• 미래기술융합논문지
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• 1권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2022

2015년부터 정부에서는 한국형 스마트팜 보급에 노력하고 있다. 그러나, 기술 및 현행 재배 연구 데이터의 한계로 인해 대규모 시설 채소 농가에만 보급이 국한되고 있는 실정이다. 또한, 작물 생육 및 재배 환경을 고려하지 않은 IT 기술의 단순 적용으로 도입 비용 대비 효율성과 신뢰성이 낮은 상황이다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 공공 및 외부 데이터를 기반으로 데이터 분석 서비스를 수행하고 이를 시설 재배 농가의 실정에 맞는 데이터 기반의 타깃형 스마트팜 시스템을 설계하였다. 이를 위해, 농장 위험 정보 알림 서비스를 개발하고, 적정 비료 시비를 위한 광환경지도를 제공하며, 시설 농장의 온습도 정보를 활용한 재배 작기별 병해 예측 모델을 설계하였다. 이를 통해, 기존의 스마트팜 센서 데이터와의 연계, 활용으로 스마트팜 데이터 서비스 구현이 가능하며, 데이터 활용에 경제적 효율성 및 데이터 신뢰성을 확보할 수 있다.

• 사물인터넷융복합논문지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2022

최근 귀농을 희망하는 사람들이 증가하고 있으며 이들 대부분은 노지재배 보다는 상대적으로 소득이 높은 시설재배를 선호하는 경향이지만 부족한 영농경험과 경영정보 부재로 농업 실패 확률이 높은 실정이다. 본 연구는 시설재배를 원하는 귀농인의 초기 시설재배 경영의사결정 지원 인터페이스를 제안한다. 제안하는 인터페이스는 표준화 모델링 언어인 UML(Unified Modeling Language)로 설계되며, 사용자가 입력하는 재배지역, 선택작목, 재배형태 등의 정보에 따라 토지/작물 적합성, 토지/시설비용 및 경영비 등의 주요 의사결정 정보를 제공한다. 제안하는 인터페이스를 통해, 시설재배 희망 귀농인은 원하는 대상지에서의 시설재배를 위한 초기 의사결정 정보 획득을 통해 효과적이고 빠르며 체계적인 작물 시설재배 설계가 가능하다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.342-351
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• 2018

Purpose: Recently, an increasing number of farms have been cultivating shiitake mushrooms using a sawdust substrate and a cooler/heater. In this study, an attempt was made to develop an environmental control system using a heat pump for cultivating high-quality shiitake mushrooms. Methods: An environmental control system, consisting of an air-to-water type heat pump, a thermal storage tank, and a radiator in a variable opening chamber, was designed and fabricated. The system was also installed in the cultivation facility of a farm cultivating shiitake mushrooms so as to compare the proposed control system with a conventional environmental control system using a cooler-condensing unit and an electric hot water boiler. Results: The uniformity of the environment was analyzed through environment measurements taken at several positions inside the cultivation facility. It was determined that the developed environmental control system is able to control the variations in temperature and relative humidity to within 1% and 3%, respectively. In addition, a maximum temperature difference of $30^{\circ}C$ (maximum of $35^{\circ}C$, minimum of $5^{\circ}C$) and a maximum relative humidity difference of 30% (maximum of 90%, minimum of 60%) can be attained within 30 min inside the cultivation facility through the cooling of the heat pump and heating of the radiator in a variable opening chamber. Thus, the developed control system can be used to cultivate high-quality shiitake mushrooms more effectively than a conventional cooler and heater. Conclusions: In comparison with a conventional environmental control system, the developed system decreased the yield of ordinary mushrooms by 65%, and increased that of high-quality mushrooms by 217%. This corresponds to a 16% increase in gross farm income. Consequently, the developed system is expected to improve the income of shiitake mushroom cultivating farms.

• 농촌계획
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.127-135
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• 2023

This study examined the impact of changes in agricultural production methods on society, the economy, and the environment. While traditional open-field farming relied heavily on natural conditions, modern approaches, including greenhouse and smart farming, have emerged to mitigate the effects of climate and seasonal variations. Facility horticulture has been on the rise since the 1990s, and recently, there has been a growing interest in smart farms due to reasons such as climate change adaptation and food security. We compared open-field spinach and greenhouse spinach using agricultural income survey data, and we also compared greenhouse tomato cultivation with smart farming tomato cultivation, utilizing data from the smart farm survey reports. The economic results showed that greenhouse spinach increased yield by 25.8% but experienced a 29% decrease in income due to equipment depreciation. In the case of tomato production in smart farms, both yield and income increased by 36-39% and 34-46%, respectively. In terms of environmental impact, we also compared fertilizer and energy usage. It was found that greenhouse spinach used 29% less fertilizer but 14% more energy compared to open-field spinach. Smart farming for tomatoes saw a negligible decrease in electricity and fuel costs. Regarding the social impact, greenhouse spinach reduced labor hours by 31%, and the introduction of smart farming for tomatoes led to an average 11% reduction in labor hours. This reduction is expected to have a positive effect on sustainable farming. In conclusion, the transition from open-field to greenhouse cultivation and from greenhouse cultivation to smart farming appears to yield positive effects on the economy, environment, and society. Particularly, the reduction in labor hours is beneficial and could potentially contribute to an increase in rural populations.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.655-665
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• 2020

Background and objective: This study was conducted to compare the cultivation environment, growth of cut flowers, and management performance of conventional farms and smart farms growing the standard cut chrysanthemum, 'Jinba'. Methods: Conventional and smart farms were selected, and facility information, cultivation environment, cut flower growth, and management performance were investigated. Results: The conventional and smart farms were located in Muan, Jeollanam-do, and conventional farming involved cultivating with soil culture in a plastic greenhouse, while the smart farm was cultivating with hydroponics in a plastic greenhouse. The conventional farm did not have sensors for environmental measurement such as light intensity and temperature and pH and EC sensors for fertigation, and all systems, including roof window, side window, thermal screen, and shading curtain, were operated manually. On the other hand, the smart farm was equipped with sensors for measuring the environment and nutrient solution, and was automatically controlled. The day and night mean temperatures, relative humidity, and solar radiation in the facilities of the conventional and the smart farm were managed similarly. But in the floral differentiation stage, the floral differentiation was delayed, as the night temperature of conventional farm was managed as low as 17.7℃ which was lower than smart farm. Accordingly, the harvest of cut flowers by the conventional farm was delayed to 35 days later than that of the smart farm. Also, soil moisture and EC of the conventional farm were unnecessarily kept higher than those of the smart farm in the early growth stage, and then were maintained relatively low during the period after floral differentiation, when a lot of water and nutrients were required. Therefore, growth of cut flower, cut flower length, number of leaves, flower diameter, and weight were poorer in the conventional farm than in the smart farm. In terms of management performance, yield and sales price were 10% and 38% higher for the smart farm than for the conventional farm, respectively. Also, the net income was 2,298 thousand won more for the smart farm than for the conventional farm. Conclusion: It was suggested that the improved growth of cut flowers and high management performance of the smart farm were due to precise environment management for growth by the automatic control and sensor.

• 벤처창업연구
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.185-199
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• 2019

한국의 시설원예는 짧은 기간에 주목할 만큼 발전하였지만, 높은 경영비와 시장개방 등 불리한 주변 여건에 대응하여 국제경쟁력을 확보하기 위해서는 시설원예의 문제점 진단과 분석을 통하여 대응책을 마련하여야 한다. 본 연구는 스마트 팜을 2세대 지능형 스마트 팜으로 발전시키기 위한 목적을 가지고 있다. 이를 위하여 선도사례와 실증사례 연구를 통해 작물 생육 정보의 활용 및 분석 능력이 생산성에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 실증사례를 통하여 고찰한다. 정보통신기술(ICT)을 도입한 시설원예 스마트 팜과 빅데이터를 활용한 농업기술이 농가의 생산성에 어떤 기여를 하고 있는지에 대하여 선도농가의 사례를 분석하였다. 이와 함께 작물 생육 정보 수집 및 분석 솔루션을 개발하여 수경재배 토마토 농가에서 산출된 생산성 변화 요인을 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 첫째, 작물 생육 정보 엽온의 활용 필요성이다. 엽온의 활용 범위는 시설 내 하우스 환기, 보온 커튼의 열고 닫음, 최초 관수 시점과 종료 시점 결정 등 다양하게 활용할 수 있다는 것을 확인하였다. 둘째, 작물 생육 정보 함수율의 활용 필요성이다. 작물 생육 함수율 정보는 작물의 현재 상태가 영양 생장인지, 생식 생장인지를 확인 가능하게 하며, 광합성 능력에 따라 함수율을 인위적으로 조절할 수 있다는 것이 확인되었다. 셋째, 작물의 EC, pH 정보를 활용하는 것이다. 작물에 따라 기후조건에 따라 EC 값을 달리해야 한다. 공급되는 EC, pH와 배액에서 측정되는 EC, pH를 비교하여 현재 작물의 생육 상태를 확인할 수 있다는 것이 확인되었다. 본 연구의 결과를 토대로 스마트 팜의 측정 생육 정보를 어떻게 활용하는가에 따라 생산성에 영향을 미칠 수 있다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.444-454
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• 2014

The range of optimization problem in aquaculture is very wide, resulting from the range of species, mode of operation. Quite a few studies focus marine net-cages, but studies on land based culture farm are few or no. This paper considers a allocation problem to meet production planning in land based aquaculture system. A water pool allocation model in land based aquaculture system was developed. The solution finds the value of decision variable to minimize yearly production costs that sums up the water pool usage cost and sorting cost. The model inputs were (1) the fish growth rate (2) critical standing corp (3) number of water pool (4) number of fish. The model outputs were (5) number of water pool in growing phase (6) cost of cultivation (6) optimal facility allocation(number of water pool for each growing phase). To solve the problem, an efficient heuristic algorithm based on a greedy manner is developed. Branch and bound and heuristic is evaluated through numerical examples.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.270-278
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• 2013

Purpose: Using agricultural machinery was not easy in the conventional shading structure, specified as a standard facility by standard cultivation methods for ginseng. Thus, this study designed the new types of facility allowing machine access by modifying the conventional type. Methods: Two types of facility (i.e. wide roof type and long & short roof type) were designed and installed in an experimental site to evaluate its growing environments and applicability of riding-type cultivator. Results: From the results of incoming light measurement, all three types (i.e. two new types and a conventional type) of shading structures blocked the incoming light after 9:00 am. The temperature distribution inside the new types was similar with the one in the conventional type, so the growth of ginseng was in good condition in all three types of facility. The riding-type cultivator was operated well with the low speed first gear of 0.13 m/s in the new types. However, a long & short typed roof needs to be raised 18 cm height in order to use the cultivator. Conclusions: With the results of this study, the new types of roof can be used in the ginseng farm in that they satisfied the growing environments for ginseng and the needs for agricultural mechanization.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제65권6호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2023

In this study, We conduct a comparative study of deep learning-based classification of agricultural field attributes using Tagged Image File (TIF) and Enhanced Compression Wavelet (ECW) images. The goal is to interpret and classify the attributes of agricultural fields by analyzing the differences between these two image formats. "FarmMap," initiated by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs in 2014, serves as the first digital map of agricultural land in South Korea. It comprises attributes such as paddy, field, orchard, agricultural facility and ginseng cultivation areas. For the purpose of comparing deep learning-based agricultural attribute classification, we consider the location and class information of objects, as well as the attribute information of FarmMap. We utilize the ResNet-50 instance segmentation model, which is suitable for this task, to conduct simulated experiments. The comparison of agricultural attribute classification between the two images is measured in terms of accuracy. The experimental results indicate that the accuracy of TIF images is 90.44%, while that of ECW images is 91.72%. The ECW image model demonstrates approximately 1.28% higher accuracy. However, statistical validation, specifically Wilcoxon rank-sum tests, did not reveal a significant difference in accuracy between the two images.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.89-94
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• 2004

본 실험은 다양한 농가부산물들이 노루궁데이버섯의 재배를 위한 기질로써 적합한지를 알아보기 위하여 실시되었다. 이를 위해 참나무 톱밥, 사탕수수박, 코코낫박, 율무박, 왕겨, 배추, 면자각의 기본 기질들과 미강, 옥수수박의 첨가물을 서로 다른 비율과 조성을 통하여 노루궁뎅이버섯 균주를 접종한 후, 균사생장과 균사밀도, 자실체 생산량, 생물학적 효율을 조사 비교하였다. 참나무 톱밥 80%+미강 20%의 기질이 우수한 균사생장, 균사밀도, 자실체 생산량, 생물학적 효율을 보여 종균용 기질로써 적합하였다. 이러한 기질 조성의 적합성은 병재배법을 이용하는 농가에서 3개 노루궁뎅이버섯 균주를 사용하여 행한 실증실험에서 입증되었다. 그러나 봉지재배법을 이용한 농가 실증시험에서는 면자각 40%+참나무 톱밥 40% 기질에 옥수수 및 미강을 각각 10%씩 영양원으로 첨가한 기질에서 자실체 생산 및 생물학적 효율이 우수한 것으로 나타났다.