• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.197-208
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• 2014

Zircon separated from a biotite schist of the Guryong Group in Odesan area, eastern part of the Gyeonggi Massif in Korea were analysed for SHRIMP U-Pb ages. CL images display composite core-rim structures of the zircon, indicating an in-situ overgrowth of zircon through a high-grade metamorphism. The metamorphic zircon rims give a weighted mean age of $247{\pm}6Ma$. While the detrital zircon cores have zoning patterns and Th/U ratios indicative of a magmatic origin. Among 53 analyses from the cores, 46 data yield near concordant ages which are concentrated at $378{\pm}10Ma$ (n=9), $420{\pm}4Ma$ (n=6) and $1845{\pm}9Ma$ (n=18) with sporadic Neoproterozoic ($687{\pm}9Ma$) to late Archean ($2519{\pm}20Ma$) ages. The age data constraint sedimentation age of protolith of the Guryong Group, so far unknown, as late Paleozoic. The Guryong Group of this study is the first late Paleozoic strata reported from eastern Gyeonggi Massif, and its maximum depositional age (ca 378 Ma) is identical with those of the late Paleozoic strata in the southwestern Ogcheon Belt. The Triassic metamorphic age and abundant middle Paleozoic provenance (361~425 Ma) of the Guryong Group are similar with those reported from the Triassic collisional belt in central China. Thus this study indicates that the Odesan area would be an possible eastward extension of the Triassic collisional belt in central China.

• The Critical Review of Religion and Culture
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• no.29
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• pp.101-133
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• 2016

The term 'myth' is modern terminology. It was introduced to the East Asia from late 19th century to early 20th century. Under the rule of Japanese imperialism, some Japanese historians insisted that Dangun(檀君) has no relation with Kochoson(古朝鮮). Some Korean historians have refuted their conjecture. The arguments between Japanese and Korean historians bring about the motives of making the concept of Shinwa(神話) The purpose of this study is to investigate the historical procedures of making myth of Homogeneous Korean as a case study of "teaching religion". For the scholar the historic beginning is to be distinguished from later myths of origins. The scholars, particularly among the historians of China, Japan and Korea take it as the beginning of the history to investigate myths, for the ending parts of narratives are in themselves involved in a social constructs in order to give legitimacy to the story. It is apparent to satisfy for the current social demands of the nation-states building. It is also an act of casting and projecting their national values into the far distant past which is considered to be authentic and authorative. The western term 'myth' had been made up in Japanese historical context in order to build "nation-state concept". In Korea, the myth of homogeneous ethnicity of Koreans had been also reconstructed as modern myth during the late 19th and the early 20th century. We can call it the invention of the tradition accordingly.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.49-57
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• 2019

The core technology development of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is linked to the development of other core technologies, which will change the industrial structure in the future and create a new smart business model. In this paper, tried to analyze the technology maturity level and analyze the technology maturity. To do this, used technology trend information to investigate and integrate the market, policy, etc. Of core technology of the 4th Industrial Revolution to achieve a comprehensive maturity level. Because technology maturity measures are scored by technology developers, prejudices may be acted upon according to a person's tendency, which may be a subjective evaluation. It is also a measure of the maturity of individual technologies, and thus is not suitable for evaluating the overall system integration perspective. However, it is possible to evaluate the maturity before integrating the core element technologies constituting the whole system and to use it as a means to compare the effect of the whole system and its feasibility and play an important role in the planning of technology development.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.422-430
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• 2018

The inappropriate and widespread use of quinolones in humans and animals may cause accelerated emergence and spread of antimicrobial-resistant determinants. In this study, we investigated quinolone resistance mechanisms in a total of 65 nalidixic acid-resistant E. coli isolated from swine rectal swabs (N=40) and clinical specimens (N=25). Antimicrobial susceptibilities were determined by the disk diffusion method. PCR and DNA sequencing were performed for investigations of genes and mutations associated with quinolone resistance. In our study, 62 of 65 nalidixic acid-resistant E. coli harbored mutations in gyrA, parC, and/or parE genes; of the 65 isolates, 62 (95.4%) had mutations in the gyrA gene, 35 (53.8%) had mutations in the parC gene, 7 (10.8%) had mutations in the parE gene. The 35 isolates harbored mutations in two genes, gyrA and parC. Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) determinants were investigated in the 65 isolates. Thirteen of 65 nalidixic acid-resistant E. coli contained the qnrS gene and 10 of those isolates had mutations in the gyrA, parC, and/or parE genes. We confirmed that an important mechanism of quinolone resistance in E. coli isolated from human and swine involves chromosomal mutations in the gyrA, parC, and/or parE genes with increasing use of quinolone for treatment or additives.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.95-102
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• 2019

After liberation, several literary groups with the nature of the national culture movement joined in Japan in January 1948 to form the Korean-Japanese Joseon Literary Society. However, the Korean-Japanese Joseon Literary Society was unable to play an active role due to the suppression of the GHQ and gathered again as the Korean War Armistice Agreement was concluded in 1953. The institutional journal of the 'Korean-Japanese Joseon Literary Society' is published by changing the magazine name to "Munhakbo" in Japanese and "Joseon Literature", "Joseon Literature and Arts" in Korean. The national movement group of Korean residents in Japan and literature groups were reorganized in conjunction with the political situation in Japan and the Korean peninsula. The reunion of 'Korean-Japanese Joseon Literary Society' was also based on the appearance of 'Jochongnyeon (pro-Pyeongyang federation of Korean residents in Japan)' and 'conversion of line'. In this paper, we are to fill up the blank of the research on literature of Korean residents in Japan in the 1950s by identifying the reality of conflict between 'Jochongnyeon' and 'Mindan', meaning of 'Korean Writing' Movement as a subject of national movement and the issue of promoting self-esteem as a 'citizen of the Republic' that 'Korean-Japanese Joseon Literary Society' tried to convey to Korean readers in Japan.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.203-209
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• 2019

Special Act on Regulatory Freedom Zone and Regional Special Development Zonet" introduced a new type of 'Freedom Special Zone of Regulation' that is legally distinguished from the existing Special Districts for Regional and Regional Development to support the innovative and strategic growth of the areas, and even passed a number of legal grounds for providing innovative regulations for regional development projects or regional strategic industries within the Special Districts. Starting with the bill legislation proposed by The Parliament Members, Kim Kyung-soo on behalf of 33 suggestors, Choo Kyung-ho, Jung Sung-ho and Hong Il-pyo submitted the bill legislation on behalf of 10 to 12 proposers, respectively. As a major matter of issue, the purpose, designation, scope of application, promotion system, application of A Bill of Three kind on Regulatory Innovation, and Balanced National Development, many kind of regulation as like types of menu, special cases, punitive regulations, and so on have been argued until the end of the bill proposed from the beginning. In this study, the differences between the bill suggested by the Parliament members and bill approved already are to be compared and analyzed to confirm how the items on issue were reflected for the bill finally and to draw up measures for the correct operation of the special regulations.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.43-54
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• 2011

Recently, due to severe rainfall by the global climate change, natural disasters such as landslide had also been increased rapidly all over the world. Therefore, it has been very necessary to assess vulnerability of landslide and prepare adaptation measures to future climate change. In this study, we employed sensitivity, exposure and adaptative capacity as criteria for assessing the vulnerability of landslide due to climate change. Spatial database for the criteria was constructed using GIS technology. And vulnerability maps on the entire Korea of past and future were made based on the database. As a result, highly vulnerable area for landslide was detected in most area of Gangwon-do, the east of Gyeonggi-do, and southeast of Jeollanam-do, and the southwest of Gyeongsangnam-do. The result of landslide vulnerability depends on time shows that degree of very low class and low class were decreased and degree of moderate, high, and very high were increase from past to the future. Especially, these three classes above low class were significantly increased in the result of far future.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.86-92
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• 2019

Di-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) is an environmental contaminant that is used as a plasticizer. Endometriosis is a complex disease with an unknown etiology that is believed to be associated with exposure to DEHP. The present study examined the potential toxicity of DEHP by exposing endometrial adenocarcinoma cells (Ishikawa cells) to DEHP. In the experiments, the cells were treated with stepwise DEHP concentrations (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1, and $5{\mu}M$) for different exposure times (24, 48, and 72 h). When the relationship between the resulting survival rate of the cells and initial inflammation was examined, the cell viability, expression of $TNF-{\alpha}$, an inflammatory mediator, and the expression of MMP-9, an ECM degradation protein, were increased remarkably when the cells were exposed to $5{\mu}M$ DEHP for 48 and 72 hours. These results suggest that the exposure of Ishikawa cells to certain concentrations of DEHP, estrogen mimics, may cause time-dependent toxicity that affects the cell viability and inflammation, implying a potential role in the etiology of endometriosis. Further research on the effects of endocrine disruptors on the pathogenesis of endometriosis may reveal strategies to prevent this disease.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.477-483
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• 2018

Transcranial doppler is a non-invasive method that measures the blood flow velocity and the direction of cerebral blood vessels through the doppler principle. The pulsatility index is an index for measuring the transcranial doppler that reflects the distal vascular resistance and is used as an index for the presence and diffusion of cerebral small vessel diseases. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk factors affecting the basilar artery pulsatility index in ischemic stroke patients. From January 2014 to May 2015, 422 patients were selected by measuring the transcranial doppler pulsatility index, considering their basilar artery pulsatility index. Univariate analysis was performed using the basilar artery pulsatility index as a dependent variable. Multiple regression analysis was performed considering the factors affecting the pulsatility index as variables. Univariate analysis revealed age, presence of hypertension, presence of diabetes mellitus, presence of hyperlipidemia, and hematocrit (P<0.1) as factors. Multiple regression analysis showed statistically significant results with age (P<0.001), presence of diabetes (P=0.004), and presence of hyperlipidemia (P=0.041). The risk factors affecting the basilar artery pulsatility index of transcranial doppler were age, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. Further research will be needed to increase the cerebral pulsatility index as a surrogate marker of the elderly, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.34 no.6_3
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• pp.1351-1367
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• 2018

Image registration is an essential process for image fusion, change detection and time series analysis using multi-sensor images. For this purpose, we need to detect accurately the difference of scale and rotation between the multi-sensor images with difference spatial resolution. In this paper, we propose a new feature matching method using variable circular template for image registration between multi-resolution images. The proposed method creates a circular template at the center of a feature point in a coarse scale image and also a variable circular template in a fine scale image, respectively. After changing the scale of the variable circular template, we rotate the variable circular template by each predefined angle and compute the mutual information between the two circular templates and then find the scale, the angle of rotation and the center location of the variable circular template, respectively, in fine scale image when the mutual information between the two circular templates is maximum. The proposed method was tested using Kompsat-2, Kompsat-3 and Kompsat-3A images with different spatial resolution. The experimental results showed that the error of scale factor, the error of rotation angle and the localization error of the control point were less than 0.004, $0.3^{\circ}$ and one pixel, respectively.