• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.63 no.4
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• pp.778-789
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• 2021

The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of dietary glucose oxidase (GOx) supplementation on the reproductive performance, litter performance, total tract digestibility, and blood profile of lactating sows fed corn- wheat-based diet. A total of twenty multiparous sows (Landrace × Yorkshire) were allocated into one of four treatments with five replicates per treatment. The dietary treatments were as follows: CON (Basal diet), GO1 (basal diet + 200 U GOx/kg), GO2 (basal diet + 300 U GOx/kg), GO3 (basal diet + 400 U Gox/kg). Dietary GOx supplementation did not affect lactating sow's reproduction performance as well as body weight, backfat thickness, and body condition score during pre and post farrowing, and at weaning (p > 0.05). However, after farrowing to weaning period lactating sow's fed GOx supplement has linearly (p = 0.0196) decreased the bodyweight loss. While, there were no effects (p > 0.05) observed on sows backfat thickness loss, average daily feed intake, and estrus interval among treatment groups. Dietary supplementation of GOx has linearly improved the body weight gain (p = 0.049) and average daily gain (p = 0.040) of suckling piglets. The total tract digestibility of dry matter and nitrogen was linearly increased with the graded level of GOx supplement. Also, a linear effect was observed on the glucose and superoxide dismutase of blood profile with the dietary inclusion of GOx. In summary, our finding indicates that the dietary inclusion of GOx supplement with corn- wheat-based diet had a beneficial effect on the nutrient digestibility and blood profile of lactating sows and improved the growth performance of suckling piglets.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.333-335
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• 1999

This study was carried out to find out the effect on fertilizing capacity according to sperm concentration of liquid boar semen. Four different doses with various motile sperm cells of 3.0$\times$10$^{9}$ , 2.5$\times$10$^{9}$ , 2.0$\times$10$^{9}$ , and $1.5\times$10$^{9}$ per 80$m\ell$ plastic bottle were inseminated twice 12 h interval after standing estrus in 6,818 sows. Farrowing rate and total piglets per litter were 82.2% and 10.9, respectively, with no significant differences among the other treatments. The presumption of optimal concentration of motile sperm cells in the liquid boar semen was best at 2.0~2.3$\times$10$^{9}$ per dose.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.36 no.12
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• pp.1785-1795
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• 2023

Objective: This study was to estimate heritabilities, additive genetic correlations, and phenotypic correlations between number of piglets born alive (NBA), litter birth weight (LTBW), number of piglets weaned (NPW) and litter weaning weight (LTWW) in different parities of Landrace (L), Yorkshire (Y), Landrace×Yorkshire (LY), and Yorkshire×Landrace (YL) sows in a commercial swine operation in Northern Thailand. Methods: Two models were utilized, a single trait repeatability model (RM) and a multiple trait animal model (MTM). The RM assumed reproductive records from different parities to be repeated values of the same trait, whereas the MTM assumed these records to be different traits. The two models accounted for the fixed effects of farrowing year-season, genetic group of the sow, heterosis, and age at first farrowing, and the random effects of sow, boar, and residual. Results: Heritability estimates from RM were 0.02±0.01 for NBA, 0.10±0.01 for LTBW, 0.04±0.01 for NPW, and 0.11±0.01 for LTWW. Heritability estimates from MTM fluctuated across parities, ranging from 0.04±0.01 in parity 2 to 0.09±0.02 in parity 4 for NBA, 0.07±0.02 in parity 2 to 0.16±0.02 in parity 3 for LTBW, 0.04±0.02 in parity 4 to 0.08±0.01 in parity 1 for NPW, and 0.16±0.02 in parity 1 to 0.20±0.02 in parity 2 for LTWW. Additive genetic correlation estimates from MTM were also variable, ranging from 0.29±0.24 between NBA in parity 1 and NBA in parity 2 to 0.99±0.05 between LTWW in parity 3 and LTWW in parity 4. Conclusion: The findings of this study highlight the advantage of using MTM for the genetic improvement of reproductive traits in swine and contribute to the development of sustainable swine breeding programs in Thailand.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.28 no.8
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• pp.1150-1154
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• 2015

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of palm kernel expellers on productive performance, nutrient digestibility, and changes in white blood cells (WBC) of lactating sows. A total of 14 sows ($200{\pm}12kg$ of average body weight [BW]; 2.5 of average parity) were used and moved from gestation room to farrowing room on d 109 of gestation. Sows were randomly assigned to 2 dietary treatments in a completely randomized design. The treatments were a diet based on corn and soybean meal (CON) and CON added with 20% of palm kernel expellers (PKE). Sows were fed the treatments for 28 days (weaning) after farrowing. Blood was collected from each sow and 4 randomly selected piglets from each sow before farrowing or on d 3, 7, or 14 of lactation. Sows were fed respective treatments containing 0.2% chromic oxide from d 15 to 21 of lactation. Fecal samples were collected daily for the last 3 days after the 4-d adjustment period. Measurements were performances and WBC changes of sows and litter, nutrient digestibility of sows, and daily diarrhea of litter. Sows fed PKE had greater average daily feed intake (7.38 vs 7.10 kg/d; p<0.05) and lost less BW (-6.85 vs -8.54 kg; p<0.05) and backfat depth (-0.42 vs -0.71 mm; p<0.05) than those fed CON. However, there were no differences on digestibility of dry matter, nitrogen, and energy and weaning to estrus interval of sows fed either CON or PKE. Piglets from sows fed PKE gained more BW (203 vs 181 g/d; p = 0.08) and had less frequency of diarrhea (6.80 vs 8.56%; p = 0.07) than those from sows fed CON. On the other hand, no difference was found on preweaning mortality of piglets from sows fed either CON or PKE. Sows fed PKE had lower number of WBC (9.57 vs $11.82{\times}10^3/{\mu}L$; p = 0.09) before farrowing than those fed CON, but no difference on d 3 and 7. Similarly, piglets from sows fed PKE had also lower number of WBC (7.86 vs $9.80{\times}10^3/{\mu}L$; p<0.05) on d 14 of lactation than those from sows fed CON, but no difference on d 3 and 7. In conclusion, addition of 20% palm kernel expellers to lactation diet based on corn and soybean meal had no negative effects on productive performance, nutrient digestibility, and WBC changes of lactating sows.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.205-215
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• 2010

Geothermal heat pump system (GHPS) is an energy-efficient technology that use the relatively constant and renewable energy stored in the earth to provide heating and cooling. With the aim of using GHPS as a heating source, it's possibilities of application in farrowing house were examined by measuring environmental assessment and sow's performance. A total of 96 sows were assigned to 2 pig housings (GHPS and conventional housing) with 48 for four weeks in winter season. During the experimental period, indoor maximum temperature in GHPS-housing was measured up to $26.7^{\circ}C$, average temperature could maintain $21.2^{\circ}C$. The mean value of dust levels and $CO_2$, $NH_3$ and $H_2S$ gas emissions were decreased in GHPS-housing compare with those of conventional housing. Litter size, birth weight, parity and weaning weight did not differ between housings. However, feed intake of sow in GHPS-housing was lower than that of conventional housing. In energy consumption for heating, electric power consumption increased in GHPS-housing than the conventional housing, a 2,250 kwh increase, whereas there is no fuel usage for heater in GHPS-housing. Amount of ground water circulated for heating in cold weather for earth heat exchanger was 8.4-12.9 ton per day. In conclusion, GHPS may have environmental benefits and effectiveness of heating in farrowing housing and affect the performance in sows.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2002.06a
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• pp.27-27
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• 2002

본 연구는 돼지 인공수정 시 1 회 주입하는 정자농도가 번식성적에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 활력이 70%이상인 정자수 기준으로 80㎖ 병당 30.0×10/sup 8/80㎖, 25.0, 20.0, 17.5, 15.0, 12.5, 10.0 및 7.5로 농도를 각각 조절하여 12시간 간격으로 2회 인공수정하고 분만율 및 산자수를 조사하였다. 본 실험에 사용된 액상정액은 축산기술연구소 돼지 인공수정 센타의 종모돈중 통일품종 정액을 BTS(Beltsville thawing solution) 보존액으로 혼합하여 5개 농장의 암돼지에 인공수정 하였으며, 정자농도는 광전비색계(Spectronic-20, USA)를 이용하여 측정하였다. 분만율은 72.3%-89.3%로 농도별로 통계적인 유의차는 인정되지 않았다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2002.06a
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• pp.28-28
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• 2002

본 연구는 종부형태가 이유한 암돼지의 번식성적에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 이유후 4-6 일경에 자연발정이 발현되어 수정적기라고 판단되는 암돼지에 12시간 간격으로 각각 자연종부 2회, 인공수정 2회 및 혼합교배(자연종부 l회＋인공수정 1회)의 형태로 나누어 종부하고 분만율과 산자수를 조사하였다. 분만율은 자연종부 78.5%, 인공수정 76.3% 및 혼합교배 76.0%로 나타나 종부형태간에 유의적인 차이가 없었으나 총산자수는 자연교배 9.89 두와 인공수정 10.04 두의 단독 종부 형태 보다 혼합종부형태가 10.26두로 높게 나타났다(P<0.01). (중략)

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.171-174
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• 1999

This study was conducted to investigate the quantity and characteristics of manure and urine produced by lactating sow fed commercial diet for 24 days. 3 way cross bred 10 lactating sows with litters were alloted at farrowing pen. Crude protein and digestible energy were 14% and 3,467 kcal in diet, respectively. Average body weight of sow was 237.5kg. Feces with urine was produced 6.98kg per day by lactating sow ranging from 5.72 to 7.93kg. Manure solid was produced 2.75 kg per day ranging from 2.17 to 3.87kg and urine 4.23kg per day ranging from 3.55 to 4.06kg, respectively. Dry matter of feces and urine were 29.91 and 1.54%, respectively. Nitrogen and phosphorus contents in fresh feces were 0.86 and 0.30%, respectively. Nitrogen content in urine was 0.86, and phosphorus in urine was 0.47%. pH in manure was 6.73 and in urine was 8.38 respectively. Biochemical oxygen demand and suspended solid in urine were 5,196 and 308mg/$\ell$, respectively.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.64 no.6
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• pp.1259-1260
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• 2022

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.89-96
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• 2007

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of parity and postpartum day on the behavior of nursing sows and their suckling piglets. Total 36 Landrace or Yorkshire sows(range of parity: 1 to 8) and their litters(range of litter size: 11 to 13 piglets) were assigned with sow's parity($1{\sim}2,\;3{\sim}4$ and 5 or more) and sow's postpartum days(day 1, 7, 14 and 21). The sows were housed in farrowing crates($0.6{\times}2.1m$) located in pens($2.4{\times}1.8m$) with totally perforated flooring. The sows and piglets were conventionally managed. The sows and their piglets behaviors were recorded during the 24 hour period at 1, 7, 14 and 21 days of postpartum. The obtained results from this study were as follows; 1. All the nursing sows in both group made attempts for lateral tying more than for other behaviors for whole days. The order of behavioral frequency at 1 and 3 weeks postpartum according the days of postpartum of sows was lateral tying, ventral lying, standing, sitting, feeding and drinking. The nursing sows at day 1 postpartum spent more time on sitting and standing than the sows at day 7 or more postpartum. 2. The parity of sows did not affected the lateral tying and sitting behavior of nursing sows, however the ventral tying are lowed in $1{\sim}2$ parity of sow group than the other parity group. Standing, feeding and drinking behavior of sows was not showed at any trends according to the sow's parity. 3. In the behaviors of suckling piglets, lying was increased and unsuccessful suckling was decreased until 21 days postpartum. Compared to the 7, 14 and 21 day postpartum, piglets at the 1 day postpartum spent less time for lying and walking, whereas they spent much more time for unsuccessful suckling. 4. According th the sow's parity, their piglets tying and unsuccessful suckling was lowed in $1{\sim}2$ parity sow group, however more than 3 parity sow's piglets behavior are not affected.