• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.335-345
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of fabric movement on wrinkle recovery in a clothing care system and to propose an algorithm to improve wrinkle removal performance by adjusting fabric movements. With an increase in the reciprocating speed of the movement system, the number and amplitude of curves on the fabric also increased. This allowed the fabric to be applied to a larger tension, resulting in better wrinkle removal performance at higher speeds. However, even at high reciprocating speeds, wrinkles could not be removed effectively because of nodes at a few specific locations. Based on the results of fabric movement and wrinkle recovery, a complex movement algorithm was proposed with a mixture of various reciprocation speeds. It showed a 41%p (24%→65%) improvement of wrinkle recovery when compared with the conventional algorithm that showed simple fabric movement at 180 rpm. This was because the positions of nodes and antinodes changed continuously and the force by the reciprocating motion could be applied evenly to the fabric.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2011

This paper describes the development and assessment of conductive fabric sensor for evaluating knee movement using bio-impedance measurement method. The proposed strip-typed conductive fabric sensor is compared with a dot-typed Ag/AgCl electrode for evaluating validity under knee movement condition. Subjects are composed of ten males($26.6{\pm}2.591$) who have not had problems on their knee. The strip-typed conductive fabric sensor is analyzed by correlation and reliability between a dot-typed Ag/AgCl electrode and the strip-typed conductive fabric sensor. The difference of bio-impedance between a dot-typed Ag/AgCl electrode and the strip-typed conductive fabric sensor averages $7.067{\pm}13.987\;{\Omega}$ As the p-value is under 0.0001 in 99% of t-distribution, the strip-typed conductive fabric sensor is correlated with a dot-typed Ag/AgCl electrode by SPSS software. The strip-typed conductive fabric sensor has reliability when it is compared with a dot-typed Ag/AgCl electrode because most of bio-impedance values are in ${\pm}1.96$ standard deviation by Bland-Altman Analysis. As a result, the strip-typed conductive fabric sensor can be used for assessing knee movement through bio-impedance measurement method as a dot-typed Ag/AgCl electrode. Futhermore, the strip-typed conductive fabric sensor is available for wearable circumstances, applications and industries in the near future.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.40-55
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• 2011

The purpose of this research is to review testing principle, testing design and experimental results of the four dynamic moisture movement testers. The research analyzes Moisture Manager Tester (MMT), Alambeta Instrument, Dynamic Surface Moisture Movement Tester, and Gravimetric Absorbent Testing Method based on American Society for Testing and Material (ASTM) E 96 which is an international standard testing method. Although many of researches use ASTM E 96 to measure moisture movement on a fabric, it has several weaknesses, such as long experimental time and a physical change of sample by a holder of the frame. Hence, lots of researchers have studied and developed the new measurement systems measuring moisture management on a fabric or garment and ultimately mimic heat energy and perspiration created by the human body. These moisture management systems use a variety of parameters, such as electricity, color, and sensor to measure their movement in the fabric. Through comparison with the existing tester (ASTM E 96), the research recognizes the strength and weakness in the dynamic moisture movement testers.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.9-15
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• 2006

Colors of textile products or fashionable clothing play one of the most important roles. From the point of visual cues, the realism of an image is the result of a good interaction of local light scattering or transmittance model applied. A 3-dimensional CAD software was used to construct a solid plain fabric model. In order to simulate a union fabric with different warp and filling colors, rendering was performed on the fabric model. It was demonstrated that the iridescent effect, pearl effect, or superficial color change effect of the union fabric during wearer's movement could be explained using the fabric models at inclined fabric positions during viewer's observation.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.47-53
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• 2015

Purpose: This study examined the effects of space fabric type air insole pressure differences on young adults' dynamic balance ability. Method: The subjects of this study were 17 young female adults without musculoskeletal system disease. Balance ability was measured by dividing the subjects into three groups: an experimental group which did not wear an air insole (insole-off group), an experimental group which wore an air insole to which air pressure of $0.55kg/cm^2$ was applied (insole-0.55 group), and an experimental group which wore an air insole to which air pressure of $0.75kg/cm^2$ was applied (insole-0.75 group). For dynamic balance, the subjects stood on a balance pad, and perimeter length and medium speed were measured three times. The averaged values were recorded and statistically processed. Result: There were significant differences in average speed, and the insole-0.75 group's average speed decreased compared to the insole-off group and the insole-0.55 group. Although the total movement distance did not statistically differ, the insole-75 group's movement distance decreased compared to the insole-off group and the insole-0.55 group. Conclusion: Application of a space fabric type air insole, in particular insole-0.75, was helpful in improving balance ability. This is considered to occur because the space fabric structure was conducive to decreasing sway and producing balance.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.28-41
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• 2015

Properties of textile fabrics influence the appearance, aesthetics, and performance of garment. Drape and related properties of fabrics affect profoundly the static and dynamic appearance during wearer's movement. The three dimensional shape of the folded structure often deforms with time or with subtle vibration around the fabric specimen during the drape measurement. Due to the uneven and complex nature of fabrics, the overall shape of the fabric specimen on the drape tester often becomes unstable. There is a need to understand the fundamental mechanisms of how draping may generate pleasing forms. Two drape test methods, conventional Cusick drape test, and in-built drape tester, based on a depth camera, are compared. Fabric specimens including cotton, linen, silk, wool, polyester, and rayon are investigated for the fabric drape and other physical/mechanical parameters. Drape coefficient values of fabric specimens are compared based on the final drape images, together with the intermediate 3D drape images of the specimens during elevation process of the drape tester equipped with a stepper motor system. The correlation coefficient between the data based on the two methods is reasonably high. Another advantage from the depth camera system is that it allows further analysis of three-dimensional information regarding the fabric drape shape, including the shape of nodes or crest and trough.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.160-167
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• 2002

Stretch fabrics are wide-spread for high performance clothing use with requirements of fitness and adaptability to human's movement. A newly developed 100% PET high stretch fabric has excellent properties with respect to stretch, softness, bulkiness, and apparent volume compared to PET filament fabrics. The 100% PET high stretch fabric shows advantages of a dimensional stability, dye and agent adaptability in dying and finishing process, a property of stretch recovery after washing and lower production cost than that of spandex fabric. KES-FB was used to measure mechanical properties to various directions of the fabric. This study centered on whether the 100% PET high stretch fabric is suitable to quality and shape retention of fabric by testing several properties including tensile, compression, shear, bending and surface characteristic to various measuring directions. Tensile linearity showed maximum value at $0^{\circ}$ in plain and $90^{\circ}$ in twill. Shear Stiffness of plain and twill showed maximum value equally at $45^{\circ}\;and\;135^{\circ}$. Bending rigidity showed maximum value at $0^{\circ}$ in plain and $45^{\circ}$ twill. Mean deviation of MIU showed maximum value at $0^{\circ}\;and\;90^{\circ}$ in plain and $135^{\circ}$ in twill.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.89-94
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to offer acoustical database of warp knitted fabrics by investigating frictional sound properties and physiological responses according to structural parameters such as construction, lap form, and direction of mutual guide bar movement. Fabric sounds of seven warp knitted fabrics are recorded, and Zwicker's psychoacoustic param­eters - loudness(Z), sharpness(Z), roughness(Z), and fluctuation strength(Z) - are calculated. Also, physiological responses evoked by frictional sounds of warp knitted fabrics are measured such as electroencephalogram (EEG), the ratio of high fre­quency to low frequency (HF/LF), respiration rate (RESP), skin conductance level (SCL), and photoplethysmograph (PPG). In case of constructions, frictional sound of sharkskin having higher loudness(Z) and fluctuation strength(Z) increases RESP. By lap form, open lap has louder and larger fluctuating sound than closed lap, but there aren't significant difference of physi­ological responses between open lap and closed lap. In direction of mutual guide bar movement, parallel direction evokes bigger changes of beta wave than counter direction because of its loud, rough, and fluctuating sound. Fluctuation strength(Z) and roughness(Z) are defined as important factors for predicting physiological responses in construction and mutual guide bar movement, respectively.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.103-114
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• 2011

During a wearer's movement, the apparel fabric layers collide each other in a highly complicated manner. The collision involves cloth-cloth, and cloth-body collision. The diversity of the textile fabrics, including silk, wool, cotton, and other synthetic fibers, together with the complex details of the apparel construction, makes the collision and other calculation procedure involved in the 3-dimensional clothing software system much more complicated. Therefore, there is a need to measure the behavior of the fabrics during the fabric collision cycles. In this study, as a first step, static measurements pertinent to the factors governing the appearance of the apparel fabrics were implemented. The drape profile, stiffness(Sd and Sf), tensile properties, thickness, and the air permeability were measured. The correlation between the parameters were calculated and reviewed. It is found that there is a high correlation of 0.97 between the actual fabric drape parameters and the 3D virtual fabric drape parameters. The measured drape coefficients of the fabrics show relatively good correlation with the measured fabric stiffness.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.25-34
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• 2015

TThis study explored the requirement of fabric sensor that can measure the motion of the joint effectively by measuring and analyzing the variation in electric resistance of a sensor in accordance with bending and stretching motion of the arm by the implementation of a motion sensor utilizing conductive fabric. For this purpose, on both sides of two kinds of knitted fabric, namely 'L' fabric and 'W' fabric Single Wall Carbon Nano-Tube(SWCNT) was coated, fabric sensor was developed by finishing them in a variety of ways, and the sensor was attached to the arm band. The fabric sensor consisted of total 48 cases, namely background fabric for coating, the method of sensor attachment, the number of layer of sensors, the length of sensor, and the width of sensor. The performance of fabric motion sensors in terms of a dummy arm, that is, a Con-Trex MJ with 48 arm bands around it was evaluated. For each arm band, a total of 48, fastened around the dummy arm, it was adjusted to repeat the bending and stretching at the frequency : 0.5Hz, ROM : $20^{\circ}{\sim}120^{\circ}$, the voltage was recorded for each case after conducting three sets of repeat measurement for a total of 48 cases. As a result of the experiment, and as a consequences of the evaluation and analysis of the voltage based on the uniformity of the base line of the peak-to-peak voltage(Vp-p), the uniformity of Vp-p within the same set, and the uniformity of the Vp-p among three sets, the fabric sensors that have been configured in SWCNT coated 'L' fabric / welding / two layers / $50{\times}5mm$, $50{\times}10mm$, $100{\times}10mm$, and SWCNT coated 'W' fabric / welding / two layers / $50{\times}10mm$ exhibited the most uniform and stable signal value within 5% of the total variation rate. Through all these results of the experiment, it was confirmed that SWCNT coated fabric was suitable for a sensor that can measure the human limb operation when it was implemented as a fabric sensor in a variety of forms, and the optimal sensor types were identified.