• The Korean Journal of Legal Medicine
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.146-152
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• 2018

We investigated the neural correlates of accurate eyewitness memory retrieval using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. We analyzed oxygenated hemoglobin ($HbO_2$) concentration in the prefrontal cortex during eyewitness memory retrieval task and examined regional $HbO_2$ differences between observed objects (target) and unobserved objects (lure). We found that target objects elicited increased activation in the bilateral ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, which is known for monitoring retrieval processing via bottom-up attentional processing. Our results suggest bottom-up attentional mechanisms could be different during accurate eyewitness memory retrieval. These findings indicate that investigating retrieval mechanisms using functional near-infrared spectroscopy might be useful for establishing an accurate eyewitness recognition model.

• The Korean Journal of Legal Medicine
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.115-119
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• 2015

We investigated event-related potentials (ERPs) to estimate the accuracy of eyewitness memories. Participants watched videos of vehicles being driven dangerously, from an anti-impaired driving initiative. The four-letter license plates of the vehicles were the target stimuli. Random numbers were presented while participants attempted to identify the license plate letters, and electroencephalograms were recorded. There was a significant difference in activity 300-500 milliseconds after stimulus onset, between target stimuli and random numbers. This finding contributes to establishing an eyewitness recognition model where different ERP components may reflect more explicit memory that is dissociable from recollection.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.207-217
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• 2015

형사소송절차에 있어서 탄핵증거규정상에는 다양한 논란이 광범위하게 발생한다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하는 방법으로 본고에서는 대법원판례 및 외국의 입법례 등을 종합 분석(연구방법)하였으며 특히, 대법원판례 등에서 강조하고 있는 적정절차원칙은 탄핵증거규정에서도 반드시 준수되어야 한다는 점을 재인식하였다(연구결과). 탄핵증거규정은 형사소송법 제312조 내지 제316조에 의하여 증거능력이 인정되지 않은 증거일지라도(위법성을 띤 증거) 진술의 증명력을 탄핵하는데 이를 사용함으로써 실체진실발견에 가장 중요한 역할을 수행하는 증인 등(피고인 포함)의 증언은 소송상 극단적인 제한을 받을 수밖에 없다. 본고에서는 첫째 탄핵증거의 범위 둘째 증명력감쇄 등에 대한 문제 셋째 탄핵증거로 인한 증인 등의 지위 등을 연구해 보았다. 그런데 이러한 제 문제의 해결(결론)은 불법적인 절차를 배제하면서 적정절차원칙의 준수를 통해야만 융합적인 해결이 가능하다는 점이다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.267-278
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• 2022

본 연구는 목격자 증언 맥락에서 진술 정확성에 영향을 미치는 정서의 기능에 관한 문헌 고찰을 시도하였다. 목격자 증언의 정확성과 정서 간의 관계를 살펴본 연구에서 소개된 주요 이론과 개념들, 연구 방법을 토대로 살펴보았다. 해당 결과는 정서의 정의, 정서 유도 방식, 정서 측정 방식 순으로 제시하였다. 구체적으로 부정 정서, 각성, 스트레스, 기분을 중심으로 정서의 정의를 기술하였고, 정서 유도 방식은 실험실에서 주로 사용되는 영상, 가상현실, 연구자가 연출한 모의 사건을 중심으로 기술하였다. 정서 측정 방식은 자기보고식, 행동 측정, 정신생리학을 중심으로 기술하였다. 또한, 객관적이고 과학적 정서 연구를 위한 접근 방식, 적절한 실험 설계와 기억 검사, 개인차 통제의 필요성에 대해 논의하였다. 본 연구는 목격자 증언 맥락에서 진술 정확성에 미치는 정서의 기능을 살펴봄으로써 선행 연구의 비일관된 결과를 검토하고, 관련 연구들을 비교 분석하는 구조를 제시하는 데 의의를 두었다. 이와 같은 지식은 목격자 증언의 신뢰성 판단에 기초 자료로도 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 아동학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.89-104
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• 2002

This investigation compared the eyewitness accounts of 5-year-old children by verbal-only inter views and interviews using anatomically neutral dolls. The verbal interviews consisted of free recall, specific question, and leading questions. While the overall accuracy of the interviews increased with the introduction of dolls as memory aids, the efficacy of the dolls was not uniform across types of interviews. In free recall, the dolls were not effective in eliciting accurate accounts. The use of dolls also did not compromise the memory of children in free recall which recalled greater number of correct details with the memory aids than without, but it should be careful in free recall could be reported exactly correct in spite of little bit amounts. Responses to leading questions showed that the children were affected by suggestive misleading question and were susceptible to incorporation of that information into their memory.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.501-509
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• 2004

The frequency of car accidents is very high at the intersection. Because of the state of a traffic signal, quarrels happen after accidents. At night many cars run away after causing an accident. In this case, accident analyses have been conducted by investigating evidences such as eyewitness accounts, tire tracks, fragments of the car or collision traces of the car. But these evidences that don't have enough objectivity cause an error in judgment. In the paper, when traffic accidents happen, the traffic accident detection system that stands on the basis of images and sounds detects traffic accidents to acquire abundant evidences. And, this system transmits 10 seconds images to the traffic center through the wired net and stores images to the Smart Media Card. This can be applied to various ways such as accident management, accident DB construction, urgent rescue after awaring the accident, accident detection in tunnel and in inclement weather.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제11권11호
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• pp.1025-1030
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• 2016

어선에 의한 해양사고의 가장 큰 문제점은 경계소홀로 충돌, 접촉, 좌초, 전복, 및 침몰 등의 사고가 발행한다. 또한 사고가 발생하더라도 목격자가 없거나, 있다고 하더라도 사고 당시의 상황으로 인한 혼란으로 정확한 증거로써 활용되기 어려워 대부분의 사고 원인이 밝혀지는데 어려움이 많다. 사고가 발생한 후에 정확한 사고 규명을 위해서는 운항 기록을 기록하는 VDR(: Voyage Data Recorder) 시스템을 설치하여 하나 가격이 비싸고 어선에 적합하지 않아 잘 이용되지 않고 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 어선에 적합한 운항 영상 보관을 위한 VDR 시스템을 설계 및 개발하였다. 이를 활용하는 경우, 어선에 의한 해양사고가 발생하더라도 신속하게 사고 규명이 가능하고, 사고 원인에 따른 적절한 조치를 취할 수 있기 때문에 해양사고 예방에도 많은 도움이 될 것으로 예상된다.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.213-219
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• 2018

In this paper, we introduce a target position reasoning system based on Bayesian network that selects destinations of robots on a map to explore compound disaster environments. Compound disaster accidents have hazardous conditions because of a low visibility and a high temperature. Before firefighters enter the environment, the robots notify information in advance, such as victim's positions, number of victims, and status of debris of building. The problem of the previous system is that the system requires a target position to operate the robots and the firefighter need to learn how to use the robot. However, selecting the target position is not easy because of the information gap between eyewitness accounts and map coordinates. In addition, learning the technique how to use the robots needs a lot of time and money. The proposed system infers the target area using Bayesian network and selects proper x, y coordinates on the map based on image processing methods of the map. To verify the proposed system, we designed three example scenarios based on eyewetinees testimonies and compared time consumption between human and the system. In addition, we evaluate the system usability by 40 subjects.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.31-36
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• 2015

본 연구는 동일 비율로 휘발유와 혼합된 인화성 액체 200 ml를 축소 모의된 구획 공간에 채우고 착화시켰을 때의 특성을 해석하였다. 구획된 공간의 한 변은 2,000 mm이며, 연소가 진행된 장치의 길이는 1,000 mm이다. 휘발유와 알코올을 혼합한 물질의 화염 전파 속도가 0.7 s로 가장 빠르고, 가장 늦은 물질은 휘발유와 경유를 혼합한 물질로 1.2 s이다. 화염이 최성기에 가장 빨리 도달한 물질은 휘발유와 아세톤을 혼합한 것으로 25.5 s가 소요되었다. 또한 휘발유와 경유를 혼합한 물질은 163.7 s로 가장 늦었다. 연소의 지속 시간은 휘발유와 경유를 혼합한 물질이 332.7 s로 가장 길었으며, 가장 짧은 것은 휘발유와 시너를 혼합한 물질로 121.5 s이다. 따라서 화재 현장을 조사하는 화재조사관은 최초 목격자의 진술은 물론 화염의 특성을 종합적으로 분석할 필요가 있다.

• 미술이론과 현장
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• 제14호
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• pp.33-51
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• 2012

Joseph Mallord William Turner (1775-1851) has been widely regarded as the most original and brilliant English landscape painter in the 19th century. Admitted to the Royal Academy Schools in 1789, Turner was a precocious artist and gained the full membership of the prestigious Royal Academy in 1802 at the age of 27. Already in the 1800s he was recognised as a pioneer in taking a new and revolutionary approach to the art of landscape painting. Among his early works made in this period, The Shipwreck, painted in 1805, epitomizes the sense of sublime Romanticism in terms of its dramatic subject-matter and the masterly display of technical innovations. Of course, the subject of shipwreck has a long standing history. Ever since human beings first began seafaring, they have been fascinated as much as haunted by shipwrecks. For maritime societies, such as England, shipwreck has been the source of endless nightmares, representing a constant threat not only to individual sailors but also to the nation as a whole. Unsurprisingly, therefore, shipwreck is one of the most popular motifs in art and literature, particularly during the 18th and 19th centuries. Yet accounts, images and metaphors of shipwreck have taken diverse forms and served different purposes, varying significantly across time and between authors. As such, Turner's painting registers a panoply of diverse but interconnected contemporary discourses. First of all, since shipwreck was an everyday occurrence in this period, it is more than likely that Turner's painting depicted the actual sinking in 1805 of the East India Company's ship 'The Earl of Abergavenny' off the coast of Weymouth. 263 souls were lost and the news of the wreck made headlines in major English newspapers at the time. Turner's painting may well have been his visual response to this tragedy, eyewitness accounts of which were given in great quantity in every contemporary newspaper. But the painting is not a documentary visual record of the incident as Turner was not present at the site and newspaper reports were not detailed enough for him to pictorially reconstruct the entire scene. Rather, Turner's painting is indebted to the iconographical tradition of depicting tempest and shipwreck, bearing a strong visual resemblance to some 17th-century Dutch marine paintings with which he was familiar through gallery visits and engravings. Lastly, Turner's Shipwreck is to be located in the contexts of burgeoning contemporary travel literature, especially shipwreck narratives. The late 18th and early 19th century saw a drastic increase in the publication of shipwreck narratives and Turner's painting was inspired by the re-publication in 1804 of William Falconer's enormously successful epic poem of the same title. Thus, in the final analysis, Turner's painting is a splendid signifier leading the beholder to the heart of Romantic abyss conjoing nightmarish everyday experience, high art, and popular literature.