• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.139-146
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• 2009

본 연구는 충남 보령시에 위치하고 있는 총 15개 양돈농장 10,394 복의 번식모돈을 대상으로 2007년 4월부터 2008년 3월(1년간)까지 전산경영기록 자료 중 번식능력과 이유성적을 조사 분석하여 양돈농가의 생산성향상을 위한 번식모든의 경영지표 설정에 필요한 기초적 자료를 얻고자 실시하였는데, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 평균 상시 모돈수는 314.10두로 가족노동 경영규모보다는 비교적 컸다. 계절간의 상시 모든 사육두수는 유의한 차이가 없이 비슷한 수준으로 사육하고 있었다. 평균 분만률은 78.77%로 보통 수준으로 조사되었다. 계절간 분만률은 유의한 차이 (p<0.05)가 있었는데, 여름 분만률이 가장 높고 겨울은 가 장 낮았다. 2. 평균 복당 산자수는 11.04두로 비교적 양호하였다. 계절간에는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없으나 여름 산자수는 다소 높고, 겨울에는 낮은 경향을 보였다. 그리고 포유개시두수는 평균 10.22로 조사되었으며, 계절간에는 유의한 차이가 없이 서로 비슷한 성적을 보였다. 3. 평균 이유두수는 9.23두로 다소 낮은 성적이었다. 계절별로는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없이 서로 비슷한 경향을 보였다 평균 이유 일령은 25.77일로 보통 수준으로 나타났다. 계절간의 이유 일령은 유의한 차이는 없으나 겨울에는 26.25일로 다소 이유 일령이 긴 경향을 보였다. 그리고 이유 자돈의 육성률은 91.48%로 다소 낮은 성적으로 조사되었다. 계절간 간에는 유의한 차이(p<0.05)를 보였는데, 역시 겨울에 89.22%의 육성률로 낮은 결과를 가져왔다. 4. 평균 모들 회전율은 2.25회로 보통수준으로 조사되었다. 계절간에는 유의한 차이는 없이 서로 비슷한 평균치를 나타났다. 연간 자돈생산 두수는 평균 20.75두로 비교적 낮은 성적을 보였다. 계절간에는 유의성 있는 차이 (p<0.05)가 있었는데, 봄과 여름보다는 가을과 겨울 두수가 저조하였다. 그리고 출하체중은 평균 110.46kg으로 나타났으나 계절간에는 유의한 차이가 없이 겨울 출하체중은 다소 가벼운 경향을 보였다.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2002

돼지 인공수정센터에서 사육중인 인공수정용 종모돈을 이용하여 1995년부터 2000년까지 보존액 종류, 보존온도 및 보존기간에 따른 정액성상 변화와 번식성적을 조사하여 돼지 인공수정시 번식성적 향상과 실용화에 기여코자 본 연구를 실시하였다. 1. 돼지 액상정액의 보존액 종류에 따른 보존기간별 활력은 Androhep 보존액은 3일째부터, BTS 및 Modena는 5일째부터 현저하게 감소하는 경향을 보였고 (P＜0.05), pH변화는 6.24~7.06 범위에서 변이가 심하게 관찰되었으며 Androhep 보존액이 산도가 낮은 경향을 보였으나 전반적으로 규칙 적 인 경향을 나타내었다. 보존액 종류별 보존기간에 따른 분만율은 BTS, Modena 및 Androhep 보존액 모두 5일 보존까지 차이가 없었다. 보존액별 분만율은 Androhep 보존액이 BTS 보존액과는 차이가 없었으나 1일 보존과 5일 보존에서 Modena보존액 보다 우수하였다 (P＜0.05). 산자수는 보존 기간별 보존액간에 차이는 없었으나 Androhep 보존액은 3일 보존부터 산자수가 유의적으로 감소하였다 (P＜0.05). 2. 보존온도에 따른 액상정액의 운동성과 정상첨체 비율에서 17$^{\circ}C$ 보존정액의 운동성은 3일째부터, 정상 첨체율은 4일째부터 감소하였으나 5$^{\circ}C$ 보존정액은 4일 보존까지 정액성상의 변화가 크지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 17$^{\circ}C$에 보존한 액상정액이 5$^{\circ}C$에 보존한 것보다 분만율은 현저히 높았으나 산자수는 비슷한 경향을 보였고, 분만율은 보존 2일째부터 산자수는 3일째부터 감소하였다. 5$^{\circ}C$ 보존정액은 4일까지 분만율에 큰 변화가 없었으나 산자수는 다소 감소하는 경향을 보였다.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.22-25
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• 1987

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of imported pellet frozen semen on sperm motility and NAR acrosomes after thawing, and the farrowing rates, litter sizes and preweaning body weights after artificial insemination. A total of 28 sows of Landrace, Large White and Duroc were inseminated at the Chungnam Provincial Animal Breeding Station. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Landrace andLarge White had higher sperm motility than Duroc by about 20% and had higher NAR acrosomes by about 10%. 2. The farrowing rates of Landrace, Large White and Duroc were 63.6, 55.6 adn 50.0%, respectively. The number of pigs born alive per litter were larger in Landrace and Large White as compared with Duroc (p<.01). 3. Duroc had the highest mean pig weight at birth, followed by Landrace and Large White (p<.01). The mean pig weights at 21 days and 56 days had no significant differences between the breeds.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.81-83
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• 1996

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of sperm concentration of 5ml maxi-straw on farrowing rate and number of pigs born alive per litter in deep frozen boar semen. We did not find out the effect of sperm concentration on post-thaw sperm motility and NAR acrosome. However, farrowing rate and number of pigs born alive per litter of 7. 5 x 10˚ /5ml and 10.0 x 10˚ /5m1 sperm concentrations were higher than those of 5. 0 /10˚ /5ml sperm concentration.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.187-190
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• 2009

Cryptosporidium spp. were detected in 17 of 135 swine lagoon samples from five farms by 18S ribosomal DNA locus and PCR. Seventeen positive samples identified were included two distinctive genotypes C. suis and Cryptosporidium sp. based on a small-subunit rRNA gene-based PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Cryptosporidium spp. were detected out of farrowing, farrowing and nursery (mix), and finishing. Prevalence rate was 12.6% with infection rates between 3.7 and 18.5%. We concluded that Cryptosporidium oocysts can persist in treated lagoon and potentially contaminate surface water through improper discharge. This study was undertaken for the evaluation of the infection status of the genotypes of Cryptosporidium spp. in swine lagoon.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.902-906
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• 2017

Objective: This study was conducted to characterize the behaviors and the body weight of suckling piglets in different social environments. Methods: Two groups of sows and suckling piglets housed either in individual farrowing crates in separate pens ($1.8{\times}2.4m$, the control group) or in groups of three sows with their piglets in farrowing crates in a large common enclosure ($5.4{\times}2.2m$, the treatment group) were observed with the aid of video technology for 9 consecutive hours on days 1, 2, and 3, after mixing. Results: Suckling, agonistic, and elimination behaviors of suckling piglets were significantly higher in the control group than in the treatment group. Inactive behavior was higher in the treatment group than in the control group. Most of the effects of the social environment on the suckling piglets seem to be the result of large reductions in behaviors and body weight for piglets switching from high activity to low activity. Moreover, suckling behavior and birth body weight were highly correlated with body weight at the end of the test. Conclusion: The social environment that resulted from mixing, thus, had significant effects on the behavior and body weight of suckling piglets, and behavioral characteristics, therefore, should be considered when making improvements to the husbandry and care methods used in swine production.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.742-747
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• 2019

Objective: A concentration of airborne bacteria generated from swine houses is recognized to be relatively higher than other work places and it is essential to optimally manage it to prevent farmers' respiratory diseases. This study was conducted to assess the distribution characteristics of airborne bacteria in swine houses located at South Korea. Methods: A total 27 pig buildings of the enclosed type operated with mechanical ventilation system by a side wall fan and deep-pit manure system with slats were surveyed. Air samples were collected at 1.0 m above the middle floor in pig housing room. A six-stage viable particulate cascade impactor was used to identify the distribution of the sizes of particles in diameter. Results: Seasonal mean levels of airborne bacteria in the housing rooms of gestation/farrowing pigs, nursery pigs and growing/fattening pigs were 3,428(${\pm}1,244$) colony forming unit $(cfu)/m^3$, $8,325({\pm}3,209)cfu/m$, and $13,254({\pm}6,108)cfu/m^3$ for spring; $9,824({\pm}2,157)cfu/m^3$, $18,254({\pm}5,166)cfu/m^3$, and $24,088({\pm}9,274)cfu/m^3$ for summer; $1,707({\pm}957)cfu/m^3$, $4,258({\pm}1,438)cfu/m^3$, and $8,254({\pm}2,416)cfu/m^3$ for autumn; and $2,322({\pm}1,352)cfu/m^3$, $6,124({\pm}1,527)cfu/m^3$ and $12,470({\pm}4,869)cfu/m^3$ for winter, respectively. Conclusion: Concentrations of airborne bacteria according to pig housing type were highest in growing/fattening housing room followed by nursery housing room and gestation/farrowing housing room. In terms of seasonal aspect, the pig building showed the highest levels of airborne bacteria in summer followed by spring, winter and autumn. The respirable airborne bacteria which are ranged between 0.6 and $4.7{\mu}m$ accounted for approximately 60% compared to total airborne bacteria regardless of pig housing type.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제61권5호
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• pp.285-293
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• 2019

The objective of this study was to verify the best mating age of gilts at the first parity. Gilts (n = 86) were divided into nine groups in a factorial arrangement with three Ages (AG1, ${\leq}220d$; AG2, 220 to 240 d; AG3, $240{\leq}d$), and three weights (WT1 ${\leq}140kg$; WT2, 140 to 149 kg; WT3, $150{\leq}kg$). A higher body weight gain in AG2 sows during gestation. Sows in AG2 group showed a higher body weight gain at first parity and backfat gain in the parity 2 and 3 during gestation. A greater insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) was observed in AG1 sows compared with AG3 sows at weaning in the second parity. Sows in WT1 group showed a significant positive effect on the plasma IGF-1 at breeding and weaning time in parity 2. Sows in AG3 group showed a higher plasma leptin at breeding, farrowing, and weaning in the parity 1, and at farrowing in parity 2. Sows in WT3 group showed a higher plasma leptin at breeding, farrowing, and weaning in the parities 1 and 2. Considering the insignificant longevity results, the most efficient time for gilts insemination can be at 220 d when their body weight is 140 kg or lower.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제63권1호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2021

As a result of intensive breeding, litter size has considerably increased in pig production over the last three decades. This has resulted in an increase in farrowing complications. Prolonged farrowing will shorten the window for suckling colostrum and reduce the chances for high-quality colostrum intake. Studies also agree that increasing litter sizes concomitantly resulted in decreased piglet birth weight and increased within-litter birth weight variations. Birth weight, however, is one of the critical factors affecting the prognosis of colostrum intake, and piglet growth, welfare, and survival. Litters of uneven birth weight distribution will suffer and lead to increased piglet mortality before weaning. The proper management is key to handle the situation. Feeding strategies before farrowing, management routines during parturition (e.g., drying and moving piglets to the udder and cross-fostering) and feeding an energy source to piglets after birth may be beneficial management tools with large litters. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)-driven recovery from energy losses during lactation appears critical for supporting follicle development, the viability of oocytes and embryos, and, eventually, litter uniformity. This paper explores certain management routines for neonatal piglets that can lead to the optimization of their colostrum intake and thereby their survival in large litters. In addition, this paper reviews the evidence concerning nutritional factors, particularly lactation feeding that may reduce the loss of sow body reserves, affecting the growth of the next oocyte generation. In conclusion, decreasing birth weight and compromised immunity are subjects warranting investigation in the search for novel management tools. Furthermore, to increase litter uniformity, more focus should be placed on nutritional factors that affect IGF-1-driven follicle development before ovulation.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제32권11호
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• pp.1454-1461
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• 2022

Palm kernel expeller (PKE), a by-product of palm oil extraction, contains higher amounts of fiber than corn and soybean meal, but offers low energy density, protein value, and amino acid (AA) composition, limiting its use for swine. Recently however, it was reported that dietary fiber has a positive effect on the gut microbiota of the host, and therefore it is necessary to study the effect of PKE feeding on the intestinal microbiota of swine. In this study, we investigated the effects of supplementation with PKE in lactation diets on the gut microbiota composition of lactating sows and their litters. A total of 12 sows were randomly assigned to two dietary treatment groups in a completely randomized design. The treatments were a diet based on corn-soybean meal (CON) and CON supplemented with 20% of PKE. Sow and piglet fecal samples were collected before farrowing, on days 7 and 28 (weaning) after farrowing, and on days 7 and 28 (weaning) after farrowing, respectively, to verify gut microbiota composition by pyrosequencing analysis. The beta-diversity result showed a significant difference only in weaning-stage piglets, but dietary PKE altered the gut microbiota in sows by increasing the abundance of Lactobacillus compared with CON. In piglets, dietary PKE decreased the abundance of opportunistic pathogen Proteus and increased the abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria, such as Prevotellaceae and Prevotella. Our results can be helpful in developing feeding strategies and support the beneficial effects of dietary PKE to improve the gut health of animals.