• Mycobiology
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.233-235
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• 2008

Medicinal mushrooms, including Cordyceps militaris, have received attention in Korea because of their biological activities. In the fruiting body and in corpus of C. militaris, the total free amino acid content was 69.32 mg/g and 14.03 mg/g, respectively. In the fruiting body, the most abundant amino acids were lysine, glutamic acid, proline and threonine. The fruiting body was rich in unsaturated fatty acids, which comprised about 70% of the total fatty acids. The most abundant unsaturated acid was linoleic acid. There were differences in adenosine and cordycepin contents between the fruiting body and the corpus. The adenosine concentration was 0.18% in the fruiting body and 0.06% in the corpus, and the cordycepin concentration was 0.97% in the fruiting body and 0.36% in the corpus.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제19권11호
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• pp.1288-1294
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• 2009

We have used mutational analysis to identity four genes, MXAN3553, MXAN3554, MXAN3555, and MXAN3556, constituting an operon that is essential for normal fruiting body development in Myxococcus xanthus. Deletion of MXAN3553, which encoded a hypothetical protein, resulted in delayed fruiting body development. MXAN3554 was predicted to encode a metallopeptidase, and its deletion caused fruiting body formation to fail. Inactivation of MXAN3555, which encoded a putative NtrC-type response regulator, resulted in delayed aggregation and a severe reduction in sporulation. Fruiting bodies also failed to develop with the deletion of MXAN3556, another gene encoding a hypothetical protein.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.380-385
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• 1988

The present study was conducted to evaluate agronomic characters of the soybean germplasm which was collected from the sites covering whole areas of southern Korean peninsula. A total of 2,748 Korean native soybeans was grouped for fruiting period and in this group frequency distribution of the important agronomic characters and relationships among the characters were determined. The results obtained were summarized as follows; The soybean germplasm was comprised of SeoulㆍKyonggi-do 7.5%, Kangwon-do 13.3%, Chungchongbuk-6.6%. Chungchongnam-do 12.3%, Chollabuk-do 10.7%, Chollanam-do 12.6%, Kyongsangbuk-do 20.8%, Kyongsangnam-do 15.3% and Cheju-do 0.6% in number of collections. Frequency distribution of the germplasm for fruiting period was 0.14% in Group I (below 55 days). 1.67% in Group II (56-60 days), 10.58% in (Group III(61-65 days), 23.18% in Group IV(66-70 days), 25.91% in Group V(71-75 days) 19.79% in Group Ⅵ(76-80 days), 15.1% in Group Ⅶ(81-85 days) and 3.6% in Group Ⅷ(over 85 days). The lines over 70 days in fruiting period were as much as 64.4% of germplasm. The fruiting period varied largely from 45 days to 91 days. Fruiting period was positively correlated to seed weight, days to maturity, days to flowering, plant height and number of branches per plant, respectively. While. it was negatively correlated to number of pods, lodging and virus infectivity, repectively, and in particular negative correlation was shown significantly between yield and fruiting period. Average yield was very high as much a 1.389kg/ha in fruiting period Group I, and decreased with increment of fruiting period, 1.400kg/ha in Group II. 1.384kg/ha in Group III. 1,299kg/ha in Group IV, 1,197kg/ha in Group V, 1,117kg/ha in Group Ⅵ, 967kg/ha in Group Ⅶ and 832kg/ha in Group Ⅷ.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.134-145
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• 2023

Background: The flowering and fruiting periods play an important role in biological processes. The deciduous dipterocarp forest is an important forest type in Thailand, however the phenological studies are still limited, particularly in different plant life forms. Thus, the present study focused on the flowering and fruiting phenology of herbs, climbers, shrubs, and trees in the deciduous dipterocarp forest at Lampang province of Northern Thailand. Field visits were made to record plant life forms and observe reproductive phenological events at monthly intervals from November 2018 to October 2019 and September to December 2020. Results: The phenological observations were based on 126 species of 45 families and 102 genera. Flowering and fruiting periods showed similar patterns in herbaceous plants, climbers, and shrubs. Most of these species produced flowers and fruits from the end of the rainy season (October) to the winter season (November-January). Whereas most of flowering and fruiting trees were found from the summer season (March-April) to the beginning of the rainy season (May-June). Most of the dry-fruited species occurred during the dry period (winter and summer seasons), while the majority of fleshy-fruited species dominated in the wet period (rainy season). The statistical analysis supported the phenological patterns of flowering and fruiting in the present study. There were significant negative correlations between the number of flowering and fruiting species and temperature. The number of flowering and fruiting species is significantly impacted by the interaction between seasons and plant life forms. Conclusions: Plant life form seems to be the important factor that affects the different phenological patterns in the studied plants. The abiotic and biotic factors play major roles in reproductive phenology. However, long-term study and in-depth phenological observations are necessary for better understanding.

• Mycobiology
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.178-181
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• 2005

Cordyceps militaris specimens were continuously collected by Entomopathogenic Fungal Culture Collection (EFCC), Kangwon National University from different mountains, national parks and recreation parks of Korea from 1986 to 2002, mainly from late May to October of each year. Dry specimens of C. militaris along with their isolates have been preserved in EFCC. Fruiting of C. militaris was induced from single ascospore isolates as well as their combinations in brown rice medium. Fruiting experiments showed that combinations of single ascospore isolates produced fertile fruiting bodies, but single isolates could not produce any fruiting bodies. It was shown that two isolates of the opposite mating types were required to produce fertile stromata. However, combinations of the same mating type isolates produced no fruiting body, showing that C. militaris is a bipolar, heterothallic fungus.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2008

The environment of agriculture in Korea is changed very rapidly. Since the labours in fruit cultivation field are getting older, the resources and the aid materials for farming need to be multi functional and easy to use. Therefore, They have to use various kind of aid materials in field of fruit cultivation like as fruiting bag. The development of practical utilization way of embossing process for manufacturing of fruiting bag and wrapping paper of agricultural products was main purpose of this study. Embossing roll was designed in Ginyong Embo(Co.) for the embossing process of fruiting bag. The embossing treated fruiting bag was manufactured in Agro(Co.) at mill scale. The mechanical properties of embossing paper was investigated and operation efficiency of bagging was tested at field. The properties of embossed paper was satisfied for fruiting bags for cultivation of apple and pear.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.117-122
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• 2019

점액세균 Myxococcus stipitatus는 순수분리를 위한 농화배양 과정에서는 자연기질 표면에서 자루가 달린 구형 자실체를 형성한다. 하지만 순수 분리된 균주가 이러한 형태의 자실체를 형성하도록 하는 한천배지는 알려져 있지 않다. M. stipitatus DSM 14675 균주는 CYS 평판배지에서 반구형 자실체 유사 구조물을 형성하므로 CYS 배지 성분이 자실체 형성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 그리고 이를 기초로 M. stipitatus 세포들이 구에 자루가 달린 자실체를 형성하는 한천배지 조성을 개발하였다. 본 연구에서는 또 이와 함께 M. stipitatus DSM 14675 균주가 분산하여 성장하는 액체배지도 개발하였다.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.48-52
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• 2006

느타리는 4극성 자웅이주성으로 단포자분리주는 단핵으로 자실체를 형성하지 못하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 그러나 단포자분리주는 2종류로 구분되었는데 하나는 자실체를 완전히 형성하지 못하는 AHF형 (abortive homokaryotic fruiting, AHF) 이며, 나머지 하나는 원기형성 후 완전한 자실체로 발달하는 PHF형 (Pseudo- homokaryotic fruiting, PHF)이었다. 느타리 8개 계통으로부터 단포자분리주 155개를 얻어 단핵체 자실체를 유도하여 이중에서 102개임성체를 얻었으며, 이는 65.8%에 해당되었다. 단핵 자실체는 이핵체 모균주에 비해 대부분 자실체가 빈약하였으나 일부 모균주와 유사한 크기의 자실체도 발생하였다. 이들 단핵 임성균주를 이용하여 계통간 교잡조합 11개에서 535 교잡체와 비임성균주간 교잡체 79개를 얻어 톱밥병재배를 하여 자실체 생산력을 모균주와 조사 비교하였다. 자실체 생육일수는 임성주가 비임성주간 교잡 집단에 비해 빨랐다. 병당 유효경수는 임성체간 교잡주가 모균주나 비임성교잡체보다 많았으며, 대길이도 두 집단에 비해 길었다. 그러나 대굵기와 자실체 개체중은 3개 집단간 거의 차이가 없었다. 단핵 임성체간 교잡주 집단의 병당 자실체 수량이 비임성간과 모균주 집단보다 높은 경향이었다. 모균주 집단의 자실체 수량지수를 100으로 하였을 때 임성체간 교잡체 집단은 105, 비임성간 교잡체 집단은 86으로 나타났다. 특히 $2194{\times}2344$ 조합은 59.95%, $2194{\times}2730$ 조합은 27.39%, $1982{\times}2504$ 조합은 22.43% 양친균주보다 자실체 수량이 증수되는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 단핵 임성체를 이용한 우수 균주개발 가능성은 높다고 할 것이다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.100-106
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• 2012

Interest in commercial cultivation and product development of Cordyceps species has shown a recent increase. Due to its biochemical and pharmacological effects, Cordyceps militaris, commonly known as orange caterpillar fungus, is being investigated with great interest. Cultivation of C. militaris has been practiced on a large scale in order to fulfill a demand for scientific investigation and product development. Isolates of C. militaris can be easily established from both spores and tissue. For isolation of spores, ascospores released from mature stromata are trapped in sterile medium. Multi-ascospore isolates, as well as combinations of single ascospore strains, are used for production of fruiting bodies. Progeny ascospore strains can be isolated from artificial fruiting bodies, thus, the cycle of fruiting body production can be continued for a long period of time. In this study, we examined fruiting body production from multi-ascospore isolates and their progeny strains for three generations. $F_1$ progeny strains generally produced a larger number of fruiting bodies, compared with their mother multi-ascospore isolates; however, $F_2$ and $F_3$ progeny strains produced fewer fruiting bodies. Optimum preservation conditions could help to increase the vitality of the progeny strains. In order to retain the fruiting ability of the strains, further testing of various methods of preservation and different methods for isolation should be performed.

• Mycobiology
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.30-33
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• 2006

To screen additives and their mixed ratio suitable for the mycelial growth and fruiting body formation of Oudemansiella radicata in the oak sawdust, additives such as rice bran, fermented soybean powder and wheat bran were used. Generally, the mycelial growth of O. radicata has been stable on oak sawdust mixed with rice bran of $5{\sim}20%$. In case that O. radicata was cultured for about 30 days at $22{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ under the illumination (350 lux) of 12 hours and moisture condition of $90{\pm}5%$, the primordia have been formed gradually from red-brown crusts covering the surface of oak sawdust media. Based on the experimental results from 9 strains of O. radicata, fruiting bodies were produced widely on oak sawdust medium mixed with rice bran of 5 to 30%. Even though fruiting bodies of O. radicata have been produced well on oak sawdust media mixed with rice bran, fruiting bodies of O. radicata were produced intensively on oak sawdust media mixed with rice bran of 10%. Therefore, this result will provide a basic information for commercial production of fruiting body of wild O. radicata. This result is the first report associated with an artificial fruiting body formation of O. radicata in Korea.