• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제10권10호
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• pp.357-369
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• 2019

본 연구는 간호대학의 교육과정에서 시뮬레이션을 활용한 실습교육과정의 적용가능성을 평가하기 위함이다. D시 소재 일 간호대학에서 시뮬레이션을 활용한 실습교육을 임상실습과 병행하여 받은 일 개 학년 학생들을 대상(n=77)으로 2년 동안의 임상수행능력, 임상수행자신감, 비판적 사고성향 및 문제해결능력의 변화를 파악하기 위해 시행된 종단연구이다. 본 연구대상 대학의 실습교육과정 평가를 위해 수집된 자료 중 일부(2015~2016년도)를 사용한 2차 자료분석으로, 3학년과 4학년의 학년 초와 학년 말에 측정된 변수들을 반복측정분산분석으로 분석하였다. 연구결과, 4학년에서의 임상수행능력이 학년 초에 비해 학년 말에 유의하게 향상되었고(t=-13.75, p<.001), 임상수행자신감과 비판적 사고는 2년에 거쳐 유의하게 증가되었다(F=177.86, p<.001; F=247.79, p<.001). 한편, 문제해결능력은 시점에 따른 유의한 차이가 없었다.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.27-42
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• 2021

This study investigated the differences in patient experience by arrangement type of medical tourism facilitators(MTF) from the pre-visit to visit stages. Specifically, patient experiences from each stage with different service providers (MTFs and medical institutions) were measured: provision of information and respect for patient preferences as pre-visit experiences with the facilitators, communication and concierge services as visit experiences with the facilitators, and medical services as medical institution experiences. The scale to measure foreign patients' experiences was modified from the 'Picker in-patient questionnaire(PPE)' and the 'Picker patient experience questionnaire(PPE-15)'. Quantitative data were collected by conducting a self-administered questionnaire on 173 patients from China, Russia, Mongolia, and Kazakhstan. Qualitative data were collected by conducting in-depth interviews with 9 patients and 9 service providers. The data were collected between January and October in 2019. Quantitative data was analyzed by SPSS 25 for Chi-squared test and ANOVA, and qualitative data were analyzed based on keywords. The main results are as follows. When foreign patients used only overseas MTFs, they had a relatively positive patient experience in respect of receiving pre-visit information(F=7.47, p<.01) and respect for patient preferences(F=3.11, p<.05). Looking at both domestic and overseas facilitators during the visit, the patient experience was relatively negative for communication(F=3.75, p<.05). Regarding medical institutions, patients had a relatively negative patient experience with regards to medical services when they used both domestic and overseas facilitators(F=6.49, p<.01). The implications of this study are as follows. Patients should have a seamless and high-quality experience regardless of the facilitator arrangement type. This can be prepared through service standardization for the service providers. It would be also necessary to consider each other's features and problems at the institutional level and to improve service coordination by having service providers periodically communicate with each other.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.210-222
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• 2021

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop and test the effects of a nursing information literacy competency education program for undergraduate nursing students. Methods: A non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. The subjects consisted of 42 sophomore undergraduate nursing students who had completed a fundamental nursing course (experimental group: n=21, control group n=21). The nursing information literacy competency education program consisted of 8 steps in 8 sessions, taught over 4 weeks, which was 20 hours in total. Data were collected between January 23 and March 14, 2019 and were analyzed using Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, t-test, paired t-test, and repeated measure ANOVA with SPSS/WIN 23.0. Results: Significant differences were shown between the experimental and control groups regarding nursing information literacy competency (F=91.74, p<.001), problem-solving ability (F=52.43, p<.001), self-directed learning ability (F=36.61, p<.001), and evidence-based practice competency (F=59.66, p<.001). Conclusion: The nursing information literacy competency education program was effective in improving the nursing information literacy competency, problem-solving ability, self-directed learning ability, and evidence-based practice competency of nursing students. Hence, we recommend the nursing information literacy education program will be included as an independent course in the nursing curriculum for undergraduate nursing students to promote a needed proficiency in nursing information literacy competency.

• 운동영양학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2021

[Purpose] This preliminary study aimed to develop a regression model to estimate the non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT) of Korean adults using various easy-to-measure dependent variables. [Methods] NEAT was measured in 71 healthy adults (male n = 29; female n = 42). Statistical analysis was performed to develop a NEAT estimation regression model using the stepwise regression method. [Results] We confirmed that age^A, weight^B, heart rate (HR)_average^C, weight × HR_average^D, weight × HR_sum^E, systolic blood pressure (SBP) × HR_rest^F, fat mass ÷ height^2G, gender × HR_average^H, and gender × weight × HR_sum^I were important variables in various NEAT activity regression models. There was no significant difference between the measured NEAT values obtained using a metabolic gas analyzer and the predicted NEAT. [Conclusion] This preliminary study developed a regression model to estimate the NEAT in healthy Korean adults. The regression model was as follows: sitting = 1.431 - 0.013 × (A) + 0.00014 × (D) - 0.00005 × (F) + 0.006 × (H); leg jiggling = 1.102 - 0.011 × (A) + 0.013 × (B) + 0.005 × (H); standing = 1.713 - 0.013 × (A) + 0.0000017 × (I); 4.5 km/h walking = 0.864 + 0.035 × (B) + 0.0000041 × (E); 6.0 km/h walking = 4.029 - 0.024 × (C) + 0.00071 × (D); climbing up 1 stair = 1.308 - 0.016 × (A) + 0.00035 × (D) - 0.000085 × (F) - 0.098 × (G); and climbing up 2 stairs = 1.442 - 0.023 × (A) - 0.000093 × (F) - 0.121 × (G) + 0.0000624 × (E).

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.124-134
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• 1995

Ham's F-10 기본 배양액과 이 배양액에 여러가지 농도의 EDTA와 태아제대혈청을 단독 또는 같이 혼합한 배양액을 얻어 각각의 배양액에서 5-10주된 백서를 이용하여 2 세포기 배아의 단계적 분할정도를 96시간 동안 관찰하였다. Ham's F-10 기본 배양액에 비해 태아제대혈청이나 EDTA $50{\mu}M$에서 $100{\mu}M$을 단독 또는 함께 첨가한 배양액에서 2 세포기의 배아의 상실배기 난할률이 매우 높았으며 (p<0.05), 포배기 난할률은 태아제대혈청과 EDTA $50{\mu}M$에서 $100{\mu}M$을 첨가한 배양액에서 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 체외수정실에서 흔히 사용되는 태아제대혈청을 첨가한 배양액과 비교시 태아제대혈청과 EDTA $100{\mu}M$을 첨가한 배양액에서 상실기 난할률이 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 태아제대혈청과 여러 농도의 EDTA를 첨가한 배양액과 EDTA만 첨가한 배양액의 비교에서 태아제대혈청과 EDTA $50{\mu}M$ 및 $100{\mu}M$을 첨가한 배양액에서 EDTA $200{\mu}M$만 첨가한 배양액에 비해 상실기 난할률이 매우 유의하게 높았고(p<0.05), 포배기 난할률은 태아제대혈청과 EDTA $100{\mu}M$을 첨가한 배양액이 EDTA $200{\mu}M$을 단독 또는 태아제대혈청과 함께 넣은 배양액에 비해 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 결론적으로 Ham's F-10 기본 배양액에 태아제대혈청과 적정 농도의 EDTA $50{\mu}M$ 및 $100{\mu}M$을 첨가한 배양액에서 초기 수정란의 분할이 우수함을 알 수 있고, 이는 수정란의 배양시 적절한 배양액을 선택할 수 있는 기초 자료로서 유용할 것으로 사료된다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.532-537
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• 2009

알코올 의존과 N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) 수용체와 밀접한 관계가 있을 수 있다는 연구들이 있는데, 즉 NMDA 수용체가 알코올의 금단, 내성의 발생과 관련이 있다는 연구 결과들이다. 그러나 NMDA 수용체 길항제가 알코올 의존의 재발 예방에 효과가 있을 것이라는 것에 대해서는 아직 논란이 되고 있다. 본 연구는 유전적으로 알코올을 선호하는 C57BL/6형 생쥐를 이용하여 유한접근법으로 NMDA 수용체 길항제인 memantine을 5, 25, 50 mg/kg으로 각각 투여하였을 때 알코올 섭취량에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 알코올 의존화된 C57BL/6형 수컷 생쥐를 5군으로 나눈 뒤, 12일간 각 군에 vehicle, naltrexone 1.0 mg/kg, memantine 5, 25, 50 mg/kg으로 각각 투여하면서 알코올의 섭취량, 물 섭취량, 사료 섭취량 및 체중을 조사하였다. 본 연구의 결과, 2시간 알코올 섭취량의 12일간 변화에 대해 vehicle 투여군과 naltrexone, memantine 5, 25, 50 mg/kg 투여군 각각의 군을 repeated measure ANOVA를 이용하여 비교하였을 때, naltrexone (df=4, F=11.827, p<0.01), memantine 5 mg/kg (df=4, F=7.999, p<0.01), memantine 25 mg/kg (df=4, F=6.199, p<0.05) 및 memantine 50 mg/kg (df=4, F=10.522, p<0.01) 투여군에서 각각 유의한 군과 일수의 상호작용을 보였다. 그러나 22시간 물 섭취량, 24시간 사료섭취량 및 체중의 12일간 변화에 대해서는 vehicle 투여군과 memantine 투여군 3군 각각에서 유의한 상호작용이 없었다. 한편, vehicle 투여군과 naltrexone 투여군 간에는 체중의 변화에서 유의한 군과 일수의 상호작용을 보였고, 22시간 물 섭취량 및 24시간 사료 섭취량에서는 유의한 상호 작용이 없었다. 이상의 결과는 NMDA 수용체 길항제인 memantine을 생쥐에게 투여하였을 때 알코올 섭취량에 영향을 줄 수 있다는 것을 의미한다. 이는 앞으로 부작용은 적으면서 치료 효과는 우수한 알코올 의존 재발 예방 치료제 개발의 가능성을 제안하고 있다.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.5-35
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• 1998

This study attempted to determine the relation between the maternal role strain and their husbands' support in employed and nonemployed first-time mothers, and how it changed over time. A descriptive, longitudinal and comparative study design was conducted to collect and analyzed the data at three times(at 3-4days, at 4-6wks and at 3-month postpartum) regarding the change of maternal role strain and their husbands' support in employed and nonemployed first-time mothers. The subjects were 133 first-time mothers who delivered vaginally at K university hospital in Deagu, Korea from Dec., 1994 to Oct., 1995. Among these 58 were employed and 75 were nonemployed first-time mothers. This instruments used to data collection in this study were by Hobbs(1968 : The Difficulty Index for First-time Parents), Staffensmeier(1982: Transition Difficulty Measure), Tayer(1976: Emotional Support from Husband), Lee, Hae Kyoung(1992 : Physical Support from Husband). The analysis of data was done with SAS/PC program which included percentage, $x^2$-test, Pearson correlation, Repeated Measure ANOVA, Time Contrast Analysis and t-test. The results were as follows : 1. There was a significant negative correlation only at 3-4days(r=-.19, P=.0265) and at 4-6wks postpartum(r=-.18, P=.0392) between maternal role strain and husband's support of the first-time mothers. Thus, the more support from husband, the less maternal role strains the first-time mothers felt. Therefore, the 1st hypothesis that "the more husband's support the first-time mother felt at all the time of testing, the less maternal role strains they got" was partially supported at 3-days and 4-6 weeks postpartum. There was no correlation between maternal role strain and t husband's support of the employed first-time mothers at al testing times(at 3-4days postpartum : r=-.95, P=.9548, at 4-6wks postpartum : r=-.0960, P=.4733 and at 3-month postpartum : r=-.05, P=7306). On the contrary, the unemployed first-time mothers felt less maternal role strain when they received more support from their husband at 3-4 days postpartum(r=-.31, P=.0073) and at 4-6wks postpartum(r=-.23, P=.0490). 2. There was no difference of maternal role strain between two groups with regards to employment status(F=.97, P=.3270). But the maternal role strains of two groups were changed differently each other over time(F=3.89, P=.00234). Therefore, the 2nd hypothesis that "there was the difference in the maternal role strains with regard to employment status and over time" was rejected. 3. There was no difference in husband's support between the employed and the nonemployed first-time mothers(F=3.06, P=.0826). But there was a significant interaction between employment status and over time(F=3.64, P=.0267), so the support from husband of the employed and the unemployed first-time mothers was changed differently each other over time. The support from husband of the employed first-time mothers was lowered significantly and continuously at 4-6wks (F=5.20, P=.0263) and at 3-month postpartum(F=6.47, P=.0137) than at 3-4 days postpartum. On the contrary, there was no difference in change of husband's support of the employed first-time mothers between the 3-4 days and the 4-6wks postpartum(F=1.70, P=.1962) and between the 3-4 days and the 3-month postpartum(F=.21, P=.6513). Mean husband's support of the nonemployed first-time mothers was raised at 4-6wks postpartum than at 3-4 days postpartum but lowed at 3-month postpartum. The support form husband of both groups was tending downwards at 3-month postpartum than at 4-6wks postpartum, but the one between two groups was changed differently each other over time. The husband's support of the employed first-time mothers(M${\pm}$SD=64. 26${\pm}$8.63) was higher than the one of the nonemployed first-time mothers(M${\pm}$SD=59.16${\pm}$11.11) (t=-2.98, P=.0035), so the 3rd hypothesis that "there was the difference in the husband's support with regard to employment status and over time" was supported. On the basis of these conclusions, the following suggestion is proposed. This study examined the change and relationship between maternal role strain and husband's support in the employed and the nonemployed first-time mothers. So the further study regarding the comparison between the employed and the nonemployed multiparas is necessary.

• 핵의학기술
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.8-11
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• 2012

상용화된 자동합성장치는 사용되는 유기용매의 종류가 다르고 합성수율에 차이를 보인다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 자동합성장치에 따른 $^{18}F$-FDG의 방사선분해에 관한 방사화학적순도 변화를 비교하였다. Cyclotron (PETtrace, GE Healthcare)을 사용하여 $^{18}F$를 생산하고, 자동합성장치(FASTlab, Tracerlab MX, GE Healthcare)를 이용하여 FDG로 합성하였다. 방사화화적순도는 Radio-TLC Scanner (AR 2000, Bioscan), GC(Gas Chromatography, Agilent 7890A)를 사용하여 $^{18}F$-FDG에 함유되어 있는 에탄올의 양을 측정하였다. 고정상은 실리카겔로 도포된 유리판($1{\times}10cm$), 이동상은 아세토니트릴과 물 19:1 혼합액을 사용하고, 각각의 합성장치에서 고농도와 저농도의 $^{18}F$-FDG를 생산 후 2시간 간격으로 방사화학적순도를 측정하였다. 저농도 (약 2.59 GBq/mL 이하)에서 순도변화는 Tracerlab MX에서는 99.26%, 98.69%, 98.25%, 98.09%, FASTlab에서는 99.09%, 97.83, 96.89%, 96.62%를 얻었다. 고농도(약 3.7 GBq/mL 이상)에서 순도변화는 Tracerlab MX에서는 평균 99.54%, 96.08%, 93.77%, 92.54%, FASTlab의 경우 99.53%, 95.65%, 92.39%, 89.82%를 얻었다. 그리고 FASTlab에서 생산한 $^{18}F$-FDG의 GC에서는 에탄올이 검출되지 않았으며, Tracerlab MX에서는 100~300 ppm의 에탄올이 검출되었다. 이러한 결과를 비추어 봤을 때 방사선 보호제인 에탄올의 유무보다 방사능농도가 방사선분해에 더 큰 영향을 미치기 때문에 고농도의 $^{18}F$-FDG 생산 후 무균 생리식염수로 희석하여 농도를 낮춘 후 사용해야 한다.

• Journal of Information Display
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.8-11
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• 2010

In this study, a new thin films passivation technique using Zn with high electronegativity and $MgF_2$, a fluorine material with better optical transmittance than the sealing film materials that have thus far been reported was proposed. Targets with various ratios of $MgF_2$ to Zn (5:5, 4:6 and 3:7) were fabricated to control the amount of Zn in the passivation films. The Mg-Zn-F films were deposited onto the substrates and Zn was located in the gap between the lattices of $MgF_2$ without chemical metathesis in the Mg-Zn-F films. The thickness and optical transmittance of the deposited passivation films were approximately 200 nm and 80%, respectively. It was confirmed via electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis that the Zn content of the film that was sputtered using a 4:6 ratio target was 9.84 wt%. The Zn contents of the films made from the 5:5 and 3:7 ratio targets were 2.07 and 5.01 wt%, respectively. The water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) was determined to be $38^{\circ}C$, RH 90-100%. The WVTR of the Mg-Zn-F film that was deposited with a 4:6 ratio target nearly reached the limit of the equipment, $1\times10^{-3}\;gm^2{\cdot}day$. As the Zn portion increased, the packing density also increased, and it was found that the passivation films effectively prevented the permeation by either oxygen or water vapor. To measure the characteristics of gas barrier, the film was applied to the emitting device to evaluate their lifetime. The lifetime of the applied device with passivation was increased to 25 times that of the PLED device, which was non-passivated.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.176-182
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• 2013

본 연구의 목적은 건강한 검진자들을 대상으로 F-18 FDG PET/CT 전신 영상에서 진단 수준을 향상하고자 관심부피를 이용하여 정상부위의 SUVs, 즉 SUVLBM, SUVBW, SUVBSA의 데이터를 마련하였다. 각각의 최대치(maximum), 평균치(mean), 표준편차(standard deviation), 역치(threshold)를 제시 하고자 한다. 2012년 7월부터 8월까지 전신 F-18 FDG PET/CT 검사를 시행한 총 31명을 대상으로 SUVs를 측정 하였다. 측정의 정확도를 높이고자 핵의학 전문의의 소견으로 이중에서 26명의 건강한 수검자를 대상으로 하였다. 조영제 사용유무와 관계없이 PET/CT의 SUVs 측정에서 SUVBW의 측정치가 가장 높았으며, SUVLBM, SUVBSA 순으로 나타났다. SUVLBM-최대치를 이용하여 조영제를 사용하지 않은 군과 사용한 군을 비교했을 경우, 조영제를 사용했을 경우 측정치가 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, 8부위 중 간, 대동맥, 요추-5, 소뇌는 매우 유의하게 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). PET/CT의 모든 영상의 판독에서 본 SUVs 데이터가 조기정밀/진단 수준을 향상 하는데 기초 자료가 될 것이라고 판단되며, VOI를 이용한 연구가 활발히 이루어지길 기대한다.