• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.82-87
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• 2002

Not only ferrous but also non-ferrous materials such as aluminum, brass, plastic and woods need cutting operation in recent manufacturing industry. Over the past few years a considerable number of studies have been made on non-ferrous metal cutting. But more study is required to meet various engineering needs. The purpose of this paper is to preform an experiment on the influence of feed-rate adjustment and side rake angle in turning operations from non-ferrous metals. As a result, the surface roughness was reduced when a side-rake angle increases and feed-rate decreases in the case of the plastic, brass, aluminum, and paulownia. Therefore, this papers develop a new type bite that be used to adjust side-rake angle.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.729-737
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• 2009

This paper introduces the machine tools feed system, which can be optimized the control's performance through simulation and the adjustment of the mechanical components. One method simulates the frequency response of the speed-loop with the design value using the MATLAB application, so that all of the interpolation axis can be equal to the response bandwidth, resulting in a high accuracy rate. The other method sees the mechanical component being adjusted by analyzing the results of various experiments. Lastly, this client's program is able to change the parameters that are related to the FFD, as well as the parameters in the friction compensation of the OPEN-CNC.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.1-6
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• 2001

In the present industry, there are necessary to cut only iron metals but also non-ferrous metals such as aluminum, brass, plastic and wood(Paulownia), therefor it had been made the studies of non-ferrous metals by many scientists. we hope this kind of study will continue. The purpose of this study is to conduct the basic experiment about influencing of the feedrate adjustment and the change of the side rake angle at turning of non-feerous metals. As the results, the surface roughnesses were on the decrease with a side-rake angle and feedrate diminution in the case of the pastic, aluminum, and paulownia.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.1634-1638
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• 2002

Quantification of endogenous amino acid loss at the terminal ileum is an essential means for calculation of the true amino acid digestibility of a feedstuff. Since nitrogen appeared in the determined diet or not could shift the results very much, also, none of digestibility markers could be recovered with 100% rate at the terminal ileum, the objectives of the present study were: (1) to determine endogenous amino acid losses when fed either a casein diet or a protein-free diet and (2) to examine the reliability of chromic oxide or acid insoluble ash in the protein-free diet. Six ileal-cannulated pigs ($65{\pm}1.85 kg$ BW) with a simple T-cannula in the terminal ileum were used in a replicated $3{\times}3$ Latin square designed trial, after allowed a 14 d recuperation period. Each test period ran for 12 days comprised of a 10 d adjustment period and a 2 d collection period. The endogenous AA losses of His, Ile, Lys, Cys, Thr, Val, Trp, Asp, Glu, and Ser from pigs fed the casein diet were significantly higher than those of the protein-free diet (p<0.05). No significant difference was found in the amount of endogenous amino acid loss when determined with the different markers in the protein-free diet (p>0.05). These data suggest that endogenous amino acid loss could be underestimated when a protein-free diet is used. A direct effect of dietary peptides on the endogenous amino acid loss was found when the casein diet was fed. Our results also indicate that acid insoluble ash can be used as an inert marker as an alternative to chromic oxide when measuring endogenous amino acid loss.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.32-37
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• 2001

In the present industry, there are necessary to cut not only iron metals but also non-ferrous metals such as aluminum, brass, plastic and wood(Paulownia). therefore it had been made the studies of non-ferrous metals by many scientists. we hope this kind of study will continue. The purpose of this study is to conduct the basic experiment about influencing of change the side rake angle at turning of non-ferrous metals. As the results, the surface roughnesses were on the increase with a increase of side-rake angle at the case of the plastic, brass, aluminum, and paulownia.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.1598-1604
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• 2001

Eight $12.4{\pm}0.6kg$ initial body weight crossbred barrows were used to determine the effect of soybean galactooligosaccharides on nutrient and energy digestibility, and digesta transit time. Four dietary treatments were utilized in this trial. Treatment one was a corn-soybean meal based diet (SBM) containing raffinose and stachyose at the levels of 0.16% and 0.75%, respectively. Treatment two (control) was a corn-HP300 (soybean concentrate protein) diet. In treatments three and four, 1.1% and 2.2% commercial stachyose was added to the control diet to provide total dietary stachyose at the levels of 1% and 2%, respectively. The soybean galactooligosaccharides (raffinose + stachyose) level in treatment one was slightly lower compared to that in treatment three. Three collection periods were run with two pigs for each treatment/period. There was a 4 d adjustment period followed by a 3 d collection period. The results showed that the nitrogen retention (86.79%) of pigs fed treatment two diet was higher than that of pigs fed treatment one by 5.2% (p<0.05). The nitrogen retention of treatment three was intermediate 83.09%. The apparent fecal digestibility of all amino acids in treatment two was numerically highest, followed by treatments three and four. However, there were no significant difference among groups (p>0.05). The dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), and crude fiber (CF) digestibility numerically decreased as the soybean galactooligosaccharides level increased, but were not significantly different (p>0.05). Chromium content in feces (from the inclusion of 0.3% chromic oxide in the diets) differed among treatments (p<0.05) at 15 h, 18 h, and 21 h after eating. This showed that the digesta transit time was differed significantly among treatments. Treatment four was the shortest, followed by treatment three, SBM and control. The results demonstrated that in the absence of antinutritional factors and soybean antigen protein, inclusion of 1% and 2% stachyose in corn-HP300 diet has no significant effect on the digestibility of DM, OM, CP, CF and amino acids. When the soybean galactooligosaccharide level in diet one and diet three were adjusted to be almost the same, antinutritional factors such as trypsin inhibitor and soybean antigen protein could decrease the nutrient digestibility and nitrogen retention rate of diet. High levels of soybean galactooligosaccharides shortened the digesta transit time in the intestinal tract. This trial suggested that the total level of soybean galactooligosaccharides (stachyose+raffinose) in the weanling piglet diet is better not to exceed 1% when common soybean meal is used as main protein source.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.200-205
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• 1998

A probiotic-strain of Lactobacillus sp. was cultured in bovine blood plasma-based (BBPB) medium and freeze-dried to prepare a probiotic product as an animal feed additive. The cell mass produced in the medium, $5.2{\times}10^9$ CFU/ml, was high enough to be commercialized and was 74% of that in MRS medium. The survival rate of tactobacillus sp. against freeze-drying was affected by the conditions for treatment of cultured BBPB broth before freeze-drying such as pH adjustment, volume reduction and freezing rate. It was also found that the blood protein hydrolysate remaining in broth also enhanced the survival rate. Among various protective substances, sucrose showed a high stabilizing effect with 10% (w/v) addition, by which the maximum survival rate (48.3%) and viable cell count ($3.0{\times}10^{10}$ CFU/g) were obtained.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.21-29
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• 2013

Present study was conducted to evaluate the performance of Anaerobic Hybrid Reactor (AHR) combined with two types of anaerobic attached growth reactors at mesophilic temperature ($37^{\circ}C$). The reactor was operated at the influent substrate condition of 19,400 mg/L soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD). The organic loading rate (OLR) and flow rate were varied in the range of $9.5{\sim}22.5kg/m^3$. day and 10.6 ~ 26.0 L/day respectively since start-up was done. The COD removal efficiency of 93 % was measured at the OLR of $14kg/m^3$. day in AHR. However a reduction in removal efficiency to as low as 85 % could have been related to a combined effect of high concentration suspended solids (SS) concentration over 3,800 mg/L. On the other hand the total COD removal efficiencies were measured to be 96.3 % and 96.2 % for AHR+APF and AHR+ADF respectively. The pH of the POME was adjusted to neutral range by using sodium bicarbonate at the initial stages of the reactor feed, later stages pH adjustment was not required as the pH was maintained in the desired neutral range due to self-buffering capacity of the reactor. The reactor proved to be economically acceptable and operationally stable. The biogas was measured to have $CH_4$ and $CO_2$ with a ratio of 35:65, and methane gas production rate was estimated to be $0.17{\sim}10.269L\;CH_4/g\;COD_{removed}$.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.698-704
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• 2010

The machine vision system has been widely applied at automatic inspection field of the industries. Especially, the machine vision system shows good performance at difficult inspection field by contact method. In this paper, the automatic system of a slant method to inspect screw/bolt shape using machine vision is developed. The inspection system uses pattern matching method that search similar degree of the lucidity, the average lucidity, length and angle of inspection set up area using a circular scan and a line scan method. Also the feeding method for inspection product is the slant method, and feed rate is controlled by the ramp angle adjustment. This inspection system is composed of a feeding device, a transfer device, vision systems, a lighting device and computer, and is composed the sorting discharge system of the inferior product. The performance test carried out the feeding speed, the shape correct degree and the sorting discharge speed according to the type of screw/bolt. This sorting inspection system showed a satisfied test results in whole inspection items. Presently, this sorting inspection system is being used in the manufacturing process of screw/bolt usefully.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.57 no.10
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• pp.36.1-36.9
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• 2015

Background: This study examined the effects of dietary supplementation with rice bran, sire breed and gender on live animal performance and carcass characteristics in Australian crossbred and purebred Merino lambs. Methods: Forty-eight lambs balanced by sire breed (Dorset, White Suffolk, Merino) and gender (ewe, wether) were randomly allocated into three dietary supplementation groups (Control- 24 lambs fed wheat/barley-based pellets, Low- 12 animals fed a 50/50 ratio of wheat-based/rice bran pellets, and High- 12 lambs fed rice bran pellets). The Rice bran pellets replaced 19 % of the barley component of the feed. Animals were group-fed at the rate of 1000 g of the supplement per head per day with ad libitum access to lucerne hay as the basal diet and water. The duration of the feeding trial was 49 days with an initial 21-day adjustment period. Results: Sire breed differences were evident for initial (p < 0.0002) and final (p < 0.0016) liveweights, hot carcass (p < 0.0030) and cold carcass (p < 0.0031) weights, as well as dressing percentage (p < 0.0078), fat thickness (p < 0.0467), yield grade (p < 0.0470) and rib eye area (p < 0.0022) with purebred Merino under-performing compared to the crossbreds. Concentrate feed conversion efficiency, costs per unit of liveweight gain and over the hooks income were comparable between treatments regardless of the observed trend where the high supplementation group tended to show lower feed intake (745.8 g/day) compared to both the control (939.9 g/day) and low supplementation groups (909.6 g/day). No significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed between treatments for live animal performance, carcass characteristics, gender and their second-order interactions. Conclusions: Results indicate that Rice bran can be utilised as a cost-effective supplementary feed source in genetically divergent sheep over a 49-day feeding period without detrimental effects on overall live animal performance or carcass characteristics.