• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.254-259
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• 2006

Bacillus spp. isolated from mushroom medium wastes were evaluated for their biocontrol potentials on control of Sclerotinia rot of lettuce. The Bacillus isolates were more effectively obtained from waste suspension when directly added into nutrient agar(NA) medium than plating on the agar medium. Totally 42 isolates obtained from the wastes B23 and B42 showed highest antifungal activity against eight fungal pathogens such as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Rhizoctonia solani, Pythium ultimum, Phytophthora capsici, Fusarium oxysporum, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Cladosporium cucumerinum, and Botrytis cinerea and B23 and B42 were finally selected for further studies. Optimal concentration of the isolates was $10ml(10^7cfu/ml)$ to suppress the Sclerotinia rot of lettuce. Supplements such as starch, glycerol, and egg-yolk successfully maintained the bacterial population for 30 days in vitro and increased bio-control potentials against the disease. The bacterial isolate B23 alone showed 72% control value, furthermore it presented 95% control value when supplemented with 0.2% of starch, glycerol, and egg-yolk. The promising Bacillus isolates B23 and B42 were identified as Brevibacillus brevis and Bacillus stearothermophillus, respectively, based on morphological and physiological characteristics according to API database.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.234-241
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• 2000

Organic farming (OF) is regarded as alternative farming types against general farming system for sustainable agriculture, recently. However, there is little information on effects of OF on soil properties and watershed condition. In order to determine the effects of OF on soil properties, 36, 10 and 8 sites of organic farming (OF) fields of plastic film houses, paddy and orchard were selected in the national scale, respectively, to evaluate their chemical properties and phosphorus distributing characteristics. The average organic matter (OM) contents in organic farming fields were with $44g\;kg^{-1}$ in plastic film houses, $26g\;kg^{-1}$ in paddies and $39g\;kg^{-1}$ in orchard soils higher than the average OM contents in conventional farming (CF) soils. Available phosphates were accumulated to 986 in plastic film house soils and $754mg\;kg^{-1}$ in orchard soils, respectively, over the optimum range. Furthermore, total P (T-P) reached to $2.973mg\;kg^{-1}$ in plastic film houses and $2303mg\;kg^{-1}$ in orchards in OF soils. It could be attained by applying repeatedly low N/P ratio of manure-based compost. In two types of soils inorganic P was dominant with the ratio of 62~80% of T-P, and then residual and organic Ps followed. However. residual-P was dominant in paddy soils with the rate of 50% of T-P. Fractionation of soil extractable P showed that Ca-P was dominant with about $1,330mg\;kg^{-1}$ in upland soils in OF fields, which is affected by high soil pH of over 6.0. However. Fe-P of extractable P was dominant in paddy soils. Water-soluble P was very high with 65 and $26mg\;kg^{-1}$ in plastic film house and orchard soils in OF. From this results. OF regarded as an environment-friendly farming system may cause serious soil deterioration by accumulated phosphorus and may also cause water pollution.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.243-249
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• 2010

Molecular farming is production of pharmaceutically and industrially important proteins in plants. Plants and plant cell culture systems have been used as bio-factory to produce recombinant proteins such as monoclonal antibodies, enzymes, vaccines, hormones, interleukins, commercial enzymes and etc. The terms molecular farming, biofarming, molecular pharming, phytomanufacturing, recombinant or plant-made industrials, planta-pharma, plant bioreactors, plant biofactory, and pharmaceutical gardening are used interchangeably. Molecular farming can provide safe and inexpensive pharmaceutical proteins as well as commercial ones. In spite of several advantages of molecular farming such as safety and inexpensive cost, there are also a couple of drawbacks in the existing technology. One of them is low expression level of target gene in plants, which has been improved by optimizing gene-based codon usage, screening of strong promoters, expression of transcription factors, subcellular targeting of target proteins, chloroplast transformation, and transient expression using viral expression system (magnifection). Some plant-based commercial proteins have already been in markets and more than twenty plant-based pharmaceuticals have been in clinical trials, from that we can expect that several plant-based pharmaceutical proteins will be seen in the markets in the near future.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.267-276
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• 2011

There is a growing worldwide interest in the potential of marine biomass as an environmentally friendly and economically sustainable resource. Due to the great lack of comprehensive information about domestic seaweed resources, this study aimed to analyze the existing literature on the production and types of domestic seaweed species. Based on this data the possibilities of industrial use of domestic seaweed for the production of biofuels and bioplastics had been assessed. Our review took into account the seaweed species on domestic coasts as well as the species currently in great production via seaweed farming. Due to their wide distribution, their status as farmed crops, and the likelihood of securing their reliable supply, Codium fragile, Hizikia fuciformis, and Gelidium amansii were deemed to be the most appropriate candidates for domestic industrial use. The industrial potential of seaweed biomass was also explored by comparing the predicted amount of biomass necessary to replace current gasoline and plastics use with currently available farming space. The results of our study imply that once a steady and adequate supply of the proper kinds of seaweed can be secured through seaweed farming, there is a great potential for the development of new seaweed-based biofuels and bioplastics industries in Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 1993.10a
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• pp.591-600
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• 1993

Considerable controversy exists about the trend of animal traction effects on crop production in dryland farming systems in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This problem arises on account of the failure of the few available empirical studies to recognise the important of technological experience of the individual adopting farmers. This study hence addresses this issue by examining the effects of experience in animal traction technology (ATT) on farm size, cropping emphasis, total crop output and farm productivity. It is based on farm management survey data on 42 small holder farm households fro Ghana. Thirty of these households used animal traction technology (ATT) fro crop cultivation and the rest, mainly hand-hoe. The animal traction sub-sample is classified into three groups according to farmers' years of experience with the technology , thus , those with 1-2, 3-10, and more than 10. Evidence from the study shows that the progression of years of experience with ATT leads to inten ification of labour and land use systems, enhancement of degree of motivation to enter into the market economy, increases in total crop output and farm productivity resulting for decreases in cultivated acreages. The implication of the findings is that institutioal and technical support that do accompany the introduction of such technologies should be structured to last for a relatively longer period to accomodate the learning process.

• Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.481-484
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• 2006

This research compares oyster farming in Gamak Bay which Hiroshima Bay which has nearly similar marine environments. The marine environment of these two waters has similar variations of air temperature, sea surface temperature, precipitation and salinity. However Hiroshima Bay is higher than Gamak Bay in the sea surface temperature and Hiroshima Bay is also higher than Gamak Bay in the salinity. Their oyster farming method is basically similar but it is different in their facilities. We need to take some measures against high mortalities, and in addition, to enhance the rate of seed collection.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.423-428
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• 2003

Multifunctionality of agriculture which cannot be in trade has internationally an important issue due to its environmental and public benefits. The purpose of this study was to estimate economic value of upland farming in cooling effect during hot summer. Economic value of cooling effect was evaluated by the replacement cost method. To evaluate the cooling effect from July through August, the amount of evapotranspiration in upland was estimated using crop coefficients and soil water coefficients perviously reported by several researchers. In July and August, average crop coefficient of fourteen major upland crops was 1.19 and average soil water coefficient of major textures of upland soil was 0.91. The estimated evapotranspiration in upland from July through August was $1,224{\times}10^6Mg$, and this amount of evapotranspiration can consume $7.1{\times}10^{14}kcal$ of heat. When these values were converted to the price of petroleum, the economic value of cooling effect by upland farming from July through August was about 12 trillion won.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.48 no.7
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• pp.65-72
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• 2006

Event mean concentration (EMC) of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) is primary information for non-point source pollution assessment of a watershed. The EMCs for various types of agriculture such as dairy and crop farming under different climate and geologic conditions are not fully investigated. A diary- and cropfarming complex agricultural watershed in Piedmont region in Maryland, USA has been monitored for 10 years as a section 319 national monitoring program of US EPA. Dairy manure was the main source of fertilizer for crop farming in this watershed. Observed mean concentrations of N and P for each event were analyzed. Distribution of EMCs for N and P showed a wide range of variations. Representative EMCs of T-N and $NO_{3}-N$ tended to be higher than those reported for other agricultural watersheds. This study confirmed that site-specific EMC information for various agricultural practices is required for better assessment of non-point source pollution using EMC method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2024.01a
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• pp.437-438
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• 2024

인구가 감소하고 있는 농어촌의 지역경제를 살림과 동시에 지역 소멸을 예방하고, 정착 지역 탐색에 많은 시간을 할애하는 귀농희망자들을 위해 도움을 줄 수 있는 데이터베이스를 설계하고 구축하였다. 사용자는 이 데이터베이스를 활용하여 사용자가 원하는 조건에 맞는 상위 5개 지역을 추천받을 수 있다. 정부와 기업이 귀농 지역 추천 데이터베이스를 활용하여 귀농을 희망하는 사람들의 행태를 알아보면 농촌 지역과 지방 소도시 지역 개발 및 활성화를 긍정적으로 예상할 수 있고, 이러한 관심이 결과적으로는 우리나라의 국토 균형발전에 큰 도움이 될 것이다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.254-263
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• 2020

This study developed indexes of farmers' acceptance factors for new farming technologies and evaluated the importance of the developed. For this study, farming technologies were classified according to the criteria established by the Rural Development Administration, and the Delphi technique was applied to evaluate the importance of the indexes. The indexes were composed of two tiers and evaluated by the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Results showed that the importance of the first tier was finance and profitability with 43.9%, technology affairs 23.6%, labor environments 22.4%, and related industries and service system 10.1%. The importance of the second tier was the ease of technology acceptance 64.9% and technology completion 35.1% for technology affairs in the first tier, labor intensity 53.7%, work hazard 26.7%, working hours 19.6% for labor environment, farm income increment 69.9% and new fund required 30.1% for finance and profitability, and training and service system 66.7% and activation of related industries 33.7% for related industry and service system. This study may contribute to farmers' acceptance of new farming technologies and increase the efficiency and effectiveness of agricultural research and extension activities by the Rural Development Administration.