• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제39권12호
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• pp.520-528
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• 2002

최근 ATM 포럼에서 새로운 서비스 클래스인 GFR을 제안하였다. GFR 서비스는 TCP/IP 와 같은 "best-effort" 트래픽을 서비스하기 위해서 고안되었다. GFR 서비스는 VC의 최소 수율을 보장하고, 잉여 대역을 연결된 VC에 공평히 제공하여야 한다. 본 논문에서는 GFR이 요구하는 최소 전송율 보장과 공평성을 제공하기 위해서 Leaky-bucket기반의 버퍼 관리 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안된 버퍼 관리 알고리즘은 실제 구현이 용이하도록 Leaky-bucket의 프로세싱 부하와 구현 복잡도를 줄였다.

• 천문학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.23-36
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• 1984

From the PDS scanning, isophote maps and surface luminosity distributions for the late type spiral galaxy NGC 6946 were obtained. Surface luminosity distribution showed that this galaxy can be classified as the Freeman's type II, and the deep spheroidal component was caused as a result of the ring structure in the central part of NGC 6946. Physical parameters-total magnitude ($M_T^B$), effective radius ($R_e^*$), central surface magnitude $U(0)_{CD}$, length scale (${\alpha}^{-1}$), disk-to-bulge ratio (D/B) and mass-to-luminosity ratio (M/L)-were also calculated, and the results show that NGC 6946 belongs to Sc I type galaxy according to the DDO classification, and is to be a fair sample of classification statge T=6.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.373-389
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• 2000

This study is about job change hotel kitchen cook. addition, through case analysis, by choosing three hotels in Seoul, the relation job changes was found out, and through the interviews with cooking employees for more than three months, their opinions and reliabilities were collected and analyzed. The surveyed questionnaires were analyzed and studied through SPSS WIN Package, reliability analysis, factor analysis, frequency analysis, correlation, and distribution analysis and T-test were conducted to figure out the population statistical difference. According to the study results. those employees who thought kitchen environment, internal and external working conditions. the welfare for the employees are the most important factors in case of changing jobs scored over average 4 in the statistical analysis. For this reason, in order to reduce the rate of job changes the hotels efforts for and interests in appropriate compensation, improvement of working environment. continuous educational training, fair human resource management, and maintenance of good relation with co-workers are necessary.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.50-64
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• 2012

Quality of Service (QoS) and fairness considerations are undoubtedly essential parameters that need to be considered in the design of next generation scheduling algorithms. This work presents a novel game theoretic cross-layer design that offers optimal allocation of wireless resources to heterogeneous services in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) networks. The method is based on the Axioms of the Symmetric Nash Bargaining Solution (S-NBS) concept used in cooperative game theory that provides Pareto optimality and symmetrically fair resource distribution. The proposed strategies are determined via convex optimization based on a new solution methodology and by the transformation of the subcarrier indexes by means of time-sharing. Simulation comparisons to relevant schemes in the literature show that the proposed design can be successfully employed to typify ideal resource allocation for next-generation broadband wireless systems by providing enhanced performance in terms of queuing delay, fairness provisions, QoS support, and power consumption, as well as a comparable total throughput.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.175-188
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to confirm the reasons why the medical institutes avoid the traffic accident victims covered by the automobile insurance. For this purpose, a university hospital was sampled to comparatively analyze days of hospitalization, average medical cost per day, ratio of optional medical cost, average cost by injury/age group/department, distribution of MRI photographing, etc., between health insurance and automobile insurance patients. Accordingly, in order to assure automobile patients of a reasonable rights of medical services, it is deemed necessary to arrange a fair system encouraging them reduce the days of their hospitalization as well as a complementary mechanism preventing unnecessary expensive medical services due to the hazard.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.96-102
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• 2005

Cusum control chart is an efficient method to detect the change of process status. Many variants of cusum have considered, and the effects of design parameters have reviewed. To find the best cusum out of variants and to decide the best values of the design parameters, we need a criterion measuring the performance of the cusum control chart. People used and suggested several criterions which appear to be similar, but those have quite different properties. In this paper we review the properties of performance measure of cusum and its variants. Our goal is to provide fair and impartial criterion for comparison of cusums when the decision boundaries of the cusums are much different each other. We comparatively tested newly suggested measure and traditional measure with the examples of cumulative scored chart as a special case of cusum chart.

• 산업공학
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.496-505
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• 1999

Quality of Service(QoS) is the collective effect of service performances and has a direct impact on customer satisfaction. Although QoS is subjective, network performance parameters contributing to QoS can be measured physically. Therefore overall customer satisfaction for each test condition of the performance parameters is evaluated by asking respondents to indicate his or her opinion on a five-category rating scale i.e., excellent, good, fair, poor, and unsatisfactory. The opinion data resulting from the test can then be used to measure and analyze QoS from the customers' viewpoints. In this papaer, we consider two methods for analyzing the opinion data: MOS method and Cumulative Probability Curve method. The former evaluates an arithmetic mean of the opinion scores which quantify the surveyed opinions of respondents. The latter uses graphical and analytical models which are based on the distribution of the opinions rather than an arithmetic mean. The advantages, disadvantages, and an alternative of each method are discussed, together with future directions of research.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.253-260
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• 2010

Communication devices aim to provide a multimedia service without spatial or temporal limitations in an IP-based environment. However, it is incapable of allowing for fair use by consumers who legally buy content, and damages provider contents through the indiscriminate distribution and use of illegal contents. The DRM system that emerged to solve this problem cannot protect licenses stored on communication devices, and manage licenses by redistribution. This paper proposes a license audit model, which checks for illegal access, modification and redistribution, and reports alert logs to the server.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.552-558
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• 2002

차별 서비스 모델은 IP 기반 네트워크에서 서비스 품질을 제공하기 위한 새로운 구조 모델이다. RIO 는 차별 서비스 네트워크 환경에서 라우터의 큐 관리 메커니즘으로 가장 널리 적용되고 있다. 본 논문은 패킷 길이에 따른 처리율의 영향을 완화하는 개선된 RIO 메커니즘을 제안한다. 트래픽 조절 기능인 TSW 기능과 결합하여 시뮬레이션을 수행한 결과, 제안된 메커니즘은 적절히 배치된 네트워크 상황에서 패킷 길이에 무관하게 안정된 처리율을 보장하고, 대역폭의 공평한 분배를 제공하는 것으로 분석된다.

• 한국정보통신설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신설비학회 2004년도 하계학술대회
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• pp.382-385
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• 2004

In this paper, a new clustering algorithm using the Guaranteed Distance is proposed. In the new algorithm, the appropriate distribution of clusterheads is accomplished by guarantee the stochastic average distance between clusterhead (CH)s. Using this algorithm, the communication cost from clusterheads to their member nodes and the load variance in each clusterheads are reduced. Therefore, the network lifetime can be extended and the fair energy consumption for all nodes can be achieved.