• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.48-53
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• 2000

This study was carried out to investigate the growth characteristics and propagation methods of Prunus species as woody landscape plants. Both the flowering time and the survival rate of grafting were investigated. The results are obtained as follows: The total of flowering period of Prunus species in Kyonggi province area lasted for about 26 days. The flowering time of the species overlaps. These observations suggest that the possibility of interspecific pollination among Prunus species is very high in the kyonggi province area. The total number of flowers in the species in area was in as follows decreasing order : (1) Prunus yedoensis >Prunus pendula var. ascendens > Prunus subhitella > Prunus sesrulata for. fugenzo > Prunus leveillenana var. pendula. The number of carpels in each flower ranged from 0.3 for Prunus subhirtella to 1.8 for Prunus serulata for. fugenzo. In the caseof Prunus sesrulata for. fugenzo, the carpels appeared to be degenerated and thus losted their function. However, there exist two tyoes of Prunus subhirtella. While one type had normal carpel, the other had the degenerated one. The survival rate of grafting was investigated on May 19. Eighty there percent of the plants survived when the grafting was made in the greenhouse in January whereas the plants grafted in nursery in March survived less in that Prunus suhirtella showed 64%, Prunus leveilleana var. pendula 47%, Prunus sesrulata for. fugenzo 43%, Prunus yedoensis 62% and Prunus pendula var. ascendens 24%, respectively. Therefore, it suggested that high humidity and optimal temperature appeared to incase the survival rate of the grated plants. We therefore propose here that grafting should be done in the greenhouse that both humidity and temperature could be controlled to enhance the efficiency of grafting. This will enable as to perform grafting in winter as well.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.23 no.9
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• pp.1573-1581
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• 2014

This study was conducted to examine the effect of LED light quality and supplemental LED light on growth and flowering for potted flowering plant of Kalanchoe. 1. Plant height of Kalanchoe was enhanced under Red, regardless of treatment time. 2. Root length and stem diameter of Kalanchoe were enhanced by Red+Blue. 3. The number of internodes was not influenced by LED light quality. Length of flower stalk of Kalanchoe increased under Red+Blue, but treatment time did not result in statistically significant differences. 4. Leaf area was not influenced by LED light quality in Kalanchoe. 5. The number of flower buds and open flowers was decreased by LED light treatment, but days to flowering was reduced by Red+Blue for 4 hr after sunset in Kalanchoe. 6. Chlorophyll and anthocyanin content was not significantly affected by LED light treatment, but anthocyanin content tended to increase by Blue 4 hr after sunset. 7. Fresh and dry weight did not increased by LED light treatment in Kalanchoe.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.171-175
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• 2000

This study was carried out to obtain the basic informations on the flowering habit, pollination patterns and seed setting in Astragalus membranaceus. The first flowering appeared at the 20-22 node on main stem and there is the indeterminate inflorescence that the flowering progress developed toward the tip of the main stem and also toward the tips of branches. According to the flowering time, the number of peduncles were increased in early of Aug. Then, the number of bearing pods and that of seed setting were increased at that time. The length of peduncles with small flower was 6.6-7.3cm, and the number of small flowers were 13-17 per peduncles. The percentage of seed setting was 30-45% per peduncles and seeds were 4.8-5.3 per pod in peduncles. On 30 days after pollination, the pod was developed with the length about 3.8cm and the width about 8mm and the seeds were 7.3per pod. According to pollination treatment, wrapping sotted no seeds and the artificial pollination sotted seeds . about 5% in late of jul. to late of Aug. but increased about 13% of seed set after early of Sep. in A. membranaceus.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.344-345
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• 1999

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of a growth retardant uniconazole treatment time on the growth and flowering of Cymbidium Pine Clash 'Moon Venus' and Cym. Green Sour 'A One' in order to develop a substitutional technique on the highland cultivation. Leaf growth of both cultivars was more remarkably reduced by earlier uniconazole treatment time and growth reduction of 'A One' was more remarkable than 'Moon Venus'. Flowering time of 'Moon Venus' treated with uniconazole at May 7 and 27 was accelerated by 5 and 6 days respectively. Moreover, the number of inflorescences and florets showed a tendency to increase. However there was no difference in flowering time of 'A One' among treatments but there was a tendency to decrease in the number of inflorescences and florets by uniconazole treatment. In both cultivars, there was no difference among treatments in the length and width of lower sepal which represent the floret size.

• BMB Reports
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.1083-1089
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• 2007

The HAP complex has been found in many eukaryotic organisms. HAP recognizes the CCAAT box present in the promoters of 30% of all eukaryotic genes. The HAP complex consists of three subunits - HAP2, HAP3 and HAP5. In this paper, we report the biological function of the AtHAP3b gene that encodes one of the HAP3 subunits in Arabidopsis. Compared with wild-type plants, hap3b-1 and hap3b-2 mutants exhibited a delayed flowering time under long-day photoperiod conditions. Moreover, the transcription levels of FT were substantially lower in the mutants than in the wild-type plants. These results imply that AtHAP3b may function in the control of flowering time by regulating the expression of FT in Arabidopsis. In a subsequent study, AtHAP3b was found to be induced by osmotic stress. Under osmotic stress conditions, the hap3b- 1 and hap3b-2 mutants flowered considerably later than the wild-type plants. These results suggest that the AtHAP3b gene plays more important roles in the control of flowering under osmotic stress in Arabidopsis.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.895-898
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• 2010

A new light pink spray-mum, 'Noble ND' was bred by crossing 'Mona Lisa', a white anemone type flower, and 'Dark Weldon', a pink anemone type flower in October, 2004. The growth and flowering characteristics were investigated in forcing, natural, and retarding cultures from 2006 to 2007. The 'Noble ND' was a medium-flowering fall-mum with light pink anemone type flower and had 9.2 flowers per stem, with 4.8 cm flower diameter in natural culture. The number of days to flowering and flowers per plant was 57 and 7.4, respectively, in forcing culture of 'Noble ND', whereas the number of days to flowering was 48 in retarding culture.

• The Journal of Natural Sciences
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.63-71
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• 1998

This research was conducted to control flowering of azalea (Rhododendron spp.) by shading, chilling and gibberellin treatments. Higher shading among treatments resulted in extended duration of flowering (DF) and increased number of flowers (NF) in all varieties tested. Number of days to flower (NDF) was increased in 'Ripple' by shading treatment, but this was not affected in other was vice verse in 'Reinhold Ambrosia' resulting in decreased NDF. Chilling treatment followed by high shading increased NDF and shortened DF in 'Inga' and 'Ripple', but that extended NDF and DF and increased NF in 'Reinhold Ambrosia'. In flowering response to $GA_3$ resulted in decreased NDF and increased NF. These results indicated that treatments of shading, chilling and gibberellin to azalea extended DF and increased NF, but NDF appeared different according to varieties.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.73-76
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• 2010

A new light pink spray-mum, 'Brown ND' was bred by crossing between 'Noeul', a yellow anemone type flower, and 'Dalma', a pink anemone type flower in October 2003. The growth and flowering characteristics were investigated in forcing, natural, and retarding cultures from 2005 to 2007. The 'Brown ND' was a medium-flowering fall-mum with light pink anemone type flower and had 10.6 flowers per stem, 4.1 cm diameter of flower in natural culture. The number of days to flowering and flowers per plant was 59 and 9.1, respectively, in forcing culture of 'Brown ND' whereas the number of days to flowering was 49 in retarding culture.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.142-146
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• 2010

'Arirang', an early-flowering pure white gladiolus with purple core, was released by the National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science (NIHHS) in 1998. The selection was derived from the cross between the progenies of the early flowering dark orange 'Arianne' and bright red domestic cultivars 'Hongkwang'. The breeding was conducted in 1993 and finally selected in 1998 after five (5) years (1994 to 1998) of experimentation. 'Arirang' is a cut flower with bright white color petals and purple core which exhibited early flowering and vigor without stem bending. These can be cultivated in areas or regions with strong winds during summer. 'Arirang' has a very firm growth form and sturdy branches which do not bend when planted in the open fields. Likewise, the plant had high tolerance to flooding and resistance hence could grow vigorously in open areas. It is a fast- growing plant which exhibits high corm production rate. 'Arirang' had a 10.5 cm wide flower and 140 cm plant height. During summer, the average number of days to flowering was recorded at 75 days of 'Arirang'. Top dressing must be conducted once or twice during corm production to enhance corm quality and quantity.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.77-81
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• 2010

A new white spray-mum, 'White Ball' was bred by crossing between 'Stallion', a white anemone type flower, and 'Hyangno', an anemone type with pink petals in October 2003. The growth and flowering characteristics were investigated in forcing, natural, and retarding cultures from 2005 to 2007. The 'White Ball' was a medium-flowering fall-mum with white anemone type flower and had 16.2 flowers per stem, 3.6 cm diameter of flower in natural culture. The number of days to flowering and flowers per plant was 58.5 and 11.9, respectively, in forcing culture of 'White Ball' whereas the number of days to flowering was 54 in retarding culture.