• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.86-89
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• 2016

This study compared the contents of prosapogenin depending on the extracting conditions of Red ginseng to provide basic information for developing Red ginseng-based functional foods. The content of ginsenoside Rg3 reached their maximum value at 24 h of extraction, followed by 36 h and 72 h of extraction at $100^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.39-44
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• 2007

This study was conducted to investigate the contents of residual solvents and mineral components(11 kinds) in ginseng extracts with different extracting conditions(5 types) and commercial ginseng extract products(domestic, imported). Fine root was extracted with solution having various ethanol concentration after hexane treatment. Among 5 type extracts, residual solvent(hexane) was detected ginseng extracts treated ethanol mixed with hexane. But extracts that dried after soaked in hexane wasn't detected hexane. Mineral components(Al, Mn, Fe, Cu and Zn) were detected in fine root and 5 types of extracts. The contents of mineral components between fine root and extracts with various extracting conditions were similar, however, extracts that dried after soaked in hexane showed the lower amount in Al, Fe, Pb than the others. In comparison with commercial ginseng ex-tract products(domestic, imported), the distribution pattern of mineral was similar but the contents were a little different.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.256-260
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• 2008

In this study, the composition of saponin and physico-chemical properties of Korean red ginseng extract was analyzed based on various extracting conditions. The total saponin and individual ginsenoside concentration of the red ginseng extract showed a decreasing trend as the extracting temperature and time increased; also, the extracting condition at $75^{\circ}C$ for 24 hours showed the highest concentration. In contrast, the concentration of $Rg_3$ increased as the extracting temperature and time increased within the particular range. It was suggested that a certain part of ginsenosides changes to $Rg_3$ according to extracting conditions; thus, the concentration of $Rg_3$ increased. Physico-chemical properties of Korean red ginseng extract based on the extracting conditions were different compared to those for saponin; so, as the extracting temperature and time increased, brix and color difference increased but pH decreased indicating stabilization of the overall quality of the product. Therefore, the most appropriate extracting condition for both the product quality of Korean red ginseng extract and stable extraction of saponin was $80^{\circ}C$ within 48 hours, minimizing the loss of ginsenosides.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.324-333
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• 2011

This study was accomplished for the purpose of developing a textile processing ingredient that is harmless to the human body and environment. The research method consists of dyeing cotton textiles by extracting the dye solution from ginseng. Then, chrominance, after treatment, antibacterial ratio and deodorization ratio of cotton fabrics dyed with ginseng extracts were tested and results were examined. The research procedure involved first extracting the dye solution from the ginseng's by-product (fine roots) and then dyeing was effectuated differently according to the test samples temperature and dyeing time requirements. Brightness in all dye substances was lower in pre-mordanting. Beige color could be extracted from pre-mordanted samples. And dark orange from postmordanted samples. Color-festness was high in all samples. Most of samples show a big antibacterial ratio and deodorization ratio. Through this research it has been discovered that, when applied to textiles, Korea's ginseng extract possessed reproducibility features as a natural dye and a possibility to be used in cutting which plays a crucial role in hygienic processing. In addition, by using ginseng's by-product for dyeing processing as the dye solution, efficient application of resources and occurrences of no water waste damages were demonstrated and thus, proved to be environmentally-friendly. Specifically, through this experiment, it was found that saponin, ginseng's special characteristics, possessed excellent antibacterial odor repelling functions to clothing as well as the capability to prevent skin disease.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.315-319
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• 2014

This study compared the contents of ginseng prosapogenin depending on the extracting conditions of Skin White ginseng(Panax ginseng) to provide basic information for developing Skin White ginseng-based functional foods. Our findings show that the content of crude saponin peaked at 4 hours of extraction(SWG-4) and when extracted at $100^{\circ}C$. However, the content of total saponin reached its height at 8 hours of extraction at $100^{\circ}C$(SWG-8). On the other hand, the content of prosapogenin reached their heights at 60 hours of extraction(SWG-60), followed by 60 hours of extraction at $100^{\circ}C$. And at $100^{\circ}C$ the main prosapogenin of the content of Red and Black ginseng ginsenoside $Rg_3$, $Rg_5$ and $Rk_1$ reached their heights at 60 hours of extraction(SWG-60), followed by 60 hours of extraction.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.170-178
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• 1985

Korean red ginseng tails was extracted with solutions having various ethanol concentration at the temperature range of 70-100 $^{\circ}C$. Extraction was carried out for 1-5 times of 8 hours at given temperature. The results obtained on physicochemical properties of yields, saponins, sugars, minerals, color and viscosity were analyzed statistically to find the correlation with extracting conditions. A very high positive correlation was found between extraction time and cumulative values of yields of chemical components. Increase in ethanol concentration affected negatively on viscosity, absorbencies and yields of soluble solids and minerals. Some of the properties also showed a high correlation with temperature increase. Equations were also derived from the significant results on correlation analysis.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.276-281
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• 2013

This study was conducted to compare the contents of ginsenoside according the water extract conditions of red ginseng. In method A, red ginseng extract was prepared at $75^{\circ}C$ for 18 hours by 1 time extraction, and method B, the preparation was done at $85^{\circ}C$ for 18 hours by 1 time extraction. In method C, the primary extract prepared at $75^{\circ}C$ for 9 hours was blended with the secondary extract prepared by re-extracting the red ginseng residue obtained after the primary extraction, at $85^{\circ}C$ for 9 hours. Method D was the same procedure as method C but the extraction temperature for the primary extraction was $85^{\circ}C$ and that for the secondary extraction was $95^{\circ}C$. The contents of total and $Rb_1$, $Rg_1$ and $Rg_3$ ginsenoside were highest in Method C. The content of prosapogenin (ginsenoside $Rg_2$, $Rg_3$, $Rb_1$ and $Rb_2$) was highest in Method B. There was no consistent tendency in Brix, pH, Hue value and absorbance among extraction methods.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.152-156
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• 2012

This study compared the contents of ginseng prosapogenin depending on the extracting conditions of Ginseng Radix palva(Panax ginseng) to provide basic information for developing Ginseng Radix palva-based functional foods. Our findings show that the content of crude saponin peaked at 18 hours of extraction and when extracted twice at $100^{\circ}C$ (GRP-18). However, the content of total saponin reached its height at 6 hours of extraction at $100^{\circ}C$ (GRP-6) and when extracted twice. On the other hand, the content of ginsenoside $Rg_3$, $Rg_5$ and $Rk_1$ from Red and Black ginseng reached their heights at 18 hours of extraction, followed by 72 hours and 15 hours of extraction at $100^{\circ}C$. And at $100^{\circ}C$ the main prosapogenin of the content of Black ginseng ginsenoside $Rg_5$ and $Rk_1$ reached their heights at 18 hours of extraction, followed by 72 hours and 15 hours of extraction.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.122-126
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• 1995

The effects of treating bovine heart mitochondria with potassium chloride and surfactants such as digitonin and n-dodecy-$\beta$-maltoside (DMS) including plant saponins on extracting cytochrome c were examined. The spectra given by the cytochrome c-containing solutions from the extraction were inspected to ascertain whether ginseng and bellflower saponins could be used instead of the generally- employed surfactants of digitonin and DMS. These studies implied that the effect of ginseng saponins is superior to that of digitonin but inferior to that of DMS, and give rise to the idea of substitutional property of ginseng saponins for the widely-employed surfactants in the extraction of mitochondria intermembrane cytochrome c. The substitution for the solubilizing surfactants by bellflower saponins could, however, not presumably be anticipated; while ginseng saponin mixture are a suitable substitute.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.387-390
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• 1985

The effect of extracting conditions on the content of inorganic compounds of red ginseng extract was studied with respect to the change in ethanolic concentration ranges of $0{\sim}90%$ and temperature of $70{\sim}100^{\circ}C$ during $1{\sim}5$ times of extraction. Each extraction time was taken 8 hours at given temperature. Little effect of temperature on inorganic compounds was observed, while higher ethanol concentrations, particularly higher than 70%, were resulted a significant decreased in their contents. The yield of inorganic compounds in water was shown 80% over after 3rd extraction, while content of crude ash was observed similar tendency and their contents were significant increased in water than in 70% ethanolic concentration. In the process of extraction with water, 1.55% of the potassium content was the highest value, and the smallest was 11ppm of the copper. But in the extraction ratio to raw mateirls, the highest ratio was 91.4% of the calcium, and smallest was 30.4.% of the magnesium.