• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.117-124
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• 2011

Objectives : Bell's palsy is the most common acute facial paralysis but its causes still unclear. At present, one of the most widely accepted cause is viral infections, and generally socioeconomic factors influence the viral infections. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship of incidence of facial palsy with socioeconomic factors. Methods : Seventeen patients with a acute facial palsy, who volunteered and completed all of the assessment measures participated. Using data on 17 participants, we examined the independent contribution of education, income, and occupation to a risk factor of severe facial palsy. Severity of global facial impairment was assessed by the facial disability index (FDI), the house-brackmann facial nerve grading system, WHO quality of life - bref (WHOQOL-BREF) and visual analogue scale (VAS) about discomfort of life. Results : There was no correlation between severity of facial palsy and gender, marriage, education, or occupation. Age greater than 60 years (p<0.05), and low monthly income(p<0.05), poor self-rated health was associated with greater severity of idiopathic facial paralysis. Conclusions : The number of subjects with facial palsy in our study (n-17) was small, and therefore generalization to larger patient populations might be unwarranted. But according to the outcome, we suggest that socioeconomic factors, especially low monthly income influence severity of bell's palsy.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.27-38
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• 2006

Objectives : The aim of the present study was to evaluate Yandorak for the wide inflection and establishment of a diagnostic system. Methods : We analyzed the measurement value of Yandorak on fifty one patients with idiopathic facial paralysis and eighty four healthy persons from April 1, 2005 to March 1, 2006 by using Yangdorak(YDRAK-94N, Sord Medicom Co., Korea). Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 11.0 for Windows, Mann-Whitney test for the comparisons followed side(Right and Left), sex, palsy localization in Idiopathic facial paralysis and normal group and one-way ANOVA(Kruskal Wallis) for the comparisons followed age. p < .05 was considered significant statistically. Results The difference of the electric current value of all meridian except Bladder(BL) of normal group on both side extremity was not significant statistically, Electric current value of all meridian except Gall-Bladder(GB) was more higher in idiopathic facial paralysis group than in normal group. The measurement value of Yandorak followed sex and palsy localization were not significant statistically. Conclusion : It is suggested that the measurement value of six Hand Yang & Eum channel, Liver Meridian of Foot Gworeum(厥陰) and Stomach Meridian of Foot Yangmyeong(陽明) is more higher in idiopathic facial paralysis group than in normal group.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.199-209
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• 2008

Objectives : To explore the adverse events and safety following facial cosmetic acupuncture treatment (Miso-Acupuncture). Subjects and methods : This study was a retrospective survey of practitioner's reports. The practitioners worked as facial cosmetic acupuncturists, gave informed consent, and completed a case report form between July and November of 2007. On this form, practitioners were asked to report the degree of adverse events relating to the Miso-Acupuncture, the total safety of the treatment, and reasons patients gave for quitting treatment. The practitioners in this study were all Oriental Medicine Doctors(OMD) who had trained at the Miso-Acupuncture Academy for 40 hours we received 23 final report cases. Results : In this study, adverse events following Miso-Acupuncture treatment were mild bruising(15 ; 65.2%), bleeding(12 ; 52.2%), pain(8 ; 34.8%), fatigue(7 ; 30.4%), headache(5 ; 21.7%), and others(10 ; 43.5%). The average degree of adverse events was between mild and moderate, which needs no extra treatment. The total safety of treatment for 16 weeks was between safe and nearly safe, and there was no need to quit treatment in spite of mild adverse events. Eight patients(34.8%) quit treatment, almost all for personal reasons unrelated to the Miso-Acupuncture. Conclusions : These results suggest that the Miso-Acupuncture has no serious adverse events and is a relatively safe treatment.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.121-131
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• 2014

Objectives : This study was performed to find the relation between prognosis of peripheral facial palsy and blink reflex. Methods : Data was collected from patients who were admitted and treated by East-West Collaborative Treatment of Facial Palsy Center in Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong from January 2012 to June 2013. Patients were screened by inclusion/exclusion criteria and 163 patients' medical records were reviewed including blink reflex performed $14{\pm}2$ days after onset and House-Brackmann grade. Patients were divided into three groups, normal, delayed and absent group by blink reflex test. Trends of each recovery rate to House-Brackmann grade II and I depending on three group were analyzed at 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after onset using Linear by linear association. Results : At 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after onset, both recovery rate to House-Brackmann grade II and I had a tendency to be decreased statistically significantly in order of normal, delayed and absent group. Conclusions : We could find feasibility of blink reflex as a prognostic factor of peripheral facial palsy. Further study will be necessary.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.115-123
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• 2013

Objectives : This study was performed to confirm the usefulness of EMG and early-performed ENoG as predicting factor for facial palsy by clinical outcome. Methods : We gathered patients who visited the Facial Palsy Center in Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong between January 2010 and September 2012. We used inclusion/exclusion criteria and reviewed 231 patients' medical records including gender, age, HB grade and EMG & ENoG axonal loss. We compared the relation between EMG axonal loss and improvement degree at 4 & 6 weeks after treatment, and between ENoG axonal loss at 3-5 & 6-8 days after onset and EMG axnoal loss using regression analysis. Results : Each analysis had statistical significance, but EMG & improvement degree at 6 weeks after treatment showed statistically higher correlation than that at 4 weeks after treatment, and ENoG at 6~8 days after onset & EMG showed statistically higher correlation than that at 3~5 day after onset. Conclusions : We could get the evidence of the validity of EMG and early-performed ENoG as predicting factor for facial palsy based on collaborative treatment between Korean and western medicine.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.51-63
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• 2014

Background or Objectives : The purpose of this study is to measure surface Electromyography(sEMG) of facial muscles in normal person and to find method for standardizing of sEMG's value. Methods : We measured 3points on face, frontalis muscle($GB_{14}$), zygomaticus muscle($SI_{18}$), orbicularis oris muscle($LI_{19}$) of 40 normal person by sEMG. 40 normal person consist with two groups, each 20 male, 20 female. Average age of subject was $26.50{\pm}4.79$. SEMG instrument QEMG-4 XL was used. After training exercise of facial muscles, sEMG's root mean square value was measured once. Results : 1. In whole experimental group, frontalis muscle's both side average was $78.36{\pm}40.87$, zygomaticus muscle's both side average was $84.70{\pm}49.81$, orbicularis oris's both side average was $104.83{\pm}38.81$. 2. Left side of Frontalis muscle, both side of zygomaticus muscle are high marked in male than female in statistically. 3. In whole experimental group, average of ratio comparing smaller value with bigger value in difference between left side and right side was $19.60{\pm}12.88$ %. 4. Average of asymmetry index(AI) was $11.46{\pm}8.36$ %. orbicularis oris muscle's average of AI had least difference was $8.95{\pm}7.50$ %. zygomaticus muscle's average of AI had most difference was $13.95{\pm}8.90$ %. Conclusions : The result of this study could provide useful information of field of sEMG is used in oriental medicine treatment of facial muscles. To assess efficacy of treatment in facial muscles, we need to standardize facial muscle's sEMG values by using AI, ratio comparing values and etc.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.43-52
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• 2011

Objectives : The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of combining "Danmuji Anchu Traction technique" on acute peripheral facial paralysis. Methods : Clinical studies were done 36 patients who were treated acute peripheral facial paralysis to Dept. of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, of Oriental Medicine Hospital Dongeui University from July 10, 2009 to September 15, 2010. subjects were randomly divided into 2 groups. : Complex oriental medical treatment without "Danmuji Anchu Traction technique" treated group (Group A, n=18), Complex oriental medical treatment with "Danmuji Anchu Traction technique" treated group (Group B, n=18). All process of treatment were performed by double blinding method. To compare the effectiveness of treatment applied for two groups, we used Yanagihara's unweighed grading system at before treatment, after 1week and 2weeks of treatment. Results: The Yanagihara's Scores of Group B and Improvement Indexes of Group B were higher than those of Group A, and showed significant difference statistically. "Danmuji Anchu Traction technique" can be available for relieving symptoms related with Acute Peripheral Facial Paralysis. And there were significant differences statistically between Complex oriental medical treatment without "Danmuji Anchu Traction technique" and Complex oriental medical treatment with "Danmuji Anchu Traction technique" on Acute Peripheral Facial Paralysis. Conclusions: These results suggested that "Danmuji Anchu Traction technique" effected for Acute Peripheral Facial Paralysis.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.29-37
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• 2009

Objectives : This study was to investigate the effectiveness of Bee Venom Pharmacopuncture complex therapy on peripheral facial paralysis. Methods : We investigated 30 cases of patients with Peripheral Facial Paralysis, and devided patients into two groups : We treated one group by complex oriental medical treatment with Bee Venom Pharmacopuncture therapy, and did the other group by complex oriental medical treatment without Bee Venom pharmacopuncture therapy. To investigate the effectiveness of treatment applied for two groups, we used Gross Grading System of House-Brackmann, Yanagihara's Unweighed Grading System at baseline, 3 weeks and final. Results : 1. Male, Female is same ratio in distribution of sex, the number of left side is more than that of right side in distribution of lesion, the average age is 49.33. 2. Pain back of the ear showed the highest frequency among Bell's palsy related symptoms at onset, the overwork was a major cause of Bell's palsy in distribution of cause. 3. As a result of evaluation by using Gross Grading System of House-Brackmann, Yanagihara's Unweighed Grading System, treatment score after 3weeks was marked higher than that before treatment and treatment score after final treatment was also marked higher than that after 3weeks within each group. 4. After final treatment, Bee Venom Pharmacopuncture therapy group showed signficant difference on Gross Grading System of House-Brackmann, Yanagihara's Unweighed Grading System compared with Acupuncture therapy group. Conclusions : Bee Venom Pharmacopuncture therapy can be available for relieving symptoms related with peripheral facial paralysis.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.77-84
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• 2010

Objectives : This study was to compare the incipient grade and improvement rate between each opposite gender and part on peripheral facial nerve paralysis. Methods : We investigated 64 cases of patient with peripheral facial nerve paralysis and divided into four groups with each gender and affected part and compared their incipient grade and rate of improvement. All groups were evaluated by Yanagihara's unweighted grading system before treatment and in everyday and after treatment. Results & Conclusion : 1. There's a difference of incipient grade between each opposite affected lesion in male. But there was not significant statistics. 2. There's no difference of incipient grade between each opposite affected lesion in female. 3. There's a difference of incipient grade between each opposite gender, affected their right side. But there was not significant statistics. Left side affecting palsy is more severe than right in male, and reversed results in female. But there were not significant statistics. There's no differences between each affected lesion in female. 4. There's no differences of improvement rate between each affected lesion in female. 5. The group, affected right side had better rate of improvement than another in male. But it's not significant statistics. 6. Male group had better rate of improvement than female in both gender, affected its left lesion. But it's not significant statistics.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.237-247
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• 2001

Background : infection associated with otalgia, herpetic eruptions, facial palsy, trigeminal pain and cochleovestibular dysfunction such as hearing dishubance, tinnitus, vertigo and other symptoms, and is not frequently encountered in otolaryngologic field. And facial paralysis occured by this syndrome is rapid in onset, usually severe in degree, and poor in prognosis. Objectives : To evaluate the Oriental Medicine's treatment and prognosis of Herpes zoster oticus and to classify of peripheral Facial palsy on Oriental Medicine. Methods : Clinical observation and analysis about a case of Ramsay-Hunt syndrome III type was done, who visited Dongguk University Gangnam Hospital. This case is managed by integrated therapy of oriental and western medicine. In oriental medicine, to treate ear pain, heonggae-yeongoetang(荊芥蓮翹湯) was given and to treat herpetic eruption, 8 constitution acupuncture treatement was done. In western medicine, antiviral agent, acyclovir and steroid hormone, prednisolon were treated. Result : About 6 weeks treatment, this case which has worse prognosis than Bell's palsy, was completed cured without any complication. Conclusion : 1. Futher divided classification about non-infectious and infectious facial palsy include "Ramsay Hunt Syndrome" is needed. 2. In acute state, Jeonyohwadan's (纏腰火丹) treatement can be applied, but the difference of invasion part, primary symptom such as ear pain and herpetic eruption is needed another treatment. 3. Ear pain and herpetic eruption can be treated in part of poongyeol(風熱) and subyeol(濕熱). 4. In Acupuncture treatement, Jeonyohwadan's (纏腰火丹) treatement can be applied in acute stage and guanwasa's treatement can be applied in chronic stage. but futher research is needed. 5. This case, Ramsay Hunt Syndrome IlI type, was managed by integrated therapy such as heonggae-yeongoetang(荊芥蓮翹湯), 8 constitution acupuncture treatement, acyclovir and prednisolon and this treatement was good effect.