• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.27 no.B
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• pp.161-167
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• 2007

The objetives of this study are to set up optimum extraction temperature, time and organic solvent for propolis extraction, to investigate chemical properties, and to develop health foods from propolis preparation. In this study, ethanol and ultrasonic extracts method performed to optimum extraction temperature was at 60, $20^{\circ}C$, optimum extraction time was at 12, 4 hours and optimum extraction amount of solvent was at 20, 15 times of propolis weight. When various ethanol solutions were used, whereas flavonoid content was highest in 70, 80% aqueous ethanol, respectively. So the ultrasonic extracts method used gave better results than the ethanol extracts method in this work. Extraction of propolis with etanol and ultrasonic extracts method was performed by using the water and various concentrations of aqueous ethanol as solvent. Sensitivity of propolis samples to Staphylococcus aureus was investigated and the results were shown. Samples of water extract did not inhibit microbial growth, where as 50% aqueous ethanol extract the largest inhibitory zone for Staphylococcus aureus, then decreased inhibition with increasing ethanol concentrations.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 1974

The extraction mode of orange-yellow pigment from Gardenia is depended upon the extraction time, extraction temperature and volume of solvent. The amounts of the extracted-pigment (C) is proportional to the log ${\theta}^{1.15}$ of extraction time $({\theta}:0{\cdots}{\cdots}{\cdots}60$ min.), the log $T^{3.73}$ of extraction temperature $(T:5{\cdots}{\cdots}{\cdots}60^{\circ}C)$ and the log $S^{3.7}$ of volume of solvent $(S:5{\cdots}{\cdots}{\cdots}50ml)$ at $18^{\circ}C$ for 10 minutes. Finally, the general emperical equation was derived as follows; C=1.15 log ${\theta}$+3.73 log T+3.7 log S-7.0

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.75-82
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• 2021

This study aimed to prepare a W/O nonionic microemulsion system(MEs) consisting of OP-4[polyoxyethylene(4) nonylphenol], OP-7[polyoxyethylene(7) nonylphenol], 1-hexanol, D2EHPA, kerosene and HCl solution and applied to the extraction of La(III) from chloride aqueous solution within the polysulfone hollow fiber contactor (HFC),laboratory-scale experiments were carried out to investigate the recovery of La(III) using as-prepared microemulsion from the simulation wastewater containing La(III),Al(III) and Fe(III). The right weight ratio(Rs) of OP-4 to OP-7 was firstly confirmed through determination of the solubilization capacity of HCl solution(W0,HCl) in microemulsion, the effect of several factors such as the HCl concentration, temperature and effective extraction time on the extraction efficiency of La(III) was discussed. Results showed that the acceptable Rs was 4:6 to prepare the W/O MEs. The extraction yield of La(III) increased with the increasing of HCl concentration, temperature and effective extraction time and reaches to 97.3% while using five-stage modules. The recovery yield of La(III) from simulation La-bearing wastewater was 90.6%.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.57 no.6
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• pp.326-332
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• 2019

Extraction treatment has been used for a long time to treat crowding or lip protrusion patients and still extraction decision is the most difficult and important decision during diagnosis and treatment planning. If the amount of crowidng is severe, premolar extraction is often considered. Because of their location, premolar extractions would seem to allow for the most straightforward relief of crowding and the improvement of soft tissue profile. But patients and their parents often prefer nonextraction approach if possible and such a preference gives us serious question about the boundary of nonextraction treatment. Because Orthodontic Mini-Implant (OMI) become popular these days, distalization of posterior teeth can be obtained easily without patient's compliance. For this reason, many orthodontists are trying to treat crowding patient with nonextraction than before. But sometime, unexpected side effects are observed including unesthetic profile, impaction of second molar and long treatment time. All the tools for space gaining - extraction, arch expansion, molar distalization and interproximal enamel reduction - have their limitations and indications. Possible side effects and limitations should be carefully considered during the treatment planning. Although Korean patients usually require extraction more often than US or European patients, more knowledge about the tools for space gaining would help us to decrease the rate of extraction and the problems during treatment of crowding patients.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.271-279
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• 2021

Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) conditions, including extraction time, extraction temperature, and ethanol concentration, were optimized to increase the total flavonoid content (TFC), tyrosinase inhibitory activity (TIA), and collagenase inhibitory activity (CIA) of Spirulina platensis through central composite design (CCD). For the optimization of the three dependent variables, a quadratic regression model was derived from 17 experimental sets for the simultaneous maximization of TFC, TIA, and CIA. The predicted optimal UAE conditions were 44.0 min of extraction time, 82.8℃ of extraction temperature, and 96.0% of ethanol concentration. Under these conditions, 0.93 mg QE/g DM of TFC, 81.9% of CIA, and 92.1% of TIA were predicted. The CCD-based UAE optimization enabled an increase in TFC, CIA, and TIA, thereby confirming that the S. platensis extract can be used in the development of a cosmetic material with skin whitening and anti-wrinkle effects.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.50.1-50.6
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• 2024

Importance: Canine extraction of large carnivores can pose significant risk due to extensive tissue damage during aggressive bone reduction. This report highlights a rare instance in which the use of a piezoelectric surgical unit (PSU) for maxillary canine extraction in a large carnivore resulted in successful outcomes with minimal tissue damage. Case presentation: A 10-year-old male African lion presented with decreased appetite because of bilateral maxillary canine fractures. Intraoral radiographs revealed enlarged root canals and periapical radiolucency of the fractured canines, leading to a diagnosis of periapical periodontitis and pulpitis. To extract the right maxillary canine, conventional method using hand instrument failed to achieve adequate luxation, necessitating the use of the flat blade of the PSU to sever the periodontal ligament. The left maxillary canine was extracted using PSU from the beginning, and the extraction time was markedly shortened by using PSU without additional alveolar bone damage or bleeding. Conclusion and Relevance: This case demonstrated that utilizing PSU for canine extraction in a lion resulted in periodontal ligament separation, reducing damage to the alveolar bone and shortening surgical time. It suggests the promising application of PSU in tooth extraction for large wild animals, indicating its potential significance in veterinary dentistry.

• Food Engineering Progress
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.79-87
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• 2017

This study was carried out to extract ginsenosides in by-products from honeyed red ginseng. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the extraction conditions. Based on D-optimal design, independent variables were ethanol (extraction solvent) concentration (30-90%, v/v), extraction temperature ($25-70^{\circ}C$), and extraction time (5-11 h). Extraction yield (Y1) and total ginsenosides (Y2) in the extract were analyzed as dependent variables. Results found that extraction yield increased with increasing extraction temperature and time, whereas it was decreased with increasing ethanol concentration. Similar trends were found for the content of ginsenosides in the extracts, except for ethanol concentration, which was increased with increasing ethanol concentration. Regression equations derived from RSM were suggested to coincide well with the results from the experiments. The optimal extraction conditions for extraction yield and total ginsenosides were an extraction temperature of $56.94^{\circ}C$, ethanol concentration of 57.90%, and extraction time of 11 h. Under these conditions, extraction yield and total ginsenoside contents were predicted to be 84.52% and 9.54 mg/g, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.294-297
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• 1996

This paper proposes the method to recognize of time series data based on the chaotic feature extraction. Features extract from time series data using the chaotic time series data analysis and the pattern recognition process is using a neural network classifier. In experiment, EEG(electroencephalograph) signals are extracted features by correlation dimension and Lyapunov experiments, and these features are classified by multilayer perceptron neural networks. Proposed chaotic feature extraction enhances recognition results from chaotic time series data.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.358-360
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• 1996

Solvent extraction, soxhlet method, and supercritical fluid extracion were considered, respectively, as the method of choice for the recovery of DHA from lyophilized Thraustochitrium sp., and the results of corresponding extraction were compared. Supercritical fluid extraction seems to be the most appropriate process with respect to time, process simplicity, and extractant intoxicity.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.90.1-90
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• 2002

Counters for the various kinds of bank notes require high-speed distinctive point extraction and recognition for notes. In this paper we propose a new point extraction and recognition algorithm for bank notes. For distinctive point extraction we use a coordinate data extraction method from specific parts of a bank note representing the same color. The recognition algorithm uses a back-propagation neural network that has coordinate data input. The proposed algorithm is designed to minimize recognition time.