• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.53 no.6
• /
• pp.131-143
• /
• 2003

This treatise deals with the profitable suit image design of middle-aged men by examining visual effects in physical design. The sample of this study is people who lives in Kwangju, the Republic of Korea and 20-50 age's men and women. And it is very variety in each population statistics factors the differences of associate design visual effect which considering the difference of sex and age group, numbers of button, a figure and material pattern. Firstly, look into the associate design visual effect by sex and button number. In men's group, the style with three buttons was the most attractive and that with two buttons was the least attractive. In 50's group, the style with two buttons was the least attractive and those with 1.3 and 4 buttons were a little attractive. Secondly, in the difference of associate design with sex and shape, men's group was considered that standard type was the most attractive shape, women's group was thought that lean and standard types were the most attractive shape. So we can know that the attractive shape is different with sex. In the difference of association design with age and shape, 20's considered that standard type was the most modernistic and fat type was the least modernistic. 30's considered that lean type was the most modernistic and 50's thought that fat type and standard type were the most modernistic. Thirdly, see the sex and material pattern. In familarity, men's group considered that stripe pattern was more familiar than checks and plain patterns. And they considered that striped pattern and plain was more manly than checks. In sex and material pattern, 20's thought that plain was the most attractive, stripe was the next, and checks was not attractive. 40's estimated that plain and stripe were more attractive than checks. 50's judged that stripe was the most attractive material. Thus. the attraction is different with ages and material patterns.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.22 no.5
• /
• pp.33-41
• /
• 2013

It is not surprising that senior centers are widely used nationwide as Korea becomes an aging society. This study attempts to figure out senior citizens' needs and evaluations of senior centers in terms of characteristics of their usage and spatial composition. A face to face interview using a questionnaire was conducted on 255 senior citizens who has been using senior centers located in Jangyu new city apartment housing complex. The questionnaire is composed of questions asking characteristics of their usage, evaluations of spatial composition, and respondents' demographic data. Findings are: First, it is found that many respondents visit senior centers everyday and spend 4 to 6 hours a day. Their main activities are meeting friends, taking hobbies, and dining. That is, senior centers play a pivotal role in daily lives of senior citizens. Such characteristics should be taken into account in space design when planning to build a future senior center; Second, it is found that senior centers play a role of auxiliary space for building their sense of belonging and familarity. It is found that furnitures in senior centers are worn out and safety measures are not sufficiently considered; Third, it is found that they highly evaluate flexible spacial composition that could be partitioned or extended depending on occasions even though they prefer independent space; Fourth, it is found that kitchen facilities are not large enough considering the fact that more that half of the respondents have their lunches in senior centers. Even though they do not cook for themselves kitchen space should be large enough for preparing meals simultaneously for a large number people.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.30 no.4D
• /
• pp.339-349
• /
• 2010

The objective of this paper is to develop a structural equations model system for the purpose of tourists' excursion behaviour analysis with their information usage. A tourist' excursion behavior defined as activities in the sightseeing region between arriving and leaving time includes indexes with respect to activity' time use and the number of spots. Additionally, such indexes can be modeled as endogenous variables in the structural equation model system on the assumption that they are influenced by the degree of familarity on the sightseeing region, the degree of information usage, and individual attributes. The case study application involves excursion behaviour data such as one-day excursion activity and information usage diary that are observed in the Fuji Five Lakes, Japan. Since the models presented in the paper are available to statistically analyze the covariance among the endogenous variables, they have the advantage of effectiveness analysis on information usage in the excursion area, compared to the prior approaches such as discrete choice models.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.583-590
• /
• 2009

For entertaining information system such as online games that value pleasures, characteristics of individuals can be very important factor. In this study, the influence of individuals' characteristics on the emotional and perceptive attitudes toward portal sites was analyzed with statistical method through surveys using Technology Acceptance Model suggested by Davis et al. (1989). As a result of the study, it was found that the influence that the influence of game's characteristics have on the perceived accessibility has significant influence on the emotions about game portal site, which means familiarity is influential Detailed assumptions on the influence of game portal site on the perceived accessibility showed that familarity and achievement mavenism are all influential. It showed that the perceived accessibility about game portal site has significant influence on the perceived pleasure. Also, it was found that the perceived pleasure about game portal site has influence on cognitive attitude but the perceived accessibility has no influence on cognitive attitude. Also, the influence of the perceived pleasure and the perceived accessibility about game portal site on emotional attitude and the influence of the perceived pleasure on cognitive attitude were studied. As a result, it was found that the perceived pleasure and the perceived accessibility have influence on emotional attitude.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.37-53
• /
• 2012

This study is conducted to analyse the process and the pattern of motivation for musical expression in clinical music therapy for the adults in the mental health center. The participant were 8 adults purposive sampling who had more than one year music therapy experience in the mental health center and their age ranged from 27 to 53. A major category derived and analysed from the grounded theory method by Strauss and Corbin. The qualitative analysis indicated that motivation for musical expression in music therapy, which was the central phenomenon in this study, was determined by the music therapist and songs used in the sessions. The central phenomenon was caused by the therapist's friendly attitude, high musical capacity, the familarity of the selected songs and the significancy of the lyrics of selected songs. The levels of reliability about the therapist's personality and musical ability as a professional music therapist and the positive arousal of the songs used in sessions affected as the contextual condition. Spontaneous musical expression in music therapy brought the escape from reality, release of stress and sharing by the intervening condition 'empathy' and this resulted in mood regulation, the instillation of hope and group cohesion. It has been found that there were three types of motivation in music therapy: intrinsic motivation, relationship dependent extrinsic motivation and evasive motivation.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.173-182
• /
• 1995

Primary health care(PHC) has been established since A Health Law for rural residents has been legislated in 1980 following the WHO declaration, 'Health for All 2000'. in 1978. PHC services are presently assumed to be provided by 2038 Community Health Practitioners(CHP) to about 28% out of rural population in Korea. Most CHPs have confronted the adaptation process to the community being practiced although a CHP's role is to evoke community participation for the improvement of their health by themselves. So the purpose of this study is to describe and explain of the commitment of CHPs into the community. Data were collected by direct interview and tape-recording under subjects' permission till theoretical saturation were occured from 6 CHPs. The subjects were 41 years old and have served in the community for 9 years in average. Main questions and concepts were explored from data according to the procedure of the grounded theory methodology. The results are as follows. 1) The number of the main concepts were twenty four that identified Motive, Desire, Personal characteristics, Unfamiliarity, Denial, Feeling of isolation, Self-sacrifice, Kindness, Patience, Assimilation, Respect for the residents, Support by the family, Support by the residents, Achievement, Acceptance of realities, Use of resources, Inducement of cooperation from the residents, Changes of the difference from time orientation between CHP and residents, Attitude as a official, Technical support, Cost management, Satisfaction level, Acknowledgement by the residents and discrepancy. 2) The twenty four concepts were categorized to seven groups such as Motivation, Feeling of Heterogeneity, Self-discipline, Social support, Induced changes in the attitudes of residents, Familarity and Persistent discrepancy. 3) The categorized groups were analyzed on the base of the Causal Conditions, Central Phenomena, Contexts, Intervening Conditions, Action / Interaction Strategies, and Consequences. Central phenomenon in this study was identified to be the feeling of heterogeneity. Community health practitioners experienced unfamiliarity and denial from the community and felt themselves isolated in the first. In time, they won the trust of residents by their efforts including self-sacrifice, kindness, patience, and assimilation. Afterward, practitioners got self-confidence and familiarity with lesser feeling of heterogeneity. Nevertheless, practitioners could not commit themselves completely because of the persistent discrepancy between CHP and residents. 4) On the commitment process, the CHPs' feeling of heterogeneity were decresed and social support increesed and newly evolved induced change of residents through the continuous interaction between CHP and them The contribution of this study would be concluded as follows. 1) It is expected that effective strategies for more rapid committment into the community can be developed based on this study. 2) More easy committment would be possible for the newly appointed CHP through understanding of the committment process identified on this study.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.18 no.11
• /
• pp.255-264
• /
• 2013

This research was conducted to analyze parents' attitudes on the issues related to the Smart Education Initiative Korea. The questions included the usefulness of major digital tools for educational purposes, knowledge on the Smart Education, necessity for better educational methods, and Bring Your Own Devices (BYOD) policy. A total of 432 response cases from the parents were analyzed considering the parents' age, academic level, and income. As a result, parents regarded desktop PCs as more effective tools for learning when compared to tablet PCs. Meanwhile, mobile devices and SNSs were hardly considered as instructional tools. Second, familarity and understanding of the Smart Education were proportional to household income and mothers' education levels. Third, parents needed for the change in educational methods and agreed with the importance of students' self-regulated learning, collaboration, inquiry ability and creativity. Fourth, regarding BYOD, parents were willing to buy devices with a reasonable price. In conclusion, it is required to reflect the results of the study when implementing the Smart Education throughout the nation.

• Asia Marketing Journal
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.69-93
• /
• 2010

In this research, through experiments, we show that incongruity of color between mediums has positive influence on brand attitude in terms of integrated management of brand. We also present that self-image congruence of 'brand-consumer' has moderating effect on such influence of color incongruity. Mediums were limited to the ones that magnifying visual influence in order only to observe influence of color. With the same reason, visual factors other than color were coherently set or held constant and we chose brands with either low familarity or no previous knowledge. As a result, we find that brand attitude by the incongruity of color between mediums was higher compared to brand attitude by the congruence of color. In case with lower self-image congruence of brand-consumer we show higher change in attitude compared to the one with higher self-image congruence of brand-consumer. We believe our findings are interesting to note that brand may be enhanced by forming positive brand attitude through brand expression i.e., color of visual factors. In addition, we suggest that level of congruence and diversity of brand expression is in fact deeper or wider than that of brand manager's intuition. We see that it is possible for studying brands the incongruity which has been studied as a strategy to reposition mature brands can be a way of improving the recognition on new brands.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.16
• /
• pp.221-229
• /
• 1991

This thesis aims at reviewing the wearing aspect and formation of Chosun ceremonial dresses for meal and finding out the thought reflected by them from the standpoint that dresses themselves should be taken as one of the phenomena in culture. That is men's ceremonial costumes and confucian costumes of the royal family and the gentry family in Chosun is reviewed focused on the formation and the wearing aspect of Po, Which is a kind of them. And in the context of the phase of the times. I also considered the thoughts reflected on the clothes such as confucianism, Ying & Yang Theory, and the symbol and the thoughts of patterns in relation to the clothes. Confucian influence was the main force for the Chosun prohibitions for clothes. The major reasons for the prohibitions for clothes were as follows. First, they reflected confucian Chung myoung chooui(the principle that everything should be where it belongs). That is the prohibitions for clothes were used in the means to maintain feudalistic social order. influenced by social rank system. Second, they reflected confucian ethics in the means to recover social disciplines with the maintenance of traditional customs. This shows well in the restriction of luxurious items in dressing included the prohibitions for clothes. Third, they reflected Chosun's toadysm toward China. With the influx of Chinese style of dressing then government even changed the style of uniforms for public officials into that of Chinese resulting in dual styles of dressing. Ying & Yan Theory greatly affected the colors of Korean clothes and reflected toadysm toward China. too. The theory was embodied by prohibition of such colors for clothes as white, gray, and jade green. I reviewed the twelve patterns on Myunpok, Ten-Longivity patterns and Four-Gracious plants patterns in order to analyze the symbolism and thoughts of patterns for clothes. Nansam, Dopo, and Shimui worn by confucian scholars ensures that those clothes bears confucianism and philosopical factors. As shimui was worn by many people it appears in Chosun scholars' studies and a Chinese book called "Yeki". I reviewed the origin, procession, and ornaments of four ceremonial clothes and tried to find out the confucianism in them. First, In Kwanrei (the coming-of-age ceremony) remained ancestor worship and respect for manners. The clothes for this ceremony granted the rights and responsibilities of and adult to the wearer. The royal Kwanreipok had different dresses for each rank. As Samgapok, the crown prince wore Iksunkwan and Konryongpo for the first ritual, Wonryukwan and Kangsapo for the second, and Myunrukwan and Konpok for the third. The rank of the King's grandson was lower than the crown prince's. This example shows that Chosun people respected manners and thought the basic confucianism "God and people are equal." at the Royal court. Second, as Honreipok(wedding gown), the crown prince wore Myunrukwan and Konpok for Daereipok, Wonyukwan and Kangsapo for Napjing and Tongwoo, and Iksunkwan and Konryongpo for Chekbinui. But common people were allowed to wear an official outfit only for wedding in the means of congratulation on the most important day of their life. Wedding gowns which reflected Ying and Yang Theory emphasized the thought that union of a man and a wife is the most important event in life. Third, Sangrei(funeral) was the last ritual of a human being to send off the deceased. The mourning dresses expressed lamentation of the people left behind. Five-Dress-System for each the relative degree of familarity showed the solemnity and formality, which represented the formality of confucianism and ancestor worship. I reviewed the mourning dresses by dividing them into royal, Yangban's, and commons. They were featured by the fact that there was only one style for every walk of life. It is construed that anyone in mourning can wear the same clothes since he feels the same way regardless of his social rank. Fourth, Chereipok(sacrificial rite dresses) had different styles for each social rank. The King wore Myunpok(Kuryumyun and Kujangpok) were recorded to be worn first in the fourth year of King Taecho's ruling. The crown prince wore Palryumyun and Chiljangpok for sacrificial rite dress which was finally settled when King Sejong was in power. Common people wore Dopo, Shimui for the rite dress in the beginning of the Chosun Era and wore Dopo after Japanese invasion of Korea in 1592. In conclusion, confucianism played the main role in ceremonial dress system of Chosun and that was because it emphasized the ethics of action in life, which was different from other religions. It is true that cause-oriented thoughts and Chung myoung chooui in confucianism drove all ceremonies to extreme manners, discriminating the people who belonged to the lower social rank, and resulting in extremly luxurious life style. However, they also created a unique trend and clothes culture in the Chosun Era. I wish that this thesis provieds important information and direction for furthur studies in the future.

• Journal of Science Education
• /
• v.34 no.2
• /
• pp.291-305
• /
• 2010

The aim of this study was to survey the perceptions of the elementary school teachers on the smallscale chemistry(SSC) following its training session. The teachers participating in the survey were 266 teachers in the Gyeongnam province. They were given a questionnaire that focused on the nine areas of the SSC: Needs for the teacher training and its application, its benefits, issues of safety and danger as well as treatment of environmental pollution, its economic efficiency and the development of investigative skills. The designed questionnaire was checked by an authority, and the responses to each question were tallied and analyzed. The results are as follows. The biggest problems of the traditional experimental methods as rated by the teachers were, in the order of importance, the preparation time, the legal liability of teachers for the safety and accidents, financial issues, disposal of the experimental wastes and the lack of relevant data. Since most of the teachers had not experienced the SSC lab programs in the field, they responded positively to the questions of need for its introduction and training. The implementation of the experimental SSC lab programs should proceed in the following order: introduction into the textbook, teacher training program, after-school education and the invitation of instructors. The most useful materials for the SSC program were CDs, videos, books and various printed materials, in that order. The responses regarding benefits of the SSC program included its simplicity, convenience, time savings, diversity, qualitative and quantitative aspects, integration into the regular class and use of toys. In particular, the teachers mentioned the increased safety due to the small amount of experimental reagents needed and the durability of plastic instruments. The familarity from the use of everyday tools as well as easy access to and the low-cost of the instruments were other important benefits. The teachers in general rated the educational content of the program highly, but many also found it to be average. Some pointed out the lack of sufficient discussion due to the individual or pair groupings as a potential shortcoming. The potential for development of problem solving ability and improvement of skills was rated positively. The number of teacher who rated the development of creativity positively was just over the half. As for the area of improving investigative skills, many found its assessment difficult and confusing because of the lack of its systemic definition and categorization. Based on the findings of this study, I would like to recommend the application and a wider dissemination of the small-scale chemistry lab program into the elementary school science curriculum.