• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.275-277
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• 2015

A 1-year-old female Slow loris was presented with swelling of left nasal bridge. On physical examination, fracture of left upper canine tooth was found. Cytologic and radiographic examination on the lesion revealed bacterial infection and pulpitis, respectively. The bacteria were identified as Streptococcus gordonii by culture and molecular diagnosis. After removal of damaged tooth and administration of antibiotics, the abscess was resolved.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.183-187
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• 2005

The coronal approach has been used for over a century by neurosurgeons to access to the anterior cranium. Indications for the coronal approach expanded from use in the correction of congenital skeletal anomalies to applications in acute maxillofacial trauma and secondary deformity correction, oncologic surgery and reconstruction, and esthetic surgery. Complications were such as injury to frontal branch of the facial nerve, motor nerve paralysis, hematoma under flap, trismus, ptosis, epiphora, infection and anterior temporal depression. $Medpor^{(R)}$ is made up of dense polyethylene connected in porous structures. It is easily shapable without collapsing the pores due to it's hardness and tissue growth takes place at the porosities. Based on these advantages, $Medpor^{(R)}$ has been used in augmentation and restoration in craniofacial defect. A temporal depression after the coronal approach for treatment of Le Fort III fracture was successfully reconstruction with $Medpor^{(R)}$ and we report this case with review of literature.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• 제59권1호
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• pp.107-115
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• 2021

Excessive pathological attrition over the entire dentition can cause decreased masticatory function, and pathological problems of the temporomandibular joint and the muscular nervous system. In this case, 71 year-old male patient with severe attrition and fracture across the entire tooth was treated by full mouth rehabilitation for regaining space of restoration. In order to determine the appropriate vertical dimension of the patient's occlusion, facial appearance, aesthetics, restoration space were evaluated, and provisional restoration of the raised vertical dimension was made. After 4 months of evaluation, the entire restoration of monolithic zirconia crown using CAD-CAM was completed. Through the above process, satisfactory aesthetic and functional results were obtained.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.25-33
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• 2021

Objectives: Many conditions of the oral and maxillofacial region require hospitalization and in-patient care. The average length of stay (LOS) of these patients varies and is usually affected by multiple confounding variables. However, even with an increasing number of hospital admissions, published evidence on the factors that affect the LOS of oral and maxillofacial patients is lacking. Therefore, this study assessed the LOS of in-patients at the oral and maxillofacial surgery department of a government-funded, multi-specialty hospital in Malaysia, based on their reasons for admission and other factors. Materials and Methods: Our samples were collected retrospectively over a 5-year period and included patients with maxillofacial infections, post-trauma stabilization, facial bone fracture surgery, benign and malignant lesion surgery, dentoalveolar surgery, and other maxillofacial surgeries as reasons for admission. Factors potentially affecting LOS were also recorded, and their significance was determined using multiple logistic regression analyses. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: A total of 1,380 patients were included in this study. Most (84.5%) of our in-patients were of Malay ethnicity, and males outnumbered females in our sample by 502 subjects. The median LOS of our in-patients was 3 days. Sex, ethnicity, age, reason for admission, and American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) classification were factors that significantly affected LOS. Conclusion: The median LOS reported in this study was 3 days. LOS was significantly affected by sex, ethnicity, age, reason of admission and ASA classification.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.369-376
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• 2022

Background: Nonobstetric surgery is sometimes required during pregnancy, and neck abscess or facial bone fracture surgery cannot be postponed in pregnant women. However, dental surgery can be stressful and can cause inflammation, and the inflammatory response is a well-known major cause of preterm labor. Propofol is an intravenous anesthetic commonly used for general anesthesia and sedation. Studies investigating the effect of propofol on human amnion are rare. The current study investigated the effects of propofol on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses in human amnion-derived WISH cells. Methods: WISH cells were exposed to LPS for 24 h and co-treated with various concentrations of propofol (0.01-1 ㎍/ml). Cell viability was measured using the MTT assay. Nitric oxide (NO) production was analyzed using a microassay based on the Griess reaction. The protein expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandin E2 (PGE 2), p38, and phospho-p38 was analyzed using western blotting. Results: Propofol did not affect the viability and NO production of WISH cells. Co-treatment with LPS and propofol reduced COX-2 and PGE₂ protein expression and inhibited p38 phosphorylation in WISH cells. Conclusion: Propofol does not affect the viability of WISH cells and inhibits LPS-induced expression of inflammatory factors. The inhibitory effect of propofol on inflammatory factor expression is likely mediated by the inhibition of p38 activation.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.69-75
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• 2023

Purpose: Maxillofacial trauma predominantly affects young adults between 20 and 40 years of age. Although radioprotection is a legal requirement, the significant potential of dose reduction in computed tomography (CT) is still underused in the clinical routine. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether maxillofacial fractures can be reliably detected and classified using ultra-low-dose CT. Materials and Methods: CT images of 123 clinical cases with maxillofacial fractures were classified by two readers using the AOCOIAC software and compared with the corresponding results from post-treatment images. In group 1, consisting of 97 patients with isolated facial trauma, pre-treatment CT images at different dose levels (volumetric computed tomography dose index: ultra-low dose, 2.6 mGy; low dose, <10 mGy; and regular dose, <20 mGy) were compared with post-treatment cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). In group 2, consisting of 31 patients with complex midface fractures, pre-treatment shock room CT images were compared with post-treatment CT at different dose levels or CBCT. All images were presented in random order and classified by 2 readers blinded to the clinical results. All cases with an unequal classification were re-evaluated. Results: In both groups, ultra-low-dose CT had no clinically relevant effect on fracture classification. Fourteen cases in group 2 showed minor differences in the classification code, which were no longer obvious after comparing the images directly to each other. Conclusion: Ultra-low-dose CT images allowed the correct diagnosis and classification of maxillofacial fractures. These results might lead to a substantial reconsideration of current reference dose levels.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.301-314
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• 2003

The purposes of this retrospective study were to assess the change of serum parameters in oral and maxillofacial surgery patients after operation and to determine what laboratory parameters on treatment periods were associated with the recovery of systemic condition. For purposes of assessing systemic nutritional status, several serum parameters were chosen. The sample patients were randomsubjects extracted from three category patient groups- oral cancer, odontogenic abscess, facial bone fracture based on treated patients at department of oral and maxillofacial surgery in Pusan National University Hospital from September 1, 1998, to September 1, 2002. Each groups were consisted with 10 patients. Each patient chart was examined and blood sample parameters were reviewed with clinical signs, symptoms and vital sign at preoperative day, postoperative 1 day, postoperative 1 week. Several parameters were analyzed statistically for extraction of mean values and differences between the periods groups. The findings of serum parameters of cancer, abscess and fracture groups were as follows: 1. In cancer patients, Hb, MCV, albumin, cholesterol, LDH, AST, ALT, neutrophil, platelet, leukocyte, Na, K, Cl, BUN, creatinine were analyzed. Values of Hb, albumin, AST, neutrophil, leukocyte, Cl showed significantly differences according to periods. 2. In abscess patients, CRP, ESR, leukocyte, body temperature, neutrophil were analyzed. Values of CRP, leukocyte, body temperature, neutrophil showed significanlty differences according to periods. 3. In fracture patients, same parameters with cancer patient's were chosen. Values of platelet, Cl only showed significantly differences according to periods. 4. In cancer patients, data regarding correlation was analyzed statistically as Pearson's value. A positive correlation was found between Hb and albumin, K, Na(P<0.05). A positive correlation was also found between neutrophil and leukocyte(P<0.05). Positive correlations were found between cholesterol and ALT, LDH and platelet, creatinine both, Platelet and BUN, Na and K(P<0.01). 5. In abscess patients, Peason's correlation values were analyzed on parameters. A positive correlation was found only between CRP and neutrophil(P<0.05). 6. In fracture patients, The correlations of parameters also were statistically analyzed. Positive correlations were found between MCV and K, albumin and LDH, AST and three parameters of creatinine, Na, Cl, K and neutrophil, neutrophil and three parameters of leukocyte, BUN, K(P<0.05). Positive correlations were found between LDH and AST, ALT and AST, creatinine both(P<0.01). This retrospective clinical study showed the CRP levels only on abscess patients may be useful in determination of clinical infected status, but the levels of other parameters on cancer, fracture patients did not showed significant values as diagnostic aids for clinical status.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.79-86
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• 1989

The is a retrospective study on the transoral approach to open reduction of the Mandibular fractures. Our study was based on a series of 64 patients with mandibular fractures among 99 patients of facial bone fractures who had been treated by transoral approach with or without extraoral approach at Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yonsei Medical Center, Yonsei University from January 1981 to October 1988. We studied favorite sites of open reduction, fixation methods, results and prognosis related to transoral approaches of Mandibular fractures, and which compared with extraoral approaches. The results obtained are as follows : 1. The transoral open reduction was used more frequently in Mandibular fractures(64.6%) than Midfacial bone fractures(35.4%). Among 64 patients of mandibular fractures, 47 patients(73.4%) were treated only by transoral approach and others(26.6%) were treated by both trans- and extra-oral approach. Among 92 sites of mandibular fractures, 75 sites(81.5%) were treated by transoral approach and 17(18.5%) were treated by extraoral approach. 2. The most favorite site for transoral approach compared with extraoral approach was Symphysis(100%), and Angle(62.5%) was next in order of frequency on Mandibular fractures. 3. Direct Interosseous Wiring(DIW) was most commonly used for fixation(64.6%) and Miniplate osteosynthesis was used next in 28.1%. 4. Simple(39.1%) and Compound(52.2%) fractures were frequently indicated for transoral approach, however comminuted fractures were rarely indicated. 5. The direction of fracture lines on Angle of the mandible did not influence to determine whether transoral approach should be selected or not. However this area seemed to be more difficult to reduce exactly by transoral procedure than other areas because simultaneous superior and inferior fixation was applied predominantly on this area. 6. The success rate of reduction and fixation analyzed from us was more excellent in Direct Interosseous Wiring(29/53=54.7%) than in Rigid Internal Fixation(9/29=31.0%). But it might be depended upon various factors as like as sugeon's skill. 7. The postoperative complication due to transoral open reduction of mandible was not high(12.0%) and this rate was similar with other published reports.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.566-574
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• 2006

Purpose : This study was performed to provide an anatomical information of the mandibular ramus for the successful inferior alveolar nerve block. Three dimensional images were reconstructed from the computerized tomography (CT) and the anatomical evaluation of the mandibular ramus was done. Materials and methods : Sixty-four patients who had been taken the facial CT scans from 2000, Jan to 2003, June was selected. The patients who had the anterior or posterior teeth misssing, edentulous ridge, and jaw fracture were excepted. In the occulusal plane, the lingual surface angle (LSA) between the mid-sagittal plane and the mandibular molar lingual surface from the 2nd premolar to the 2nd molar, the inner ramal surface angle (IRSA), the maximum inner ramal surface angle (MxIRSA), and the outer ramal surface angle (ORSA) to the-mid sagittal plane were measured. The inner ramal surface angle in the ligular tip level (IRSA-L) and the outer ramal surface angle in the ligular tip level (ORSA-L), the ramal length (RL), and the anterior ramal length (ARL) were also measured in the lingular tip level. Results : In the lingular tip level, the mean IRSA-L and ORSA-L were $28.6{\pm}6.3^{\circ}$ and $17.9{\pm}4.9^{\circ}$ respectively. The larger was the IRSA, the larger was the ORSA. In the lingular tip level, the mean ramal length was 35.8${\pm}$3.4 mm. The larger was the IRSA-L, the shorter was the ramal length. On the lingular tip level, the mean anterior ramal length from anterior ramus to lingular tip was 19.6${\pm}$3.3 mm. when the ramal length was longer, the anterior ramal length was also longer. On the lingular tip level, there was positive correlation vetween the IRSA and the ORSA, negative correlation between the IRSA and the ramal length, and positive correlation between the ramal length and the lingular tip level to the anterior ramus. There was no statistical meaning of data between sex and age. Conclusion : In the clinical view of the results so far achieved, if the direction of needle is closer to posterior it is able to contact bone on lingular tip when the internal surface of ramus is wided outer.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.157-165
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• 2008

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a topical 0.2% hyaluronic acid (HA) preparation in the management of wound after removal of arch bar for facial bone fracture and a suture site after orthognatic, oral cancer or oral surgery. Forty patients participated in a randomized, placebo controlled, double-blind trial to evaluate the efficacy of the topical HA and preparation. HA topically applied to the wound after removal of arch bar or stitch out, 3 times a day for 4 weeks. Evaluation is performed once a week for 4 weeks. For subjective evaluation, relative pain reduction in visual analog scale (VAS) and existence of heat sensation was accessed. For objective evaluation, gross evaluation, papilla index, existence of wound dehiscence, redness and swelling was checked. The same evaluation was performed in each arch bar group and suture group. For whole subject, 0.2% HA group resulted higher reduction than placebo group in pain of site in first week with significancy. Same findings were seen other weeks but there was no significancy. 0.2% HA group had better result than placebo in objective evaluation (papilla index, wound dehiscence, redness and swelling), but in gross evaluation placebo had better result than 0.2% HA group with no significancy. Subject was divided into suture group and arch bar group. Same aspect was seen, but only suture group had significancy not arch bar group in pain reduction score. 0.2% HA group resulted higher reduction than placebo group in pain of site in first week with significancy, especially in suture group. It reveals topical application of HA in wound especially suture site reduced pain in early stage. And 0.2% HA group had better result than placebo in papilla index, redness and swelling with no statistical significancy. In conclusion, HA has effect of pain reduction and healing promotion in the mucosal wound after oral surgery.