• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.57-64
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• 2004

In order to decrease the area damaged by forest fires and to prevent the occurrence of forest fires, the forest fire danger rating system was developed to estimate forest fire risk by means of weather, topography, and forest type. Forest fires occurrence prediction needs to improve continually. Logistic regression and spatial analysis was used in developing the forest fire occurrence probability model. The forest fire danger index in accordance to the probability of forest fire occurrence was used in the classification of forest fire occurrence risk regions.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.109 no.3
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• pp.341-349
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• 2020

This study analyzed the effectiveness of the forest education program for teacher training. The training program was conducted at the National Center for Forest Activities, in Hoengseong, Korea in August 2017. Presurveys and postsurveys were administered to 46, K-12 teachers who participated in the forest education program. The results showed a statistically significant increase in the teachers' environmental sensitivity, eco-friendly teaching attitude, and teacher efficacy after the program. Survey participants expressed a slightly lower confidence in terms of teacher efficacy after participating in the program. This confirms the need for a training program with a focus on practical teaching skills, which would help teachers become more confident in providing forest education. This study verifies the effectiveness of the forest education program for teachers, who play an important role in developing students' environmental sensitivity and eco-friendly attitude. Furthermore, it suggests the need to develop more effective forest education programs for teacher training.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.95 no.6
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• pp.690-695
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• 2006

This study was carried out to develop a system for forest resources inventory using PDA. The Forest Inventory Software running on PDA was developed based on a Forest Resources Inventory Method by Korea Forestry Service and 4th National Forest Inventory Method. The forest inventory data stored in PDA contains sea level and GPS positioning data. Forest inventory input items are 34 tree species, 18 diameter class by each tree species, number of trees, tree height per each diameter class, thickness of bark, and annual growth of tree. Application test of the software with the forest workers shorted that, hours of forest works were remarkably reduced. It is possible to do forest inventory effectively using Forest Inventory Software developed by this study. Therefore, investigation and management expenses can be reduced and labor productivity will be improved.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.199-212
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• 2008

Mycelial expansion and fruit body development of caterpillar fungi, Cordyceps sobolifera(Hill.) Berk. et Br. was examined on various carbon and nitrogen sources, some substrates with various supplements. Best temperature for the mycelial expansion was $25^{\circ}C$, while optimal pH was 7. Glucose and polypeptone were the best sources of carbon and nitrogen, respectively, as well as 1:1 was the best ratio of carbon and nitrogen. The unpolish rice and bean curd lees were used as core substrates combined individually with five various supplements. In substrates based, all the supplements with all combinations were found to exhibit the mycelial growth and fruit body formation. Likewise, yolk was found as a superior supplement and also clarified quite high polysaccharide content in the fruit body.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.107 no.4
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• pp.446-455
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• 2018

With respect to the quantity, quality and social value of forest jobs, we have developed three major criteria and 11 indicators for evaluating decent forest jobs. The importance and weighted value of the criteria and indicators were investigated through a survey which was conducted on 50 experts involved in Governmental Forest Job Committee, academic and different groups of communities. The 35 experts responded to the survey chose the 'job creation potential' as the most important criterion, and they recognized the 'job quality' has a relatively higher importance than the 'social contribution'. The survey results showed that 'political will' and 'job security' have the highest weighted values among indicators while 'wage level' has the lowest value. The developed criteria and indicators are able to be used as a means of evaluating degree of decent forest jobs for both new and existing jobs.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.707-718
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• 2021

Background and objective: Due to the recent crisis of extinction in local areas, the mountain village promotion policy is recognized as an important task. This study examined the priorities of major policy projects in the forest sector that affect mountain village promotion. Methods: For research methods, literature search, expert advisory meetings, and a survey were conducted. The survey was conducted on 42 policy stakeholders from June 1 to August 13, 2021. The literature search was based on policy projects in the forest sector by 8 upper-level local governments including mountain villages. For questionnaire items, 173 forest policy projects were classified into 27 types through expert review, and the importance and performance of each type were rated on a 5-point Likert scale. Paired t-test, IPA, Locus for Focus model, and Borich needs assessment were used as the analysis methods, and the statistical program SPSS 21.0 was used as the analytical tool. Results: The results showed that 'creating forest-related jobs' and 'supporting cultivation of professional forestry workers' both showed high importance and performance, implying that they would show an effect in mountain village promotion. 'Creating forests for environmental improvement', 'discovering forest cultural assets' 'establishing and boosting forest tourism', 'providing forest therapy services', 'creating forest-related jobs', 'supporting community revitalization', and 'urban-rural exchanges' were found to be the types that needed improvement and concentration for mountain village promotion. In particular, 'creating forests for environmental improvement' and 'discovering forest cultural assets' were derived as priority considerations for mountain village promotion policies. Conclusion: In summary, it was found that in order to promote mountain villages, various content projects must be improved and carried out to enhance the physical environment and revitalize mountain villages.

• New & Renewable Energy
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.1-9
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• 2022

This study analyzed the anticipated supply-and-demand of forest biomass energy (through wood pellets) until 2050, in South Korea. Comparing the utilization rates of forest resources of five countries (United Kingdom, Germany, Finland, Japan, and S. Korea), it was found that S. Korea does not nearly utilize its forest resources for energy purposes. The total demand for wood pellets in S. Korea (based on a power generation efficiency of 38%) was predicted to be 3,629 and 4,371 thousand tons in 2034 and 2050, respectively. The anticipated total wood pellet power generation ratio to target power consumption is 1.13% (5,745 GWh), 1.17% (6,336 GWh), and 1.25% (7,631 GWh) in 2020, 2030, and 2050, respectively. Low value-added forest residues left unattended in forests are called "Unused Forest Biomass" in S. Korea. From the analysis, the total annual potential amount of raw material, sustainably collectible amount, and available amount of wood pellet in 2050 were estimated to be 6,877, 4,814, and 3,370 thousand tons, respectively. The rate of contribution to Nationally Determined Contributions was up to 0.64%. Through this study, the authors found that forest biomass energy will contribute to a carbon neutral society in the near future at the national level.

• Mycobiology
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.26-35
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• 2023

The diversity of A mating type in wild strains of Lentinula edodes was extensively analyzed to characterize and utilize them for developing new cultivars. One hundred twenty-three A mating type alleles, including 67 newly discovered alleles, were identified from 106 wild strains collected for the past four decades in Korea. Based on previous studies and current findings, a total of 130 A mating type alleles have been found, 124 of which were discovered from wild strains, indicating the hyper-variability of A mating type alleles of L. edodes. About half of the A mating type alleles in wild strains were found in more than two strains, whereas the other half of the alleles were found in only one strain. About 90% of A mating type combinations in dikaryotic wild strains showed a single occurrence. Geographically, diverse A mating type alleles were intensively located in the central region of the Korean peninsula, whereas only allele A17 was observed throughout Korea. We also found the conservation of the TCCCAC motif in addition to the previously reported motifs, including ATTGT, ACAAT, and GCGGAG, in the intergenic regions of A mating loci. Sequence comparison among some alleles indicated that accumulated mutation and recombination would contribute to the diversification of A mating type alleles in L. edodes. Our data support the rapid evolution of A mating locus in L. edodes, and would help to understand the characteristics of A mating loci of wild strains in Korea and help to utilize them for developing new cultivars.

• Atmosphere
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.61-72
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• 2023

Accurate estimation of forest carbon stocks is important in establishing greenhouse gas reduction plans. In this study, we estimate the spatial distribution of forest carbon stocks using machine learning techniques based on high-resolution remote sensing data and detailed field survey data. The high-resolution remote sensing data used in this study are Landsat indices (EVI, NDVI, NDII) for monitoring vegetation vitality and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) data for describing topography. We also used the forest growing stock data from the National Forest Inventory (NFI) for estimating forest biomass. Based on these data, we built a model based on machine learning methods and optimized for Korean forest types to calculate the forest carbon stocks per grid unit. With the newly developed estimation model, we created forest carbon stocks maps and estimated the forest carbon stocks in South Korea. As a result, forest carbon stock in South Korea was estimated to be 432,214,520 tC in 2020. Furthermore, we estimated the loss of forest carbon stocks due to the Donghae-Uljin forest fire in 2022 using the forest carbon stock map in this study. The surrounding forest destroyed around the fire area was estimated to be about 24,835 ha and the loss of forest carbon stocks was estimated to be 1,396,457 tC. Our model serves as a tool to estimate spatially distributed local forest carbon stocks and facilitates accounting of real-time changes in the carbon balance as well as managing the LULUCF part of greenhouse gas inventories.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.36-43
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• 2007

This study was carried out to know how erosion control function of forests varies as forests develop in watersheds. The erosion control function among the forest welfare functions can be estimated by comparing sediment yield in stocked with non-stocked area. Sediment yield of reservoirs in stocked area were collected from farmland improvement associations. The sediment yields in non-stocked area were using USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) in the same reservoirs. Forests' erosion control function estimated by differences of the sediment yield between stocked and non-stocked area was static model because of no consideration on forest aging. Dynamic model was developed to consider a forest stand age. The model comprises the relationship between average forest age in watershed and sediment yield. The amount of sediment yield was different depending mother rocks. It decreased exponentially according to the forest's grow up. In case of igneous rock, the volume of sediment yield $Y_{ig}=1.4431e\;^{0.023x}$(x=average forest age), metamorphic rock $Y_{me}=4.7115e\;^{0.0694x}$, and sedimentary rock $Y_{se}=1.2808e\;^{0.028x}$.