• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.86-89
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• 2016

This study compared the contents of prosapogenin depending on the extracting conditions of Red ginseng to provide basic information for developing Red ginseng-based functional foods. The content of ginsenoside Rg3 reached their maximum value at 24 h of extraction, followed by 36 h and 72 h of extraction at $100^{\circ}C$.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.39-44
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• 2007

This study was conducted to investigate the contents of residual solvents and mineral components(11 kinds) in ginseng extracts with different extracting conditions(5 types) and commercial ginseng extract products(domestic, imported). Fine root was extracted with solution having various ethanol concentration after hexane treatment. Among 5 type extracts, residual solvent(hexane) was detected ginseng extracts treated ethanol mixed with hexane. But extracts that dried after soaked in hexane wasn't detected hexane. Mineral components(Al, Mn, Fe, Cu and Zn) were detected in fine root and 5 types of extracts. The contents of mineral components between fine root and extracts with various extracting conditions were similar, however, extracts that dried after soaked in hexane showed the lower amount in Al, Fe, Pb than the others. In comparison with commercial ginseng ex-tract products(domestic, imported), the distribution pattern of mineral was similar but the contents were a little different.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.256-260
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• 2008

홍삼은 건강을 유지하기 위한 약재로 오래전부터 우리나라에서 많이 애용되고 있는 한방소재로서 근래에 와서 홍삼의 유효 성분군이 사포닌으로 밝혀지면서 약리 효능적인 측면에서는 연구가 급진전되었으나, 홍삼의 유용 사포닌 성분을 안정성 높게 회수하기 위한 추출방법 및 홍삼을 추출하는데 있어 이화학적인 특성에 영향을 주는 조건에 대해서는 현재까지 연구된 바가 많지 않아 홍삼 추출조건에 대한 체계적인 연구가 필요한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 홍삼 추출기를 이용하여 추출조건에 따른 사포닌 성분 및 이화학적 변화에 대해 조사하여 비교분석하였다. 홍삼추출액의 총 사포닌 함량에 있어서는 추출온도와 시간이 증가함에 따라 총 사포닌 함량이 감소하는 경향을 나타내었으며, $75^{\circ}C$, 24시간 추출조건에서 0.774 mg/g으로 가장 높은 함량을 나타내었다. 개별 ginsenoside 함량에서도 대부분 추출온도와 시간이 증가될수록 함량이 감소하였지만, $Rg_3$의 경우에는 일정범위내에서의 추출조건에서는 함량이 오히려 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 이는 홍삼 추출 시 가열 과정에서 일부 ginsenoside가 $Rg_3$로 구조 전환되면서 그 함량이 증가한 것으로 추정된다. 또한 추출조건별 홍삼추출액의 이화학적 변화에 있어서는 사포닌의 경우와 반대로 추출온도와 시간이 증가될수록 $^{\circ}Brix$와 색차는 증가되는 반면, pH는 감소하는 등 전반적으로 품질 측면에서는 안정화되는 경향을 나타내었으며, 품질적인 특성만을 고려한 적정 추출조건은 $85^{\circ}C$ 내외에서 48시간 추출하는 것이 효율적이라 판단된다. 따라서 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 홍삼 추출액의 품질특성과 사포닌의 안정적인 추출을 위한 적정 추출조건은 ginsenosides의 손실이 최소화되는 $80^{\circ}C$ 내외에서 물리적 성질이 안정화되기 시작하는 48시간 이내로 추출하는 것이 적합한 것으로 사료된다. 이와 같은 결과는 홍삼 추출방법에 있어서 최적의 추출조건에 대한 정보를 주는 것이며, 더 나아가 고농도 사포닌성분이 함유된 기능성 홍삼제품 개발에 기초정보를 제공하는 결과라 사료된다.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.324-333
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• 2011

This study was accomplished for the purpose of developing a textile processing ingredient that is harmless to the human body and environment. The research method consists of dyeing cotton textiles by extracting the dye solution from ginseng. Then, chrominance, after treatment, antibacterial ratio and deodorization ratio of cotton fabrics dyed with ginseng extracts were tested and results were examined. The research procedure involved first extracting the dye solution from the ginseng's by-product (fine roots) and then dyeing was effectuated differently according to the test samples temperature and dyeing time requirements. Brightness in all dye substances was lower in pre-mordanting. Beige color could be extracted from pre-mordanted samples. And dark orange from postmordanted samples. Color-festness was high in all samples. Most of samples show a big antibacterial ratio and deodorization ratio. Through this research it has been discovered that, when applied to textiles, Korea's ginseng extract possessed reproducibility features as a natural dye and a possibility to be used in cutting which plays a crucial role in hygienic processing. In addition, by using ginseng's by-product for dyeing processing as the dye solution, efficient application of resources and occurrences of no water waste damages were demonstrated and thus, proved to be environmentally-friendly. Specifically, through this experiment, it was found that saponin, ginseng's special characteristics, possessed excellent antibacterial odor repelling functions to clothing as well as the capability to prevent skin disease.

• 생약학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.315-319
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• 2014

This study compared the contents of ginseng prosapogenin depending on the extracting conditions of Skin White ginseng(Panax ginseng) to provide basic information for developing Skin White ginseng-based functional foods. Our findings show that the content of crude saponin peaked at 4 hours of extraction(SWG-4) and when extracted at $100^{\circ}C$. However, the content of total saponin reached its height at 8 hours of extraction at $100^{\circ}C$(SWG-8). On the other hand, the content of prosapogenin reached their heights at 60 hours of extraction(SWG-60), followed by 60 hours of extraction at $100^{\circ}C$. And at $100^{\circ}C$ the main prosapogenin of the content of Red and Black ginseng ginsenoside $Rg_3$, $Rg_5$ and $Rk_1$ reached their heights at 60 hours of extraction(SWG-60), followed by 60 hours of extraction.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.170-178
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• 1985

Korean red ginseng tails was extracted with solutions having various ethanol concentration at the temperature range of 70-100 $^{\circ}C$. Extraction was carried out for 1-5 times of 8 hours at given temperature. The results obtained on physicochemical properties of yields, saponins, sugars, minerals, color and viscosity were analyzed statistically to find the correlation with extracting conditions. A very high positive correlation was found between extraction time and cumulative values of yields of chemical components. Increase in ethanol concentration affected negatively on viscosity, absorbencies and yields of soluble solids and minerals. Some of the properties also showed a high correlation with temperature increase. Equations were also derived from the significant results on correlation analysis.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.276-281
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• 2013

This study was conducted to compare the contents of ginsenoside according the water extract conditions of red ginseng. In method A, red ginseng extract was prepared at $75^{\circ}C$ for 18 hours by 1 time extraction, and method B, the preparation was done at $85^{\circ}C$ for 18 hours by 1 time extraction. In method C, the primary extract prepared at $75^{\circ}C$ for 9 hours was blended with the secondary extract prepared by re-extracting the red ginseng residue obtained after the primary extraction, at $85^{\circ}C$ for 9 hours. Method D was the same procedure as method C but the extraction temperature for the primary extraction was $85^{\circ}C$ and that for the secondary extraction was $95^{\circ}C$. The contents of total and $Rb_1$, $Rg_1$ and $Rg_3$ ginsenoside were highest in Method C. The content of prosapogenin (ginsenoside $Rg_2$, $Rg_3$, $Rb_1$ and $Rb_2$) was highest in Method B. There was no consistent tendency in Brix, pH, Hue value and absorbance among extraction methods.

• 생약학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.152-156
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• 2012

This study compared the contents of ginseng prosapogenin depending on the extracting conditions of Ginseng Radix palva(Panax ginseng) to provide basic information for developing Ginseng Radix palva-based functional foods. Our findings show that the content of crude saponin peaked at 18 hours of extraction and when extracted twice at $100^{\circ}C$ (GRP-18). However, the content of total saponin reached its height at 6 hours of extraction at $100^{\circ}C$ (GRP-6) and when extracted twice. On the other hand, the content of ginsenoside $Rg_3$, $Rg_5$ and $Rk_1$ from Red and Black ginseng reached their heights at 18 hours of extraction, followed by 72 hours and 15 hours of extraction at $100^{\circ}C$. And at $100^{\circ}C$ the main prosapogenin of the content of Black ginseng ginsenoside $Rg_5$ and $Rk_1$ reached their heights at 18 hours of extraction, followed by 72 hours and 15 hours of extraction.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.122-126
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• 1995

The effects of treating bovine heart mitochondria with potassium chloride and surfactants such as digitonin and n-dodecy-$\beta$-maltoside (DMS) including plant saponins on extracting cytochrome c were examined. The spectra given by the cytochrome c-containing solutions from the extraction were inspected to ascertain whether ginseng and bellflower saponins could be used instead of the generally- employed surfactants of digitonin and DMS. These studies implied that the effect of ginseng saponins is superior to that of digitonin but inferior to that of DMS, and give rise to the idea of substitutional property of ginseng saponins for the widely-employed surfactants in the extraction of mitochondria intermembrane cytochrome c. The substitution for the solubilizing surfactants by bellflower saponins could, however, not presumably be anticipated; while ginseng saponin mixture are a suitable substitute.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.387-390
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• 1985

홍미삼엑기스를 제조할 때 추출용매와 그 농도 및 추출온도와 추출시간 등의 추출조건이 홍삼엑기스의 조회분 함량과 무기성분의 조성에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과 무기성분의 용출량과 이행율은 추출용매에탄올의 농도가 증가 될수록 낮아 졌으며 특히 70% 이상 농도에서 현저하였다. 물 추출구(區)의 경우 용출량은 K의 1.55%로 가장 높았고 Cu가 11ppm으로 가장 낮았으며 원료함량대비로는 Ca의 91.41% 용출이행으로 가장 높았고 Mg이 30.14%로 가장 낮았다. 추출온도 상승에 따라서는 큰 차이가 없었으나 소량씩 증가되는 경향이었고 초기용출이행이 커 $1{\sim}3$회 추출에 80%이상이 용출되었다. 조회분의 경우도 같은 경향이었고 몰 추출구(區)의 경우 3회 추출에 92.38%이상의 용출되어 70% 에탄올추출구(區)에 비하여 훨씬 높았다.