• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.174-180
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• 1994

The disease syndrome characterized by the acute vomiting and diarrhea with high mortality had been greatly epidemic in Kyungbuk West Area since March 1990 and it was followed serologically for the classification of the agent. The agent present in feces of dogs associated with this syndrome had characteristic feature in agglutinating pig red blood cells that was specifically inhibited by anti-CPV reference dog serum. This also showed the serological identity with the reference CPV antigen in Hemagglutinating inhibition test. The result obtained were summarized as follows : 1. During 5 years(March. 1990∼September. 1994), 1,470 dogs were investigated on the actual condition of CPV infections. The Infection rate of CPV from dogs was 62.5% and mortality rate was 59.8%. 2. Among 24 fecal samples collected from the dogs with enteric disease, all showed the hemagglutinating activity to porcine erythrocyte ranging from 40 to 5,120 of HA titers. 3. Among 12 sera samples collected from the dogs with enteric disease, all showed the serological identity with the reference CPV antigen from 5 to 5,120 of HI titers. 4. Bacteriologic examination of fecal specimens resulted in the isolation of pathogeric bacteria such as Staphylococcus sp, Streptococcus sp, Escherichia coli and Bacillus. Cultures for salmonella sp and Clostridium remaind negative. 5. The prevalence and identification of internal parasites were determined by fecal examination using the floatation methods. From 20 fecal samples 12(60.0%) were isolated and their species were Toxacara canis, Toxascaris leonina, and coccidium.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.279-286
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• 2010

Livestock production in Vietnam is, as in most Asian countries, increasing rapidly and changing into specialized highly intensified operations. The volume of animal excreta generated exceeds the capacity of the operation land base and cannot be utilized efficiently. As a consequence, there is a loss of plant nutrients from livestock farms that causes environmental pollution. This study carried out a feed and excretion experiment measuring fecal characteristic, daily fecal production, daily nitrogen and phosphorous excretion from grower-finisher pigs fed prevalent rations in Vietnam. Furthermore, equations for assessing the excretion were tested, which can be used in farm models for optimal recycling of manure while focusing on reducing pollution. The results indicated that fecal production and nutrient excretion were affected by the different rations tested. This study showed that five selected equations for predicting excretion from grower-finisher pigs in Danish conditions can also be used with precision in Vietnamese pig farming systems. The equations have been proven valid and can, therefore, be used as a much needed tool for assessing fecal production and nitrogen in excreta on pig farms. The study also showed that about 12% of nitrogen excreted was emitted during housing. Waste water contains more than half of the nitrogen excreted, mainly in ammonium form which has a high potential for gaseous emission.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.607-613
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• 2010

The influence of dietary supplementation with blended essential oil on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profiles and fecal characteristics was evaluated in 125 crossed ((Duroc ${\times}$Yorkshire) ${\times}$Landrace) pigs (6.21${\pm}$0.20 kg initial body weight and 21 d average age). The pigs were allotted to the following treatments: i) NC (antibiotic free diet), ii) PC (NC diet+44 ppm tylosin), iii) T1 (NC diet+0.1% essential oil), iv) T2 (NC diet+0.1% essential oil (with 0.3% Benzoic acid)) and v) T3 (NC+22 ppm tylosin and 0.05% essential oil). Average daily gain (ADG) was improved in the T2 group on d 14 (p<0.05). In addition, nutrient digestibility was partially affected (both positively and negatively) by the treatments. Furthermore, the immune system was stimulated and the fecal pH and fecal noxious gases were improved in pigs that received the diets supplemented with essential oil (p<0.05). The appearance and score of diarrhea also tended to be lower in pigs that were subjected to the essential oil treatments. Collectively, the results of this study indicate that supplementation of the diet with blended essential oils could replace treatment with antibiotics to improve growth performance and fecal characteristics.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.1357-1362
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• 1999

For the study of human intestinal environments with the intestinal bacteria producing ${\beta}-glucuronidase\;and \;7{\alpha}-dehydroxylase$, genus Clostridium, known as the producer, were isolated from the fecal microflora. Through screening twice for one person, fecal microflora without major bacterial group seemed to be changed, which indicated the microflora would be changeable by the diet factors. With using Neomycin-Nagler selective medium during the screening, 14 Clostridium spp. were isolated and then the harmful enzyme activities were determined. Isolate-11 among them produced strongly ${\beta}-glucuronidase$ and its activity was 0.021 unit/mg Protein. However, the strain producing $7{\alpha}-dehydroxylase$ was not isolated. The Isolate-11 was tentatively identified as Clostridium scatologenes through cultural and physiological characteristic.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.70-75
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• 1993

To determine the prevalence of bovine rotavirus Infection in Chungbuk area, fecal specimen were collected from calves nth diarrhea and tested using ELISA. The positive rates were 53.8%(1 to 30days old), 19.0%(31 to 60days old), and 3.2%(over 60days old). Electrophoretic migration patterns of genomic RNA from field isolates were similar to that of NCDV strain, prototype of bovine rotavirus. Bovine rotavirus field isolate showed characteristic morphology of rotavirus particle with 80nm in diameter, using EM.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2020.08a
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• pp.9-9
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• 2020

Many modern people are exposed to chronic inflammatory diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), atopic dermatitis and immune disorder. Among those chronic diseases, the incidence ratio of IBD has been increased. IBD, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis (UC), is known to cause abnormal inflammation in intestinal tissue. UC is accompanied by abdominal pain, bloody stool and diarrhea. Many therapeutic agents, such as sulfasalazine, corticosteroids, immunosuppressive agents, have been used for treating UC. However, those agents have side-effects and temporary effects on UC. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of herbal medicine on UC and relationship between UC and intestinal bacteria according characteristic of herbal medicine. To determine the effect of herbal medicine on UC, various herbal medicine were chosen within oriental medicine category such as cheongyeol and onyeol medicine. In this study, we found carthami fructus, included in cheongyeol medicine, had stronger effect than onyeol medicine. Also, we determined influence of carthami fructus against lactic acid bacteria. Catthami fructus and lingon berry extracts affected the composition of mice intestinal bacteria in mice fecal. The symptoms of UC could be regulate by using herbal medicine, according to characteristic of herbal medicine. Also, herbal medicine might be change body condition to healthy by controlling intestinal bacteria composition. Herbal medicine characteristic could be a therapeutic agent by revealing relationship between intestinal bacteria and UC.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.429-441
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• 1994

The difference in lipid metabolism between breast-fed(BF) and formula-fed(FF) infants were studied in 31 Korean infants at 1, 2 and 3 months postpartum. The formulas had more total lipids(TL), triglycerides(TG) and phospholipids and less cholesterol(CHOL) and free fatty acids(FFA) than the breast milk. The milk consumption of the FF infants was significantly greater than that of the BF infants with a wide individual variation. As a result, the FF infants appeared to consume more TL, TG and PL and less CHOL and FFA than the BF infants during 3 months. The lipid contents of the breast milk tended to decrease in due course of lactation, therefore the intake of lipids of BF infants was reduced during the first three month of lactation. The plasma TG and CHOL levels of infants at 3 month were not significantly different between the BF and FF infants, but the PL level of the BF infants was higher then that of the FF infants. The plasma levels of TG and CHOL were not significantly correlated with the intakes of TL, TG, CHOL, PL and FFA, respectively. The PL level, however, was positively correlated with the intakes of CHOL and FFA, respectively and negatively correlated with PL intake as well as 18 : 2w6 fatty acid content of the breast milk or the formulas. The fecal weight and fecal loss of TL of the FF infants were greater than those of the BF infants during 3 months, however, apparent lipids digestibility was not significantly different between the BF and FF infants. The fecal excretions of CHOL and bile acids of FF infants were substantially higher than those of BF infants during 3 months. New sterol balance showed a particularly large difference between the BF and FF infants. The value of the net sterol balance of the BF infants was negative, but that of the FF infants was positive. This study shows that the consumption pattern of various lipid components of BF and FF infants were different as a result of different lipid compositions between breast milk and formula. The significantly lower sterol balance of the BF infants than the FF infants may have been derived from the unique dietary characteristic of breast milk.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.169-174
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• 1988

To determine the prevalence and the morphological identification of two Eimeria species in fecal examinations, a total of 1092 fecal specimens collected during the period of March to December in 1987 was tested by means of flotation technique. The results obtained were summarized as follow: 1. The prevalence of two species was revealed as 1.83% and 0.92% in E. bukidnonensis and E. wyomingensis, respectively. 2. The oocysts of E. bukidnonensis measured in range of $41.3{\mu}m$ to $49.4{\mu}m(mean\;45.5{\pm}1.7){\times}28.8{\mu}m$ to $35.3{\mu}m(mean\;32.2{\pm}1.2)$, and E. wyomingensis $36.9{\mu}m$ to $44.5{\mu}m(mean\;39.8{\pm}1.7){\times}26.5{\mu}m$ to $29.9{\mu}m(mean\;28.2{\pm}0.9)$. 3. The oocysts of E. bukidnonensis appeared darker and more robust than those of E. wyomingensis. 4. The striations in the oocyst wall of E. bukidnonensis were more peculiar than in E. wyomingensis. 5. Among the morphological characteristic, the widths could be reliably taken as a differential point of view for two Eimeria species.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.599-604
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• 2000

$\beta$-Sitosterol, campesterol and stigmasterol have been known to the phytosterols the most frequently found in plants. Metabolism of phytosterols was investigated using rat feces and liver microsomes. Feces were collected after phytosterols (a well characterized mixture of $\beta$-sitosterol 40%, campesterol 30% and dihydrobrasicasterol) were administered orally (0.5 ${g/kg$) to rats. Metabolites of phytosterols were identified using GC/MS. Three peaks were eluted at 12.47, 12.65, 12.87 min and had characteristic molecular ions m/z 428, 430, 432, respectively. Three fecal metabolites were identified as androstadienedione, androstenedione, and androstanedione. No metabolites could be detected in the rat liver microsomal reaction mixture. The results suggest that the metabolites of phytosterols in rat feces are formed by oxidation at 3- position, saturation at 5- and 6- position, and 17- side chain cleavage in the rat large intestine.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.806-815
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• 2018

This study was performed to isolate some strains of Bifidobacterium breve from fecal materials of neonates and to screen them for the biotransformation activity of converting linoleic acid into conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). Fecal samples were collected from twenty healthy neonates between 14 and 100 days old, and four hundred colonies were randomly selected from a Bifidobacterium selective transoligosaccharide medium. A duplex polymerase chain reaction technique was developed for the rapid and accurate molecular characterization of the B. breve strains that have been reported to show the species-specific characteristic of CLA production. They are identified by 16S ribosomal DNA, fructose-6-phosphate phosphoketolase encoding genes (xfp), and rapid pulsed field gel electrophoresis. Thirty-six isolates were identified as B. breve, and just two of the 12 neonates were harboring B. breve strains. Each isolate showed different CLA-producing ability in the spectrophotometric assay. All of the positive strains from the primary spectrophotometric assay were confirmed for their CLA-producing activities using gas-chromatographic analysis, and their conversion rates were different, depending on the strain isolated in this study. Some strains of B. breve were successfully isolated and characterized based on the CLA-producing activity, and further studies are necessary to characterize the enzyme and the gene responsible for the enzyme activity.