• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.565-572
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• 2014

This study was conducted to examine the antioxidant activities of extracts derived with different extraction methods (HE, hot water extraction; UE, ultrasonic extraction; and PE, pressured extraction) from Phellinuslinteus mycelium in Mori ramulus. The extraction yield of PE (7.73%) was higher than that of UE (6.03%) and of HE (5.44%). The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of PE were 9.87 g/100 g and 1.90 g/100 g, respectively. The oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) of PE ($769.63{\mu}M/g$ FW) was higher than that of HE ($622.96{\mu}M/g$ FW) and of UE ($249.06{\mu}M/g$ FW). The DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities of PE at $1,000{\mu}g/mL$ were 35.85% and 51.42%, respectively. The superoxide radical scavenging activity of PE, 29.16-93.89%, was higher than that of other extracts. The ferric-reducing antioxidant power and the reducing power of PE were $180.60-607.93{\mu}M$ and 0.14-0.51, respectively. The tyrosinase inhibition activity of PE (9.66-24.05%) improved with an increase in the treatment concentration. The antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibition activities of PE were significantly higher than those of the other extracts. In conclusion, we provided experimental evidence that Phellinus linteus mycelium extracts from Mori ramulus have potential as functional materials.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.25 no.7B
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• pp.1292-1300
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• 2000

본 논문에서는 연결지향적인 ATM 네트워크에서 비연결지향적인 데이터 전송을 효율적으로 하기 위한 방법으로 Frame-Weighted(FW) 스케줄링 기법을 제시한다. 본 방법은 기존의 GPS 계열이 갖는 셀 단위에서의 스케줄링으로 인한 낮은 효율 및 높은 셀 손실을 프레임 단위에서의 스케줄링으로 극복한다. 이를 이용하면 네트워크 내의 버퍼 점유율을 낮춤으로써 프로엠 지연을 단축하고 셀 손실을 최소화할 수 있어 데이터 전송에 효과적으로 쓰일 수 있다.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.529-536
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• 2000

This paper describes the analysis of aerodynamics and the prediction of airflow induced noise around simplified pantograph. First, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is conducted far several model to evaluate linear/nonlinear flow field characteristics due to high speed flow and the CFD results support the computational aeroacoustics. The accurate prediction of the aeroacoustic analysis is necessary for designers to control and reduce the airflow induced noise. We adopt the acoustic analogy based on Ffowcs Williams- Hawkings (FW-H) equation and predict aeroacoustic noise.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.437-442
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• 2018

The study aims to identify key players through the last five passes when entering shooting circles in Korea and top four countries participated in the Rio Olympics. First, the analysis code was created using the Sports code to analyze the 29 games including Korea and the top 4 countries among 33 games. Second, Ucinet 6 has been used to analyze the Closeness Centrality of each country. The results of the study show that Korea is a key player in No.13 FW, New Zealand in No.1 MF, Germany in No.5 DF, Netherlands in No.9 MF and U.K in No.8 MF. In particular, the two teams that advanced to the finals saw their proximity center index average over 60. Based on these results, it is expected that the analysis of women's field hockey matches will serve as a tool to identify key players.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.119-126
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• 2018

Background: The flowering plant Hippophae rhamnoides L. has been used for many studies on fruit or leaf extracts. This study was conducted to investigate the development of a new cosmetic material from H. rhamnoides fruits and leaves that have by antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and wrinkle improvement activities. Methods and Results: The antioxidant abilities of H. rhamnoides extracts, including of a water-soluble fruit powder (FW), a fatsoluble fruit powder (FF), a supercritical extract of fruit by-product (BS), and a mixture of leaf and fruit (MIX), were investigated in vitro. A DPPH radical assay for antioxidant activity was performed for these fractions alongside assay to evaluate the total phenolic and flavonoid content (TPC and TFC). As expected, the MIX had the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity ($RC_{50}=10.27{\mu}g/m{\ell}$), and the TPC and TFC also were highest in MIX ($225.7mg{\cdot}GAE/g$, and $25.18mg{\cdot}QE/g$, respectively). Nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells was estimated and the results indicated an over 75% decrease of NO production in FF and MIX. In other assays, the highest elastase inhibitory activity was found in FW. Conclusions: These results revealed that H. rhamnoides extracts have a high potential for antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiwrinkle activities. H. rhamnoides products are suggested to be applied as the functional materials of cosmetic ingredients.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.30 no.9
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• pp.1278-1284
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• 2017

Objective: To assess the potency of calcium propionate (CAP) used as silage additive, an experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of CAP on the nitrogen transformation, fermentation quality and aerobic stability of alfalfa silages. Methods: Alfalfa was ensiled with four levels of CAP (5, 10, 15, and 20 g/kg of fresh weight [FW]) in laboratory silos for 30 days. After opening, the silages were analyzed for the chemical and microbiological characteristics, and subjected to an aerobic stability test. Results: The increasing proportion of CAP did not affect pH, lactic acid (LA) concentrations and yeast counts, while linearly decreased counts of enterobacteria (p = 0.029), molds (p<0.001) and clostridia (p<0.001), and concentrations of acetic acid (p<0.001), propionic acid (p<0.001), butyric acid (p<0.001), and ethanol (p = 0.007), and quadratically (p = 0.001) increased lactic acid bacteria counts. With increasing the proportion of CAP, the dry matter (DM) loss (p<0.001), free amino acid N (p<0.001), ammonia N (p = 0.004), and non-protein N (p<0.001) contents were linearly reduced, whereas DM (p = 0.048), water soluble carbohydrate (p<0.001) and peptide N (p<0.001) contents were linearly increased. The highest Flieg's point was found in CAP10 (75.9), represented the best fermentation quality. All silages treated with CAP improved aerobic stability as indicated by increased stable hours compared with control. Conclusion: The addition of CAP can suppress the undesirable microorganisms during ensiling and exposure to air, thereby improving the fermentation quality and aerobic stability as well as retarding the proteolysis of alfalfa silage. It is suggested that CAP used as an additive is recommended at a level of 10 g/kg FW.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.62 no.1
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• pp.24-31
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• 2017

We screened the drought tolerant maize using seventeen maize genotypes from different sources, nine inbred genotypes from United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) (B73, CML103, CML228, CML277, CML322, CML69, Ki3, Ki11, and NC350), three Southeast Asian genotypes (DK9955, LVN-4, and 333), and five Korean hybrids (Cheongdaok, Gangdaok, Ilmichal, Kwangpyeongok, and Pyeonganok). We evaluated anthesis-silking interval (ASI), leaf senescence (LS), ears per plant (EPP), tassel length (TL), and fresh weight (FW) at silking date. According to ASI and LS examination, CML103 and Kill were drought tolerant genotypes, wheareas Ki3 and 333 were drought susceptible. EPP, TL, and FW differed according to drought resistance. Grain yield was correlated strongly with ASI, but moderately with LS. Difference in ASI between drought-stressed (DS) and well-watered (WW) conditions was less than three days in CML228, CML103, Cheongdaok, NC350, B73, Ki11, CML322, and Kwangpyeongok, whereas that of Ki3, Pyeonganok, and Gangdaok was more than 6.5 days. We concluded that CML228, CML103, Cheongdaok, NC350, B73, Ki11, CML322, and Kwangpyeongok are drought tolerant genotypes, whereas Ki3, Pyeonganok, and Gangdaok are drought susceptible.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.325-330
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• 2006

In order to verify the integrity of the first wall (FW) of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), the fabricated Cu/SS mock-up is tested in the JAEA Electron Beam Irradiation Test Stand (JEBIS). To fabricate the Cu/SS mock-up, CuCrZr and 316L authentic stainless steel (SS316L) are used for Cu alloy and steel, respectively The hot isostatic pressing (HIP) is used as a manufacturing method with a $1050^{\circ}C$ and 150 MPa. The high heat flux (HHF) test is performed using an electron beam with a heat flux of $5MW/m^2$ and a cycle of 15-sec on time and 30-sec off time. The temperature measurement in the HHF test shows good agreement with the results obtained from ANSYS code analysis, which is used for determining the HHF test conditions.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.108-112
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• 1996

This experiment was carried out to investigate the feeding effect of rutin (quercetin-3-o-${\beta}$-rutinoside) and ${\gamma}$-aminobutyric acid(GAB) sprayed on mulberry leaves on silkworm growth. Amount of ingest, digest and feces showed no difference statistically except rutin. Rutin made 6% increase of amount of digest, compared to the control. However, rutin or GABA decreased maximaly silkworm weight by 28% during the experimental period. GABA showed body weight loss by 15%, rutin by 7% respectively, compared to the control. Rutin and GABA extended three days larval period and extended one day mounting period and decreased 15.4% and 91% in number of mounted silkworm compared with the control, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.760-767
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• 2016

Food waste (FW) has been recognized as a critical problem in Korea and many research was conducted to efficiently utilize or treat FW. Main purpose of this research was to evaluate a feasibility for producing fermented organic fertilizer with vegetable waste (VW). Three different organic materials (saw dust, coco peat, and waste mushroom media) were mixed with VW at the rate of 30, 40, 50% respectively. Total days of composting experiment were 35 days and each sub samples were collected at every 5 days from starting of composting. Result showed that inner temperature of composting was increased to $60{\pm}4^{\circ}C$ within 5~10 days depending on varied organic materials and mixing ratio. Among different treatment, the highest increase of inner temperature was observed when 30% of saw dust was mixed with VW. After finishing composting experiment, maturity of each compost was evaluated with solvita and germination test. Maturity index (MI) of each treatment was ranged between 5~7 indicating that manufactured fertilizer was curing or finished stage. Calculated germination index (GI) was at the range of 57.83~101.16 depending on organic materials and mixing ratio. Both MI and GI showed that manufactured fertilizer was met for fertilizer criteria while control (VW only) was not adequate for composting. Overall, VW can be utilized for making organic fertilizer mixing with saw dust, coco peat and more research should be conducted to make high quality of organic fertilizer with vegetable waste.