• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.115-124
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• 2011

The property of the mobile phone is taking important role to choose it. In the present situation, exploring, comparing and analyzing the important properties of regular mobile phone(feature phone) and smart phone are very meaningful study. Therefore, the survey was carried out to get the properties of feature phone and smart phone and analyze the difference of those phones. And proposed the important variables for customer satisfaction which must be given priority. The result showed that 'design' and 'Quality' are important to both mobile phone user groups. The problems with mobile phones currently in use were 'poor performance' to feature phone users and 'expensive charge' and 'poor A/S' to smart phone users. Two groups also showed significant difference with the customer satisfactions, and smart phone user group showed higher satisfaction. For smart phone user group, four factors are induced from the properties but 'Hardware Quality' (representing 'call Quality', 'A/S', 'Convenience to use', 'Battery life') and 'Design & Function'(representing 'Internet', 'Convergence Functions', 'Design, 'Color') have significant and positive effects on Customer Satisfaction.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.2209-2212
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• 2003

In this paper, we propose the method to extract the important frequency bands from the EMG signal, and for generation of feature vector using the important frequency bands. The EMG signal is measured with 4 sensor and is recorded as 4 channel’s time series data. The same frequency bands from 4 channel’s frequency components are selected as the important frequency bands. The feature vector is calculated by the function formed using the combination of selected same important frequency bands. The EMG signals acquired from seven wrist motion type are recognized by changing into the feature vector formed. Then, the extraction and generation is performed by using the double combination of the genetic algorithm (GA) and the neural network (NN). Finally, in order to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, computer simulations are done.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1998 no.11
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• pp.263-264
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• 1998

In this paper, we present the result of feature points recognition and classification of radial pulse by the shape of pulse wave. And we analyze radial pulse in frequency domain. The recognition algorithm use the method which runs in parallel with both the data of ECG and differential pulse simultaneously to recognize the feature points. Also fie specified 3-time elements of pulse wave as main parameters for diagnosis and measured them by execution of algorithm, then we classify the shape of radial pulse by existence and position of feature points. lastly we execute frequency analysis on the feature points and get the power spectrum of radial pulse.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.161-178
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• 2001

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the expletives and EPP in Chomsky's(1998, 1999) Minimalism. Generalized EPP is suggested in Chomsky(1998): every functional head may have an uninterpretable selectional feature for its specifier position to be filled by a proper element. After briefly examining the properties of EPP and ${\Phi}$- features in Chomsky (1998, 1999), there-constructions are examined in terms of Agree. EPP features are satisfied by there-Merge or Move of an associate NP. Case feature is regarded as a reflex of ${\Phi}$-feature. Hence, it is suggested that there is a pure expletive with a [person] feature. It has shown that the uninterpretable [person] feature of there is not erased by the nonfinite T($T_{def}$) in terms of Agree in the Raising and ECM constructions. Again the uninterpretable [person] feature of there Agrees with finite T and moves to SPEC-T to satisfy the EPP feature, and finally the uninterpretable [person] feature of there is erased. PRT(=-en) is also regarded as a defective probe with a [number] feature and a [gender] feature.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.8 no.12
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• pp.4568-4587
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• 2014

Authentication of videos and images based on the content is becoming an important problem in information security. Unfortunately, previous studies lack the consideration of Kerckhoffs's principle in order to achieve this (i.e., a cryptosystem should be secure even if everything about the system, except the key, is public knowledge). In this paper, a solution to the problem of finding a relationship between a frame's index and its content is proposed based on the creative utilization of a robust manifold feature. The proposed solution is based on a novel semi-fragile watermarking scheme for H.264/AVC video content authentication. At first, the input I-frame is partitioned for feature extraction and watermark embedding. This is followed by the temporal feature extraction using the Isometric Mapping algorithm. The frame index is included in the feature to produce the temporal watermark. In order to improve security, the spatial watermark will be encrypted together with the temporal watermark. Finally, the resultant watermark is embedded into the Discrete Cosine Transform coefficients in the diagonal positions. At the receiver side, after watermark extraction and decryption, temporal tampering is detected through a mismatch between the frame index extracted from the temporal watermark and the observed frame index. Next, the feature is regenerate through temporal feature regeneration, and compared with the extracted feature. It is judged through the comparison whether the extracted temporal watermark is similar to that of the original watermarked video. Additionally, for spatial authentication, the tampered areas are located via the comparison between extracted and regenerated spatial features. Experimental results show that the proposed method is sensitive to intentional malicious attacks and modifications, whereas it is robust to legitimate manipulations, such as certain level of lossy compression, channel noise, Gaussian filtering and brightness adjustment. Through a comparison between the extracted frame index and the current frame index, the temporal tempering is identified. With the proposed scheme, a solution to the Kerckhoffs's principle problem is specified.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics B
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• v.29B no.11
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• pp.102-110
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• 1992

In this paper, a new method of character recognition is proposed. It uses density information, in addition to positional and directional information generally used, to recognize a character. Four directional feature primitives are extracted from the thinning templates on the observation that the output of the templates have directional property in general. A simple and fast feature extraction scheme is possible. Features are organized from recursive nonary tree(N-tree) that corresponds to normalized character area. Each node of the N-tree has four directional features that are sum of the features of it's nine sub-nodes. Every feature primitive from the templates are added to the corresponding leaf and then summed to the upper nodes successively. Recognition can be accomplished by using appropriate feature level of N-tree. Also, effectiveness of each node's feature vector was tested by experiment. A method to implement the proposed feature vector organization algorithm into hardware is proposed as well. The third generation node, which is 4$\times$4, is used as a unit processing element to extract features, and it was implemented in hardware. As a result, we could observe that it is possible to extract feature vector for real-time processing.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.435-442
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• 1999

A fuzzy-ART(adaptive resonance theory) network for the PVC(premature ventricular contraction) classification using wavelet coefficient is designed. This network consists of the feature extraction and learning of the fuzzy-ART network. In the first step, we have detected the QRS from the ECG signal in order to set the threshold range for feature extraction and the detected QRS was divided into several frequency bands by wavelet transformation using Haar wavelet. Among the low-frequency bands, only the 6th coefficient(D6) are selected as the input feature. After that, the fuzzy-ART network for classification of the PVC is learned by using input feature which comprises of binary data converted by applying threshold to D6. The MIT/BIH database including the PVC is used for the evaluation. The designed fuzzy-ART network showed the PVC classification ratio of 96.52%.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
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• v.34S no.7
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• pp.102-111
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• 1997

In this paper, a patern recognition method of surface mount device(SMD) IC using wavelet transform and neural network is proposed. We chose the feature parameter according to the characteristics of coefficient matrix which is obtained from four level discrete wavelet transform (DWT). These feature parameters are normalized and then used for the input vector of neural network which is capable of adapting the surroundings such as variation of illumination, arrangement of objects and translation. Experimental results show that when the same form of feature pattern, as is used for learning, is put into neural network and gained 100% rate ofrecognition irrespective of SMD IC kinds, location and variation of illumination. In the case of unused feature pattern for learning, the recognition rate is 85.9% under the similar surroundings, where as an average recognition rate is 96.87% for the case of reregulated value of illumination. Proosed method is relatively simple compared with the traditional space domain method in extracting the feature parameter and is also well suited for recognizing the pattern's class, position and existence. It can also shorten the processing tiem better than method extracting feature parameter with the use of discrete cosine transform(DCT) and adapt the surroundings such as variation of illumination, the arrangement and the translation of SMD IC.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.41-46
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• 2009

Duration of the preceding vowel is known to vary as a function of the (phonological or phonetic) voicing feature of the following consonant. This study raises a question against this general belief. A spectrographic experiment using 14 Korean obstruents (three sets of stops: /p, p', $p^h$/, /t, t', $t^h$/, /k, k', $k^h$/; one set of affricates: /c, c', $c^h$/; one set of fricatives: /s, s'/) reveals that (1) phonetic voicing in the intervocalic lax consonants /p, t, k, c, s/ has nothing to do with the duration of the preceding vowel; (2) vowel length is significantly shorter before tense consonants than before their lax cognates while tense consonants are significantly longer than their lax cognates. Importantly, Korean obstruents are all phonologically voiceless. Therefore, the voicing feature is rejected as the cause of preconsonantal vowel shortening in Korean both phonetically and phonologically. It is suggested that the temporal phenomenon is basically a kind of physiologically-motivated coarticulation though it is restricted by the phonology of a given language. To meet this assumption, the feature voicing should be replaced with the feature tenseness as the cause, which will enable us to explain the temporal phenomenon on the same basis irrespective of language.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.4 no.10
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• pp.631-642
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• 2003

We propose an approach to extract and to classify facial features into some classes from one's photo as prepared classification standards to generate one's avatar. Facial Feature Extraction and Classification was executed at eyes, nose, lips, jaw separately and I presented each facial features and classification standards. Extracted Facial Features are used for calculation to features of professional designer's facial component images. Then, most similar facial component images are mapped onto avatar's vector face.