• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.555-568
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• 2014

On the basis of the theory of a falling shadow and fuzzy sets, the notion of a falling fuzzy BCI-commutative ideal of a BCI-algebra is introduced. Relations between falling fuzzy BCI-commutative ideals and falling fuzzy ideals are given. Relations between fuzzy BCI-commutative ideals and falling fuzzy BCI-commutative ideals are provided. Characterizations of a falling fuzzy BCI-commutative ideal are established, and conditions for a falling fuzzy (closed) ideal to be a falling fuzzy BCI-commutative ideal are considered.

• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.251-262
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• 2012

Based on the theory of a falling shadow which was first formulated by Wang([14]), a theoretical approach of the ideal structure in BH-algebras is established. The notions of a falling subalgebra, a falling ideal, a falling strong ideal, a falling $n$-fold strong ideal and a falling translation ideal of a BH-algebra are introduced. Some fundamental properties are investigated. Relations among a falling subalgebra, a falling ideal and a falling strong ideal, a falling $n$-fold strong ideal are stated. A relation between a fuzzy subalgebra/ideal and a falling subalgebra/ideal is provided.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.135-144
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• 2012

falling subalgebra/ideal of a BCK/BCI-algebra is introduced. Relations between falling subalgebras and falling ideals are given. Relations between fuzzy subalgebras/ideals and falling sub-algebras/ideals are provided. A characterization of a falling ideal is established.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.125-133
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• 2012

Relations among falling fuzzy ideals, falling fuzzy implicative ideals, falling fuzzy positive implicative ideals and falling fuzzy commutative ideals are considered. Characterizations of falling fuzzy positive implicative ideals and other related ideals are discussed.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.42-50
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• 2018

The majority of existing falling recognition techniques provide service by recognizing only that the falling occurred. However, it is important to recognize not only the occurrence of falling but also the situation before and after the falling, as well as the location of the falling. In this paper, we design and propose the falling notification service system to recognize and provide service. This system uses the acceleration sensor of the smartphone to recognize the occurrence of a falling and the situation before and after the falling. In order to check the location of falling, GPS sensor data is used in the Google Map API to map to the map. Also, a crosswalk map converted into grid-based coordinates based on the longitude and latitude of the crosswalk is stored, and the locations before and after falling are mapped. In order to reduce the connection speed and server overload for real-time data processing, fog computing and cloud computing are designed to be distributed processing.

• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.41-50
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• 2011

Based on the theory of falling shadows and fuzzy sets, the notion of a falling fuzzy commutative ideal of a BCK-algebra is introduced. Relations between falling fuzzy commutative ideals and falling fuzzy ideals are investigated.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.117-125
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• 2006

Purpose: The objectives of this study were to explore the relationships between the fear of falling and daily activities, and physical functioning of older people in community. Method: A descriptive study design was used in this study. 295 people aged over 65 and living in community participated. Data of demographic characteristics, fear of falling, activity daily living, physical functioning were collected. Result: 13.2% of the participants reported that they have falling accident last one year. 75.6% of participants reported fear of falling. 67.7% of them expressed restricting activity because of fear of falling. There were no significant relationship between fear of falling and BADL(Basic Activity Daily Living) but fear of falling and IADL(Instrumental Activity Daily Living) were related. It was also found that older people with higher fear of falling expressed more pain and uncomfortable feelings especially on their lower body and had higher scores of morbidity of neurologic diseases such as neuralgia and cerebrovascular diseases. Conclusion: There were significant relationships between fear of falling and IADL, and physical functioning on lower body, and morbidity of neurologic diseases such as neuralgia and cerebrovascular diseases.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.215-226
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• 2011

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the fear of falling of stroke patients and identify factors affecting the fear of falling. Method: For basic data, structured questionnaires were used for 137 stroke patients in hospitals in B city sampled for this study from June to August, 2010. Results: A multiple regression analysis used to identify variables affecting the fear of falling of stroke patients indicates that the most affecting variable was activities of daily living (${\beta}$=-.558), followed by self-efficacy of falling (${\beta}$=-.223), primary caregiver (${\beta}$=-.118), perception of health (${\beta}$=-.128) and drunken status (${\beta}$=-.108). Total variance explained by activities of daily living, self-efficacy of falling, the primary caregiver, perception of health and drunken status was 81.2% (F=70.845, $R^2$=.812). Conclusion: As discussed above, the factors significantly affecting the fear of falling in stroke patients were activities of daily living and self-efficacy of falling. Therefore, in order to reduce fear of falling of stroke patients and prevent falling, it is suggested that programs should be developed that will improve self-efficacy of falling and daily living activities.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.11-22
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to find the influence of Chinese falling-rising tone on the pitch pattern of corresponding Sino-Korean words delivered by Chinese learners of Korean and to examine how the falling-rising tone of corresponding Chinese words affect the pitch patterns of Sino-Korean words. The scope of this research is limited to Chinese learners of Korean, especially when they pronounce same-form-same-meaning Sino-Korean words. In this study, Chinese learners pronounced both Chinese words and corresponding Sino-Korean words. Learners' pitch patterns were recorded and analyzed using software and compared with the tone of corresponding Chinese words. Experimental results showed that Sino-Korean words were affected by Chinese 'falling-rising tone - high and level tone' when they started with lenis sounds. On the other hand, when Sino-Korean words started with aspirated sounds they were affected by Chinese 'falling-rising tone - high and level tone', 'falling-rising tone - falling-rising tone', and 'falling-rising tone - falling tone'. In conclusion, the Chinese learners' pitch patterns of Sino-Korean words are affected by Chinese falling-rising tone, especially when Sino-Korean words start with aspirated sounds.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the difference between the faller and the non-faller in the test for balance and fear of falling. This was also done to determine whether the balance and the fear of falling are correlated in the elderly. Method: Forty eight subjects participated in this study, who attended the senior center in Daegu. Prior to the test, demographic data was collected. As for the balance test, Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Timed Up & Go (TUG), Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), Functional Reach Test (FRT), and One Leg Stance (OLS) were used. For measuring the fear of falling, Falls Efficacy Scale (FES) and Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC) were used. Independent t-test and Pearson's correlation was performed using PASW 18.0 for windows. Result: All balance tests, except OLS, and fear of falling could discriminate between the faller and the non-faller. There existed a significant correlation between some balance test and fear of falling (r=0.64~0.86). Conclusion: The findings indicate that assessing the falling in the elderly, there needs to be a consideration of multiple aspects including the fear of falling and not only the balance test.