 62.5% in $FEV_1$ and sGaw and 50.0% in FVC and Isovolume $FEF_{25\sim75%}$, in mild group, and 60.0% in sGaw and 58.0% in Isovolume $FEF_{25\sim75%}$ in total patients. Correlation coefficients between initial $FEV_1$(L) and absolute, % initial, % predicted, % possible were 0.15, -0.22(p<0.05), 0.02, 0.24(p<0.05) and correlation coefficients between initial $FEV_1$(% predicted) and absolute, % initial, % predicted, %possible were 0.06, -0.28(p<0.05), 0.08, 0.39(p<0.05). Conclusion: Volume related parameters were more sensitive index not related with degree of airway obstruction and the change in $FEV_1$ expressed as % predicted was the least dependent on initial $FEV_1$ and reversibilities, expressed as % initial or as % possible(predicted minus initial $FEV_1$)were correlated with initial $FEV_1$.