• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
• /
• v.42 no.2 s.332
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2005

An area-efficient DC-DC voltage up-converter in a poly-Si TFT technology for system-on-glass is described which provides low-ripple output. The voltage up-converter is composed of charge-pumping circuit, comparator with threshold voltage mismatch compensation, oscillator, buffer, and delay circuit for multi-phase clock generation. The low ripple output is obtained by multi-phase clocking without increasing neither clock frequency nor filtering capacitor The measurement results have shown that the ripple on the output voltage with 4-phase clocking is 123mV, while Dickson and conventional cross-coupled charge pump has 590mV and 215mV voltage ripple, respectively, for $Rout=100k\Omega$, Cout-100pF, and fclk=1MHz. The filtering capacitor required for 50mV ripple voltage is 1029pF and 575pF for Dickson and conventional cross-coupled structure, for Iout=100uA, and fclk=1MHz, while the proposed multi-phase clocking DC-DC converter with 4-phase and 6-phase clocking requires only 290pF and 157pF, respectively. The efficiency of conventional and the multi-phase clocking DC-DC converter with 4-phase clocking is $65.7\%\;and\;65.3\%$, respectively, while Dickson charge pump has $59\%$ efficiency.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.53 no.4
• /
• pp.391-398
• /
• 2014

This study investigated inhibitory doses of electron beam and X-ray irradiation by comparing their effects on the development and reproduction of four insect pests (Myzus persicae, Tetranychus urticae, Liriomyza trifolii, and Frankliniella intonsa). When M. persicae nymphs were irradiated with 100 Gy of electron beam and 30 Gy of X-ray beam, offspring production by adults that developed from the treated nymphs was completely inhibited. When M. persicae adults were irradiated with 200 Gy of electron beam and 50 Gy of X-ray beam, emergence of the $F_1$ generation was inhibited. However, these two ionizing radiations did not affect adult longevity. When T. urticae eggs were irradiated with 150 Gy of electron beam and 50 Gy of X-ray beam, egg hatching was completely inhibited. When L. trifolii pupae were irradiated, the emergence rate decreased with increasing doses of X-ray irradiation. After F. intonsa adults were irradiated with 250 Gy of electron beam and 200 Gy of X-ray beam, egg hatching of the $F_1$ generation was completely suppressed.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.1313-1323
• /
• 2016

To study the full health effects of parental radiation exposure on the children of the atomic bomb survivors, the Radiation Effects Research Foundation developed a cohort of 76,814 children born to atomic bomb survivors (F1 generation) to assess cancer incidence and mortality from common adult diseases. In analyzing radiation-associated health information, it is important to be able to adjust for sociodemographic and lifestyle variations that may affect health. In order to gain this and other background information on the F1 cohort and to determine willingness to participate in a related clinical study, the F1 Mail Survey Questionnaire was designed with questions corresponding to relevant health, sociodemographic, and lifestyle indicators. Between the years 2000 and 2006, the survey was sent to a subset of the F1 Mortality Cohort. A total of 16,183 surveys were completed and returned: 10,980 surveys from Hiroshima residents and 5,203 from Nagasaki residents. The response rate was 65.6%, varying somewhat across parental exposure category, city, gender, and year of birth. Differences in health and lifestyle were noted in several variables on comparison across city and gender. No major differences in health, lifestyle, sociodemographics, or disease were seen across parental exposure categories, though statistically significant tests for heterogeneity and linear trend revealed some possible changes with dose. The data described herein provide a foundation for studies in the future.

• Animal Bioscience
• /
• v.35 no.4
• /
• pp.511-516
• /
• 2022

Objective: A genomic region associated with a particular phenotype is called quantitative trait loci (QTL). To detect the optimal F₂ population size associated with QTLs in native chicken, we performed a simulation study on F₂ population derived from crosses between two different breeds. Methods: A total of 15 males and 150 females were randomly selected from the last generation of each F₁ population which was composed of different breed to create two different F₂ populations. The progenies produced from these selected individuals were simulated for six more generations. Their marker genotypes were simulated with a density of 50K at three different heritability levels for the traits such as 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5. Our study compared 100, 500, 1,000 reference population (RP) groups to each other with three different heritability levels. And a total of 35 QTLs were used, and their locations were randomly created. Results: With a RP size of 100, no QTL was detected to satisfy Bonferroni value at three different heritability levels. In a RP size of 500, two QTLs were detected when the heritability was 0.5. With a RP size of 1,000, 0.1 heritability was detected only one QTL, and 0.5 heritability detected five QTLs. To sum up, RP size and heritability play a key role in detecting QTLs in a QTL study. The larger RP size and greater heritability value, the higher the probability of detection of QTLs. Conclusion: Our study suggests that the use of a large RP and heritability can improve QTL detection in an F₂ chicken population.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.249-255
• /
• 2024

Advancements in deep learning have enhanced vision-based aggregate analysis. However, further development and studies have encountered challenges, particularly in acquiring large-scale datasets. Data collection is costly and time-consuming, posing a significant challenge in acquiring large datasets required for training neural networks. To address this issue, this study introduces a simulation that efficiently generates the necessary data and labels for training neural networks. We utilized a genetic algorithm (GA) to create optimized lists of aggregates based on the specified values of weight and particle size distribution for the aggregate sample. This enabled sample data collection without conducting sieving tests. Our evaluation of the proposed simulation and GA methodology revealed errors of 1.3% and 2.7 g for aggregate size distribution and weight, respectively. Furthermore, we assessed a segmentation model trained with data from the simulation, achieving a promising preliminary F1 score of 78.18 on the actual aggregate image.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
• /
• v.1 no.3
• /
• pp.231-247
• /
• 1986

Age specific characteristics in Korean diet and their changes were analyzed with the demand model including the number of family members by age group as independent vasiables Urban household budget data, 773 household data in 1977 and 947 household data in 1983, was applied to the demand model. A series of F-test was carried out to set up the age groups by food item. The main results can be summarized as follows; 1. Food consumption patterns are remarkably different between 0-13 years old age generation and over 40 years old generation. The 0-13 years old generation reveals higher preference for milk, wheat product, fruit and milk and lower preference for rice and vegetable than any other age generation. This characteristics of the childhood diet has been formed In the generation born after 1970's and thus will be reserved as their generational characteristics. On the other hand, over 40 years old age group prefers rice and fish to fruit, milk and wheat product. Therefore we can conclude that over 40 years old age group maintains the traditional Korean diet pattern. 2. The preference for fish is low. in 20-30 years old age group than in any other age group and wheat product is Preferred highest in 6-13 years old age group of all age groups. Meanwhile the most remarkable change In food consumption pattern is shown in meats and vegetables. Namely in 30 40 years old age group the preference for meat has increased substantially and that vegetable has decreased to a great extent. 3. The declining per capita consumption of rice spreads like a wave to higher age. groups, but over 40 years old age group bas played an important role in reducing the decreasing rate of rice consumption. In order to restrain the declining rice consumption a special integrated food policy is required to induce rice consumption in less 30 years old generation.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.1-13
• /
• 2014

In next-generation wireless networks, provisioning of IP-based network architecture and seamless transmission services are very important issues for mobile nodes. For this reason, a mobility management mechanism to support global roaming is highly regarded. These technologies bring a broader life by using a global roaming account through the connection of multiple devices or technology to mobile users; they also provide real-time multimedia services. This paper presents a comprehensive performance analysis of fast handover for hierarchical mobile IPv6 (F-HMIPv6), hierarchical mobile IPv6 (HMIPv6), Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6), and fast Proxy Mobile IPv6 (FPMIPv6) using the fluid-flow model and random-walk model. As a result, the location update cost of the PMIPv6 and FPMIPv6 is better than that of HMIPv6 and F-HMIPv6. These results suggest that the network-based mobility management technology is superior to the hierarchical mobility management technology in the mobility environment.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• v.51 no.6
• /
• pp.692-699
• /
• 2013

In this study, isothermal (350, 375, 400, 425, 450, 500, $850^{\circ}C$) experiments were carried out using a custom-made thermobalance to analyze the thermal decomposition properties of refuse plastic fuel (RPF), which is to be used as a cofiring fuel with a sub-bituminous coal at commercial circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler in Korea. In isothermal pyrolysis results, no change in the reaction model was observed in the temperature range of $375{\sim}450^{\circ}C$ and it was revealed that the first order chemical reaction (F1) is the most suitable among 12 reaction models. The activation energy shows similar results irrespective of application of reaction model in that the activation energy was 39.44 kcal/mol and 36.96 kcal/mol when using Arrhenius equation and iso-conversional method ($0.5{\leq}X{\leq}0.9$) respectively. Mean-while, the devolatilization time ($t_{dev}$) according to particle size (d) of RPF could be expressed as $t_{dev}=10.38d^{2.88}$ at $850^{\circ}C$, operation temperature of CFB and for even distribution and oxidation of RPF in CFB boiler, we found that the relationship of average dispersion distance (x) and particle size was $x{\leq}1.58d^{1.44}$.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.136-151
• /
• 1984

The purpose of this study is to find out the linkage relationship of the resistance genes Wbph1 and Wbph2 which are known to be present in the rice cultivar N22 and ARC 10239 respectively, with the genetic markers which are identified as the specific linkage tester. Crosses were made between the resistant parents and the genetic marker stocks and their F$_2$ populations were grown out in the field. The genetic segregations of the marker character were studied and the seeds were harvested individual plant base. These F$_3$ seeds were grown into plant-line base in the greenhouse and their responses to the whitebacked planthopper were tested. Then the linkage relationship between the F$_2$ plant marker character and the F$_3$ resistance responses to the whitebacked planthopper were examined. In the F$_2$ generation of the crosses between the resistant parent N22 and the genetic marker stocks, the genetic markers, such as lg, d-t, g, la, bl and gl, showed the segregation of 3 dominance to 1 recessiveness, and the Bh marker segregated into 9:7 ratio. Another 4 marker genes, such as Cl, gh, Lh and bc, did not show the good fittness to the expected value. In the F$_2$ generation of the crosses between the resistant parent ARC 10239 and the genetic marker stocks, the genetic markers, such as Cl, lg, Pn, g, la, bl and gl, showed the segregation of 3 dominance to 1 recessiveness, and the Bh gene segregation fitted well to the 9:7. The rest 4 genetic markers, such as gh, Lh, nl and be, did not show the good fitness to the expected ratio. The resistance genes Wbphl of N22 and the Wbph2 of ARC 10239 appeared to be single dominant gene each. The Wbphl gene was linked with the marker gene, liguleless (lg) of linkage group II with the recombination value of 36.8%, and with the black hull (Bh) with the value of 35.9%. The Wbph2 gene appeared to be independent of all the markers tested here, such as Cl, lg, Pn, g, Lh, la, nl, bl, bc, gl, Bh, of linkage gtoup I, II, III, IV, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, and XII respectively. That the Wbph2 linkage relations were not investigated was regarded as the causes that the tested marker genes on the chromosome were located with the resistance gene at the distant loci, and of the phenctypic properties of the marker characters. The Wbph2 linkage relations should be reexamined in the cross combinations of linkage group Ⅶ, Ⅷ, Ⅹ and XII including linkage group V which was not tested in this experiment.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.97-105
• /
• 2020

Recently, as the data speed and operating frequencies of Ethernet keeps increasing, electro magnetic interference (EMI) also becomes increasing. The generation of such EMI will cause malfunction of near electronic devices. In this study, EMI filters were applied to reduce the EMI generated by DC-DC SMPS (switching mode power supply), which is the main cause of EMI generation of Ethernet switch. As the EMI filter, MLCCs with excellent withstanding voltage characteristics were used, which had advantages in miniaturization and mass production. Two types of EMI MLCC filters were used, which are X-capacitor and X, Y-capacitor. X-capacitor was composed of 2 MLCCs with 10 nF and 100 nF capacity and 1 Mylar capacitor. Y-capacitor was consisted of 6 MLCCs with a capacity of 27 nF. When only X-capacitor was applied as EMI filter, the conductive EMI field strength exceeded the allowable limit in frequency range of 150 kHz ~ 30 MHz. The radiative EMI also showed high EMI strength and very small allowable margin at the specific frequencies. When the X and Y-capacitors were applied, the conductive EMI was greatly reduced, and the radiation EMI was also found to have sufficient margin. In addition, X, Y-capacitors showed very high insulation resistance and withstanding resistance performances. In conclusion, EMI X, Y-capacitors using MLCCs reduced the EMI noise effectively and showed excellent electrical reliability.