• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.168-168
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• 2022

According to the 5th Climate Change Report, global average temperature in 2081~2100 will increase 1.8℃ based on RCP 4.5 and 3.7℃ based on RCP 8.5 from the current climate value (IPCC Working Group I AR5). As temperature is expected to increase due to global warming and the intensity and frequency of rainfall are expected to increase, damage to crops is expected, and countermeasures must be taken. This study intends to evaluate rice growth in terms of nitrogen utilization efficiency according to future climate change conditions. In this experiment, Oryza sativa cv. Shindongjin were planted at the SPAR facility of the NICS in Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do on June 10, and were planted and grown according to the standard cultivation method. Cultivation conditions are high temperature, high CO₂ (current temperature+4.7℃·CO₂ 800ppm), high temperature (current temperature+4.7℃·CO₂ 400ppm), current climate (current tempreture·CO₂ 400 ppm). Nitrogen was varied as 0, 9, 18 kg/10a. The N content and C/N ratio of all rice leaves, stems, and seeds increased at high temperature, and the N content and C/N ratio decreased under high temperature and high CO₂ conditions com pared to high temperature. Compared to the current climate, NUE increases by about 8% under high temperature and high CO₂ conditions and by about 2% under high temperature conditions. This seems to be because the increase in temperature and CO₂ induced the increase in biomass. ANUE related to yield decreased by about 70% compared to the current climate under high temperature conditions, and decreased by about 45% at high temperature and high CO₂, showing a tendency to decrease compared to high temperature. This appears to be due to reduced fertility and poor ripening due to high temperature stress. However, as the nitrogen increased, the number of ears and the number of grains increased, slightly offsetting the production reduction factor.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.111-119
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to construct the main system of simulator for the environment control of agricultural production facilities. The model describing the system was based on the energy and mass balance in an unsteady - state situation. The model consist of the three major parts : the main model, the light model, and the environmental control model, and each part was separated to be developed individually. The main model which is the core of this system includes the thermal model, the soil model, the ventilation model, the cultivation model, and the carbon dioxide model. And also the environmental control model includes the thermal curtain model, the heater/cooler model and the underground heat exchanger model. The equations used in this model were written in analog programming methods using PCSMP The simulator was evaluated through comparison between simulated and measured temperatures controlled during daytime and night. The results showed good agreements between the predicted and measured temperatures.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.352-363
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the load of nutrients contained in the drainage discharged from the facility horticultural complex and to use them for re-use of fluids and design for introduction of water treatment plants. Representative hydroponic cultivation crops were selected as tomato, paprika, cucumber, and strawberry, and the total number of samples analyzed for water quality was 80. As a result of the analysis, since various fertilizer components such as N, P, K⁺, Na⁺, Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, Si₄⁺, HCO₃^-, Cl^-, S^2-, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Mo and B are contained at very high concentrations in the drainage, the need for water treatment was confirmed. Through statistical analysis, it was analyzed that the drainage concentration of strawberries was lower than that of tomatoes, paprika, and cucumbers. In the case of tomatoes, these essential ion concentrations are the highest, so it was confirmed that they are subject to valuable resources in terms of reuse of fertilizers. The load of N and P of the drainage discharged from the facility horticultural complex 1m² was analyzed. For N, the daily processing capacity of 4.0 kg of tomatoes, 3.3 kg of paprika, 3.0 kg of cucumbers, and 1.5 kg of strawberries was calculated based on 1 ha. It was suggested that the P concentration needs a scale and capacity that can handle 0.5 kg of tomatoes, 0.6 kg of paprika, 0.4 kg of cucumber, and 0.2 kg of strawberries per day. Through this study, the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus contained in the drainage discharged from the greenhouse of each crop was evaluated to analyze the economy. In addition, it was expected to be used as basic data that can be used to calculate the treatment capacity to be reflected when introducing water treatment facilities in facility horticultural complexes for sustainable agriculture.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.45 no.10
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• pp.1051-1067
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• 2012

Increased use of water curtain facilities to keep green house warm during winter cultivation has been known to cause excessive groundwater ion which might lead to decline of groundwater level, resulting in streamflow depletion. Therefore it is required to quantitatively assess the effects of groundwater ion on the streamflow depletion such as magnitude and extent. The objective of this study is to assess the change of stream-aquifer interaction according to groundwater ion near stream. To this end, a green house cultivation land in Sooha-ri, Sindun-myun, Icheon-si, Gyonggi-do was selected as a field experimental site, and monitoring wells were established near and within stream to observe the water level and temperature changes over a long period of time. From the observed water level and temperature data, it was found that the river reach of interest changed to a losing stream pattern during the winter cultivation season due to groundwater level decline around pumping wells near the stream. The continuous exchange rates between stream and aquifer were estimated by plugging the observed water level data series into the experimental relation between head difference and exchange rate, showing the streamflow depletion by 16% of the groundwater pumping rate in Feb, 2011.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 2007

Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis is one of the commercially important filamentous cyanobacteria. The heterotrophic cultivation of Arthrospira can be an alternative strategy for commercial mass production. In heterotrophic culture, the specific growth rate of A. platensis M9108, a glucose-resistant mutant of A. platensis PCC 9108, was $0.014h^{-1}$ which was 1.8 higher than that oi the previous report. The mutant possessed the facility to assimilate and to metabolize glucose efficiently under heterotrophic condition. However, the r-linolenic acid content of 6 Arthrospira strains was not increased in heterotrophic culture. Four Arthrospira strains out of 6 tested strains were able to utilize maltose as a carbon source under heterotrophic condition. The biomass production of these strains on maltose was similar to that on glucose. The specific growth rate of A. platensis M9108 increased with glucose concentration up to 5.0 g/L and then decreased at a glucose concentration of 10.0 g/L. Additionally, A. platensis M9108 under heterotrophic condition showed no aggregation during the cultivation in contrast to A. platensis PCC 9108.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.133-148
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• 1995

This study was carried out to provide behavioral data for its planning and management of civic garden through the evaluation of user's motivation & satisfaction. The civic gardens around Seoul were surveyed. The site are located in Kwangtan-myeon, Sudong-myeon, Wonsam-myeon, Nam-myeon, Buknae-myeon, and Jumdong-myeon, A total of 244 questionnaires were completed by mail questionnaires. The results are as follows: 1. 82 percentage of users are in thirties or fourties most of them have children who go to the elementary school. 50 percentage of users are just typical house wifes. 74 percentage of users graduated form university. 60 percentage of users live in lofty apartment buildings. 2. As a result from factor analysis, their motivations are categorized into four fator groups.: 'to experience nature', 'weekend recreation', 'nostalgia', 'to provide their old parent's sparetime'. And their satisfactions are categorized into eleven fator groups.: 'psychological/intellectual component', 'recreational components', 'instruction/management', 'facility'. 'vegetable cultivation', 'social contact', 'crowing', 'aesthetic component', 'family contact', 'the terms of lease', 'visition time'. 3. The user of civic garden can be divided into four user groups by their motivation. CLUSTER1 can represent the user group who have motivations for 'leisure, relaxation'. They are considerably satisfied with all other factor 'opportunity of meeting new person'. CLUSTER2 at the age of 41 to 50 have motivation for 'health, nostalgia'. CLUSTER3 at the age of 31 to 40 have motivation for 'harvest, experiencing nature'. CLUSTER4 at the age of more than 51 want to let their parents enjoy their sparetime. They are dissatisfied with accessibility, amount of cultivation area, crowding and overall farm management. 4. The regression analysis was employed with predicting the overall satisfaction. The results of regression analysis showed that 69% of total variances was explained by six variables: The most effective variable is 'whether visiting on weekend or weekdays', the visitors on weekdays are far more satisfied than weekend visitors because of traffic congestion, and crowding. The second source of satisfactions are 'psychological/intellectual components', they are satisfied with 'family contact', 'the terms of lease' and 'instruction in farming' are sources of satisfaction or dissatisfaction, and finally 'aesthetic landscape' is the source of satisfaction. The second most important variable is psychological one. Even though the civic gardens were not well equipped, they liked the atmosphere of rural life, refreshness, nostalgia, satisfaction from cultivation plants, and sense of achievement.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.539-544
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• 2008

A mutant of Arthrospira platensis PCC 9108, strain M9108, obtained by mutagenesis with UV treatment, was able to mixotrophically grow in an SOT medium containing 40 g of glucose/l. The biomass and specific growth rate of strain M9108 (4.10 g/l and 0.70/d) were 1.9-fold and 1.4-fold higher, respectively, than those of the wild type (2.21 g/l and 0.58/d) under mixotrophic culture condition. In addition, when compared with the wild type, the content of ${\gamma}$-linolenic acid (GLA) in the mutant was increased when glucose concentration was increased. Compared with the wild type, the GLA content of the mutant was 2-fold higher in autotrophic culture and about 3-fold higher in mixotrophic culture. Thus, the mutant appears to possess more efficient facility to assimilate and metabolize glucose and to produce more GLA than its wild-type strain.

• KCID journal
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.32-44
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• 2014

In Korea, global warming caused by the climate changes impacted on weather system with increase in frequency and intensity of precipitation, and the rainfall pattern changes significantly by regional groups. Furthermore, it is expected that the regional and annual fluctuation ranges of the rainfall in the future would be more severe. Nowadays, agricultural drainage system designed by the existing standard of 20-year return period and 2 days of fixation time cannot deal with the increment rainfall such as localized heavy rain and local torrential rainfalls. Therefore, it is required to reinforce the standard of the drainage system in order to reduce the agricultural flood damage brought by unusual weather. In addition, it is needed to improve the standard of agricultural drainage design in order to cultivate farm products in paddy fields as facility vegetable cultivation and up-land field crop have been damaged by the moisture injury and flooding. In order to prepare for the changes of rainfall pattern due to climate changes and improve the agricultural drainage design standards by the increase of cultivating farm products, the purpose of this study is to examine the impact of climate changes, the changes of relative design standard, and the analytic situation of agricultural flood damages, to consider the drainage design standard revision, and finally to prepare for enhanced agricultural drainage design standards.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.247-263
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• 2007

This study was complied to analyze the professional agricultural techniques level and to suggest a desirable direction for the professional education system for women farmer. The research was conducted by using in-field surveys and interviews. Data was gathered by questionnaire from 147 women farmer in five specialized crop regions: strawberry, cucumber, rose, apple, and oyster mushroom. The results obtained are as follows. First, the technique levels in computer usage and electronic commerce, machinery usage, pesticide and fertilizer utilization, facility automation, and eco-agricultural cultivation were low. Second, the demand for professional education, evaluated through technique level by standard management diagnosis, was recognized. Areas of concern included: cucumber (temperature control, carbonic acid gas control, grading, funds management), strawberry (light control, soil temperature control, irrigation watering, shipping), rose (temperature control, light control, funds management, cooperated management), oyster mushroom (growth cabinet sterilizer), and apple (flower bud pinching, defloration, fruit thinning, funds management). Based on the results of this study, the following are suggestions for the planning of a professional education system for women farmer. First, it needs to address formal education in marketing, machinery usage, facilities automation, and techniques in pesticide and fertilizer utilization. Second, it needs to be a multi- level program with appropriate terminology at every level which is suitable to each age and ability of women farmer. Third, it needs a more comprehensive manual developed by need analysis of women farmer and a larger lecturer pool for professional education.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.65 no.6
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• pp.15-22
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• 2023

In this study, We conduct a comparative study of deep learning-based classification of agricultural field attributes using Tagged Image File (TIF) and Enhanced Compression Wavelet (ECW) images. The goal is to interpret and classify the attributes of agricultural fields by analyzing the differences between these two image formats. "FarmMap," initiated by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs in 2014, serves as the first digital map of agricultural land in South Korea. It comprises attributes such as paddy, field, orchard, agricultural facility and ginseng cultivation areas. For the purpose of comparing deep learning-based agricultural attribute classification, we consider the location and class information of objects, as well as the attribute information of FarmMap. We utilize the ResNet-50 instance segmentation model, which is suitable for this task, to conduct simulated experiments. The comparison of agricultural attribute classification between the two images is measured in terms of accuracy. The experimental results indicate that the accuracy of TIF images is 90.44%, while that of ECW images is 91.72%. The ECW image model demonstrates approximately 1.28% higher accuracy. However, statistical validation, specifically Wilcoxon rank-sum tests, did not reveal a significant difference in accuracy between the two images.