• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 2020

Vietnamese cities have a high risk of flooding under climate change due to their geographical characteristics. In this situation, the urban area is expanding with rapid growth of urban population. However, the risk of flooding is increasing due to the increase in impermeable areas and insufficient infrastructure. This study analyzed the urban expansion trend at the national level in Vietnam for the past 10 years (2007-2017) by using the Urban Expansion Intensity Index. Also, this study selected Hue City as a region with a large impact of climate change and a rapid expansion and found the possibility of flooding in the urban expansion area. The result showed that cities have been expanded around major cities in the Red River Delta, Mekong Delta, and coastal areas. In the case of Hue City, the area with fast expansion rate has a higher expected flood area. It implies that the risk of flood disasters may increase if the urabn expansion is carried out without disaster prevention measures. It is expected that Korean urban disaster prevention policies such as urban climate change disaster vulnerability analysis system will be helpful in establishing urban plans considering climate change in the fast growing regions such as Vietnam.

• World Technopolis Review
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.64-80
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• 2013

In "Creating the Technopolis: High Technology Development in Austin Texas," Smilor, Kozmetsky, and Gibson (1988) make the case that in the mid-1980s Austin was becoming a globally competitive high tech region. Indeed over the years and into 2013, Austin has established its reputation as a leading entrepreneurial and technology center and "talent magnet." Delegations from across the US and worldwide visit Austin to better understand how this central Texas city went from being a state government and university town to become a fast growing, globally competitive, technology hotspot leading the state and nation in job creation. Central to the concept of the Triple Helix and Technopolis Frameworks is the importance of university, business, and government cooperation. This paper gives examples of mechanisms, processes, and metrics on how The University of Texas at Austin; regional technology industry; federal, state, and local government policies; and support groups all contributed to growing and sustaining the Austin Technopolis.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.139-151
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• 2008

Objectives: Since 2000 interests in Healthy City Project has been growing fast in Korea. Amid this atmosphere, the need for establishing priorities when planning Healthy City Project and carrying forward the plan has arisen. Therefore, this study tries to conduct practical research on the manner of setting priorities of business valuation standard about Healthy City Project. Methods: The research was carried out with Healthy City experts and government official. And in this research the responses of 28 participants among 37 have been taken into consideration due to their consistent responses. Results: The results of Level 1 showed that the "social & environmental approach" accounted for more than the "individual approach". In the case of Level 2, fields resulted in order of "environment", "infrastructure", "behavior", "evaluation and reflection", "disease prevention and rehabilitation", and "setting approach". Conclusions: The findings derived from this study are first, it is feasible to suggest the ways of establishing priorities as to the evaluation standards for the Healthy City Project and second, the results present the ways to proceed in terms of what tasks should be done for the healthy City Project development.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.11
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• pp.281-290
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• 2020

Given the rise in international tourism and the rapid growth of the Vietnamese economy, the hospitality industry in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam's commercial hub, has been facing severe labor shortages due to competition with other fast-growing parts of the economy. These struggles to acquire high-quality employees is strangling future growth and placing new importance on the role of recruitment. To better understand the effectiveness of an organization's recruitment strategy, recruiters need to ascertain the Job Pursuit Intention (JPI) of job seekers to efficiently align an applicant's work notions with the organization's goals. This study aims to investigate the factors impacting on JPI among employees working in the hotel sector in Ho Chi Minh City. Secondary data are from previous studies and primary data are from consultation with 10 experts, group discussions and five in-depths structured interviews with 15 random employees and 302 survey questionnaires with employees working in three five-star hotels. Cronbach's Alpha, EFA, T-Test, ANOVA are used for statistical analysis. The findings show that compensation, career advancement, and work-life balance affect JPI of job seekers, in which compensation is the most influential factor. Furthermore, recommendations for recruiters, further research and limitations of this study have been laid out.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2021.04a
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• pp.33-42
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• 2021

Based on the findings of Lee et al.(2020) and Lee & Oh(2021), this paper aims to fill the gap in our knowledge regarding the relationship between strategic choices and corporate growth by utilizing a novel dataset of 'Unicorn' and 'Hyper-growing' companies. Two previous studies provide coherent findings that the relationship between firms' strategies and their performance should be explored under a more comprehensive framework with consideration of both internal and external factors. Therefore, in this study, we apply a single conceptual framework to two different datasets, which considers the strategy factors as independent variables, and the industry(market) and the firm age as moderating variables. For our dependent variables, valuations for unicorn companies and revenue CAGR for hyper-growing companies are used after categorizing them into three uniform groups. The strategy variables include 'Generic (Cost-leadership, Differentiation, focus) strategies', 'Growth(Organic, M&A) strategies', 'Leading(Pioneer, Fast-follower) strategies', 'Target market(B2B, B2C, B2G, C2C) strategies', 'Global(Global, Local) strategies', 'Digital(Online, Offline) strategies.' For industry(market) factors, it consists of historical growth rate for industries and economic, demographic, and regulatory aspects of states and countries. To overcome the differences in their units, they are also uniformly categorized into multiple groups. Before we conduct a regression analysis, we analyze the industry distribution of the 'Unicorn' and the 'Hyper-growing' companies with descriptive statistics at the integrated and individual levels. Next, we employ hierarchical regression models on Study A('Unicorn' companies in 2019) and Study B('Hyper-growing' companies in 2019) under the same comprehensive framework. We then analyze the relationship between the 'strategy' and the 'performance' factors with two different approaches: 1) an integrated regression model with both the sample of Study A and B and 2) respective regression models on Study A and B. This empirical study aims to provide a complete understanding and a reference to which strategy factors should be considered to promote firms' scale-up and growth.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.45-52
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• 2021

The capital structure is one of the hot financial topics among researchers and scholars. Its importance comes from the fact that capital structure is closely related to companies' ability to meet different stakeholders' needs. A suitable capital structure will boost the business and create a competitive advantage in the context of fierce competition. Many companies choose an optimal debt level based on the trade-off between interest and debt costs. This study aimed to test the existence of trade-off theory in capital structure, the case of Vietnam's real estate companies, which are growing very fast recently. Instead of considering constant optimal leverage to test the trade-off model, we take advantage of the dynamic capital structure determined by growth opportunities, profitability, tax incentives, tangibility, liquidity, and firm size. The dynamic panel data regression was estimated by the system Generalized Method of Moment (Sys-GMM). The empirical evidence showed that real estate companies listed in the Vietnamese stock market might change their leverage toward a target capital structure determined by influential factors in a long-term perspective. In particular, the debt-to-asset ratio will change by approximately 14 percent, positively, in response to the difference between the current debt-to-asset ratio and the dynamic target debt-to-asset ratio.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.98-104
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• 2010

Chang'an, an ancient historical city with its construction basement remains. Chinese Traditional Landscape Culture comes from the ancient civilization of the Yellow River and the environment of the central Shaanxi plain forms its ideology characteristic. Basing on the fast urbanization and growth of economies, there is a growing emphasis on Urban Landscape Cultural Heritage. The spatial pattern and traditional landscape should be protected and exhibit because it reflects the original characteristic and implied meaning of Chinese traditional landscape culture. This paper presents the case of Huaqing Palace(華淸宮) scenery area as an example; evaluate the value of its original landscape culture, showing the way of the conservation and regulation.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.51-78
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• 2021

Followed by 'start-up', the theme of 'scale-up' has been considered as an important agenda in both corporate and policy spheres. In particular, although it is a term commonly used in industry and policy fields, even a conceptual definition has not been achieved from the academic perspective. "Corporate Growth" in the academic aspect and "Business Growth" in the practical management field have different understandings (Achtenhagen et al., 2010). Previous research on corporate growth has not departed from Penrose(1959)'s "Firm as a bundle of resources" and "the role of managers". Based on the theory and background of economics, existing research has mainly examined factors that contribute to firms' growth and their growth patterns. Comparatively, we lack knowledge on the firms' growth with a focus on 'annual revenue growth rate'. In the early stage of the firms, they tend to exhibit a high growth rate as it started with a lower level of annual revenue. However, when the firms reach annual revenue of more than 100 billion KRW, a threshold to be classified as a 'middle-standing enterprise' by Korean standards, they are unlikely to reach a high level of revenue growth rate. In our study, we used our sample of 333 companies (6.7% out of 5,000 'fastest-growing' companies) which reached 15% of the compound annual growth rate in the last three years with more than USD 100 million. It shows that sustaining 'high-growth' above a certain firm size is difficult. The study focuses on firms with annual revenue of more than $100 billion (approximately 120 billion KRW) from the 'Inc. 2020 fast-growing companies 5,000' list. The companies have been categorized into 1) Fast-growing companies (revenue CAGR 15%~40% between 2016 and 2019), 2) Hyper-growing companies (40%~99.9%), and 3) Super-growing (100% or more) with in-depth analysis of each group's characteristics. Also, the relationship between the revenue growth rate, individual company's strategy choice (market orientation, generic strategy, growth strategy, pioneer strategy), industry/market environment, and firm age is investigated with a quantitative approach. Through conducting the study, it aims to provide a reference to the 'Hyper-Growing Model' that combines the paths and factors of growth strategies. For policymakers, our study intends to provide a reference to which factors or environmental variables should be considered for 'optimal effective combinations' to promote firms' growth.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.67-77
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• 2002

Air traffic increased 12% annually in Korea since 1988 after the Olympics, this rate is two times than the rate of the world average. In order to accommodate fast growing aviation demand, Incheon International Airport is operated at Yongjong Island since March, 2001. The Incheon airport project will continue till 2020. After the final phase in 2020, Incheon International Airport will handle 100 million passengers, 530,000 flights and 7 million tons of cargo annually. In this study, air pollution from aircraft and other sources are calculated and assessed in Incheon International Airport area by EDMS(Emission and Dispersion Modeling System), which is a combined emission and dispersion model for airport. EDMS could also be considered power plant, incinerator and aircraft support equipment such as ground support equipment, aerospace ground equipment, auxiliary power units. And EDMS is recommended as preferred model for air quality assessment of the airport area by U.S. EP A. The result of this study shows that NOx emission from aircraft and support utility is estimated as 27,000 - 35,000 ton/yr and Namdong-Gu area in Incheon city is affected as 30-60 ppb by the NOx emission from these sources in 2020, the final phase of Incheon international airport construction.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2013.01a
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• pp.36-41
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• 2013

With the increased interest in green buildings, the building industry has been experiencing a fast-growing demand for LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) certification for the last decade. Still, it is not unusual to see various barriers and issues during its implementation, and experience tells that they can result in harming the overall project performance with reworks, lower productivity, schedule delays, and cost overruns. In order to better understand the industry's observation on issues and their consequences during LEED implementation, we distributed an online survey, and a total of 53 responses were received. The survey results indicate that (1) both designers and non-designers (e.g., contractors) select 'added costs to design and construction' as the biggest barrier; (2) both designers and non-designers select 'decision made too late in the design process' as the most frequently observed issue; and (3) non-designers indicate higher perceived severity in every consequence criteria than designers. The statistical analyses reveal that cost overruns are the most severe impact observed and have a statistically significant relationship with responses in regard to the barrier to LEED implementation.